No abstract available.
Eyelids* ; Female ; Humans ; Statistics as Topic*

No abstract available.
Eyelids* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Central Venous Catheters* ; Prospective Studies* ; Thrombophlebitis*

PURPOSE: Providing an adequate amount of energy is important in patients with depleted nutrition. Indirect calorimetry is a portable tool that can measure the resting energy expenditure, the respiratory quotient, and the ratio of substrate utilization. Another way of getting the energy expenditure is through the use of equations, and that has been a more common way to get the basal energy expenditure. However, there has been a controversy that the energy expenditures calculated from equations are not the same as the values measured by indirect calorimetry. METHODS: Our study was to clarify this difference in two different groups with different physical conditions and growth. One was a normal-adult group (n=18), and their energy expenditure was calculated using the Harris-Benedict equations. The other was a normal-newborn group (n=7), and their energy expenditure was calculated using the Schofield equations. Calculated values were compared with the resting energy expenditure from indirect calorimetry (Deltatrac Metabolic Monitor, Datex Inc. Finland). RESULTS: In the adults, the basal energy expenditure was 1703.3+/-100.2 kcal/d according to the Harris-Benedict equations, and the resting energy expenditure was 1701+/-289.6 kcal/d according to indirect calorimetry (p>0.1). VO2 was 245.7+/-42.8 ml/min, VCO2 was 210+33.4 ml/min, and RQ was 0.86+/-0.05. In the neonates, the basal energy expenditure was 184.1+/-15.1 kcal/d according to the Schofield equations, and the resting basal energy expenditure was 154.3+/-32.1 kcal/d (p<0.05). VO2 was 21.9+/-4.3 ml/min, VCO2 was 18.7+/-4.0 ml/min, and RQ was 0.85+/-0.02. The ratios of substrate utilization were 192.1+/-58.8 g/d (48.03+/-16.8%) for carbohydrates, 69.7 +/-35.6 g/d (37.8+/-17.2%) for fats, and 55.8+/-14.9 g/d (14.3+/-3.9%) for proteins in the adults. In the neonates, the ratios were 18.6+/-5.6 g/d (50.3+/-7.0%) for carbohydrates, 18.6+/-1.1 g/d (47.7+/-6.2%) for fats, and 1+/-0 g/d (3.0+/-0.73%) for proteins. CONCLUSION: The difference between the basal energy expenditure obtained from equations and the resting energy expenditure obtained from indirect calorimetry could be identified only in the neonate group, but not in the adult group. It is speculated that resting energy expenditure was more reliable than the basal energy expenditure in neonates. Indirect calorimetry canbe a useful tool to correct the errors in the values obtained from equations, and other parameters, such as the respiratory quotient and the ratio of substrate utilization, should be evaluated in nutritional support.
Adult ; Calorimetry, Indirect* ; Carbohydrates ; Energy Metabolism* ; Fats ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Nutritional Support ; Young Adult*

No abstract available.

Nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis(NLCS) is a rare nevoiri anomaly characterized by ectopic adipose tissue in the dermis without predilection. In this disease two clinical types are distinguished: The classic type consists of asymptomatic linear or zosteriform coliection of soft, flesh colored to yellowish, papules or nodules that often coalesce into plaque. It is usually located in the pelvic girdle and lumbar area but has been repeted on the abdomen, thorax, thigh, and scalp. The solitary form usually appears later in life and can occur at any site. There is no sexurl irredilection or hereditary trend. There are no assoeiated abnor malities. The authors experienced three cases of typical NLCS including thia silitary type that had several solitary nodules irregularly. The first case was a 24-year-old female which has had multiple, flesh to dark brown-colored, confluent nodules over the left upper thigh for 5-years. The second case is the solitary type that a 56-year-old female has had discrete bean sized to what sized nodules on the right buttock for 13-years. The third case was a 23-year-old female who had soft, yellowish skin colored, cerebriform tumor on the right buttock for 10-yesrs. Diagnos was confirmed by clinical and histopathologic findings.
Abdomen ; Adipose Tissue ; Buttocks ; Dermis ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Nevus* ; Scalp ; Skin ; Thigh ; Thorax ; Young Adult

The etiological and precipitating factors, clinical features and outcomes of 48 patients over the age of 17 years with generalized major motor status epilepticus were studied. Eleven patients were regarded to have idiopathic epilepsy and the other thirty-seven had symptomatic epilepsy due to intracranial infection, cerebrovascular diseases, cerebral tumors, cerebral trauma, metabolic disorders, unknown and others. Most frequent causes were intracranial infection including nonspecific inflammatory granuloma, cerebral cysticercosis, viral encephalitis and sequela of previous meningitis. The major single precipitating factor of the status was abrupt discontinuation of antiepileptic drugs and this accounted for 57% of the status in 30 patients with previous seizures. Other factors were upper respiratory infection, alcohol intake and physical exhaustion. In 18 patients without history of previous seizure, only six had obvious precipitating factors. Among 48 patients, sixteen patients showed primary generalized tonic-clonic status and the remaineder had generalized tonic-clonic status with focal onset. Twenty-five patients (78%) in the latter group had apparent causes and brain C.T. scans revealed structural lesions in 68% of 28 patients in the latter group. Therefore it is suggested that patients showing the status with focal onset must be screened with laboratory studies as fully as possible, including brain C.T. In 41 patients who had no apparent ifectious process, the episodes of status were accompanied by hyperthermia (69%) and transient leukocytosis (65%). In 16 of them, cerebrospinal fluid was examined and a status-induced cererbrospinal fluid pleocytosis was observed in 3 patients. Forty-two patients in this series recoverd without neurological sequelas from the status and three had some sequelae at the time of discharge, including disturbances of recent memory, calculation, judgement and emotion. Three patients (6%) who died from the status were having idiopathic epilepsy, viral encephalitis or subarachnoid hemorrhage, respectively.
Anticonvulsants ; Brain ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Cysticercosis ; Encephalitis, Viral ; Epilepsy ; Fever ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Leukocytosis ; Memory ; Meningitis ; Precipitating Factors ; Seizures ; Status Epilepticus* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

449 hospital patients with no pathologic brain CT findings, 30 yrs of age or older, were selected for the study of cerebral atrophy during the 30 months, from January 1980 to June 1983, at dept. of internal medicine, Hanyang Univ. hospital & following results were obtained. 1) Thoses in male group, A gradually progressive increase in the degree of cerebral atrophy score in the 3rd, 4th & late 5th decades was followed by a dramatic increase in the late 6th & 7th decades. 2) Those in female group, A gradually progressive increase in the degree of cerebral atrophy.
Atrophy* ; Brain* ; Female ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Male

449 hospital patients with no pathologic brain CT findings, 30 yrs of age or older, were selected for the study of cerebral atrophy during the 30 months, from January 1980 to June 1983, at dept. of internal medicine, Hanyang Univ. hospital & following results were obtained. 1) Thoses in male group, A gradually progressive increase in the degree of cerebral atrophy score in the 3rd, 4th & late 5th decades was followed by a dramatic increase in the late 6th & 7th decades. 2) Those in female group, A gradually progressive increase in the degree of cerebral atrophy.
Atrophy* ; Brain* ; Female ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Male

BACKGROUND: Circardian variation in the onset of cardiovascular events includig sudden cardiac death, myocardial infarction and ventricular arrhythmias has been discribed. The frequency of ventricular premature complexes has also been reported to demonstrate a pattern consisting of a daytime peak and nightime nadir. We tried to see if the same circardian pattern is found in dilated cardiomyopathy patients. We have also studed how various modifying factors such as left ventricular ejection fration and ACE inhibitor use may affect the circardian pattern. METHOD: 24-hour ambulatory electrocaridiographic monitorings were performed in 50 dilated cardiomyopathy patients and 20 control subjects. Patients were prospectively divided in 2 groups based on LVEF and ACE inhibitor use. RESULTS: In dilated cardiomyopathy patients, the expected morning increase in VPC frequency is absent and show a peak in evening. This pattern is not correlated with heart rate. Evening peak is more prominent in low LVEF group and ACE inhibitor non-user group. CONCLUSION: In dilated cardiomyopathy patients, VPC frequency show a peak in the evening.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated* ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Prospective Studies ; Ventricular Premature Complexes*