No abstract available.
Activities of Daily Living* ; Humans ; Stroke*

No abstract available.
Eustachian Tube*

BACKGROUND: In recent years, lymphocyte subset analysis in peripheral blood is widely performed using erythrocytes-lysed whole blood and two color immunofluorescence/flow cytometry method. Use of fresh blood drawn within 6 hours of staining is recommended, and some patients have to revisit the hospital for blood collection. We tested whether 24 hours-refrigerated/stored whose blood can be used for lymphocyte subset analysis. METHODS: Twenty consecutive blood samples from patients (including nine HIV positive patients) collected in EDTA-vacutainer were tested: 1) on the day of sampling using fresh blood kept at room temperature for up to 6 hours until staining (as recommended by the manufacturer) and 2) on the following day using the same tube of blood refrigerated for 24 hours after the first staining. Two colon immunofluorescenc staining was done using Simultest(TM) IMK-Lymphocyte kit (Beckon Dickinson, U.S.A.) and flow cytometric analysis was performed using FACScan and SimulSET(TM) software (Becton Dickinson, U.S.A.). Results of alive kinds of Lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CDl9+, CD3+CD4+CD3+CD8+, CD3-CDl6+ and/or CD56+) on day 1 and day 2 were compared by pained-t test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. RESULTS: There was no significant change of values for all of the lymphocyte subsets except CD3+CD8+suppressor/cytotoxic (S/C) T cells. There was a slight but statistically significant change in S/C T cells (39.9%-->41.8%: 1.9%, p=0.008) after 24 hours of refrigeration, and this change was observed mainly in HIV-positive patient group. However, there was no significant change in the absolute count of helper/inducer T cells or CD4/CD8 ratio, and the change of S/C T cells in these patients was not considered to be of clinical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The difference in the values of lymphocyte subsets between fresh blood and 24 hours-refrigerated blood was negligible and it is concluded that 24 hours-stored blood samples can be used for lymphocyte subset analysis for clinical purposes.
Colon ; HIV ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Subsets* ; Lymphocytes* ; Refrigeration ; T-Lymphocytes

A statistical observation was made on congenital anomalies of the genito-urinary tracts of the out-patients and in-patients in the Department of Urology, Han Ill Hospital during the period April, 1969 through Mar. 1970 and the following results were obtained. I. Statistics on out-patients. 1) During the period, 2,115 cases (1.653 males, 462 females) bad seen at our out-patient Department, 53 cases (40 males, 13 females) bad congenital anomalies of the genito-urinary tracts, giving a rate of 2.5% (male 1.9%, female 0. 6%). 2) Of 53 cases, 49 cases (92.5%) were seen by us at the ages of 39 years or below, and 4 cases (7.6%) at the ages of 40 years or above. 3) Of the anomalies (54.7%) were in penile. 13 cases (24.5%) in renal, 5 cases (9.4%) in ureteral, 3 cases (5.7%) in urethral and 3 cases (5.7%) in testicular. 4) Congenital complete phimosis was observed in 54. 7% of all the anomalies, wandering kidney in 13.3%, ureterocele in 5.7% and hypospadia in 5. 7%. II. Statistics on in-patients 1) During the period, of 156 cases hospitalized (96 males, 60 females), 11 cases (4 males, 7 females) had congenital anomalies of the genito-urinary tracts, giving a rate of 7.1% (male: 2. 6%, female: 4.5%). 2) Of 11 cases, 10 cases (90.9%) were seen by us at the ages of 40 years or above. 3) Of the anomalies, 7 cases (63.6%) were in renal, 3 cases (27.3%) in ureteral, 1 case (9.1%) in urethral. 4) Wandering kidney was observed in 27.3% of all anomalies, ureterocele in 18.2% and double kidney in 18.2%.
Female ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; Kidney ; Male ; Outpatients ; Phimosis ; Ureter ; Ureterocele ; Urology

No abstract available.
Female* ; Humans ; Urethritis*

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous echo contrast(SEC) is known to predict the increased incidence of thromboembolism in a variety of heart diseases. Transesophageal echocardiography can be useful for the detection of SEC due to proximity of the probe to the left atrium. We performed this study (1) to evaluate the incidence of SEC in mitral stenosis and its relation to the past history of thromboembolism and (2) to characterize the echocardiographic and hemodynamic indices in patients with SEC compared with those without SEC. METHODS: Transesophageal and thransthoracic echocardiographies were done in 89 patients with mitral stenosis. Biplane probe was used in transesophageal echocardiography. In 47patients cardiac catheterization and angiography were performed. RESULTS: (1) SEC was found in 56 out of 89 patients(63%), and left atrial thrombus was found in 32 patients. (2) Left atrial dimension was larger in patients with SEC than in patients without SEC(57.3%+/-8.4mm vs 49.3+/-6.8mm, p<0.05) and mitrial valve area was smaller in patients with SEC than in patients without SEC(0.85+/-0.27cm2 vs 0.97+/-0.24cm2) (3) Association of SEC to thrombi or previous history of arterial embolism showed a high sensitivity and negative predictive value. CONCLUSION: SEC was an useful finding to predict the increased risk of thromboembolism in patients with mitral stenosis. Patients with SEC had severe mitral stenosis than patients without SEC.
Angiography ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal* ; Embolism ; Heart Atria ; Heart Diseases ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mitral Valve Stenosis ; Thromboembolism ; Thrombosis

Androgen insensitivity syndrome is a genetic syndrome characterized by complete or partial resistance of end organ to the peripheral effect of androgen. Patient have a male karyotype(46,XY) and bilateral testes. Appearance of external genitalia depend on the degree of androgen insensitivity. In the complete form, external genitalia is normal female but in the incomplete form, external genitalia figure varies hom that of a virilized female to that of an undervirilized male with a short penis and hypospadia. The gonads are able to be located along the descending course of the testis during development. The usual presenting symptom in complete type is primary amenorrhea or inguinal mass, but in incomplete type, the patient mainly present with ambiguous genitalia. Recently we experienced one case of this syndmme and removed the bilateral gonads, so we report it with brief review of literatures.
Amenorrhea ; Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome* ; Disorders of Sex Development ; Female ; Genitalia ; Gonads* ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; Male ; Penis ; Testis

This study examined the expression of the bcl-2 protein in 59 cases of transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs) of the bladder and evaluated the relationship of bcl-2 and p53 with apoptosis. The cases were divided into 41 low-grade TCCs, 18 high-grade TCCs, 32 superficial TCCs, and 27 invasive TCCs. p53 and bcl-2 protein were detected by the immunohistochemical method and apoptosis was analysed by using hematoxylin-eosin stained slide. The results were as follows: bcl-2 protein was detected in 8 (14%) TCCs and all of these cases were low grade TCCs. Expression of bcl-2 protein was not correlated with clinical stage. There was no correlation between bcl-2 and p53 protein. According to the immunohistochemical results of bcl-2 and p53 protein, the cases were divided 4 groups. Apoptotic index (AI) was higher in p53 positive/ bcl-2 negative group than other groups but the significance was recognized only between p53 positive/bcl-2 negative group and p53 negative/bcl-2 negative group (p<0.05). p53 protein was detected in 20 (36%) TCCs and its expression was correlated positively with histologic grade and clinical stage (p<0.05). AI correlated positively with histologic grade and clinical stage (p<0.01). These data indicate that overexpression of bcl-2 protein is rare in TCC of the bladder and associated with low grade TCCs. Overexpression of p53 is associated with the tumor progression in the TCCs. AI correlates with p53 positivity but does not correlate with bcl-2 positivity.
Apoptosis* ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Urinary Bladder*

Primary sarcomas of the liver are rare. A case of primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the liver is reported. A 55-year-old male was admitted with epigastric pain. An abdominal computed tomographic scan disclosed a 10cm, low-density area in the left lobe of the liver. Histological examination of the resected tumor showed bundles of spindle cells arranged in a storiform pattern. In some areas, many bizarre giant cells were scattered. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, and weakly positive for vimentin. The tumor cells did not express cytokeratin, desmin or alpha fetoprotein.
alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; Desmin ; Giant Cells ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous* ; Humans ; Keratins ; Liver* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sarcoma ; Vimentin

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal*