Recent investigations have revealed that autocrine growth factors and their receptors are closely related and play an important role in controlling cancer cell growth. We performed an immunohistochemical study on the expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), c-erbB-2, and PCNA labelling index in 60 cases of human gastric carcinomas. TGF-alpha was detected in 38 cases (63.3%), EGF in 26 cases (43.3%), EGF-R in 44 cases (73.3%), and c-erbB-2 in 18 cases (30%). These growth factors, EGF-R and c-erbB-2, were found more often in advanced gastric cancers. The PCNA labeling index was significantly higher in tumors with the expression of EGF-R or c-erbB-2. Tumors with simultaneous expression of EGF, TGF-alpha, EGF-R and c-erbB-2 was associated with a high PCNA labeling index. A correlation was observed between the synchronous expression of growth factors and its receptors and histological differentiation. The results suggest that the expression of EGF, TGF-alpha, EGF-R and c-erbB-2 are closely related and plays an important role in the growth and progression of human gastric carcinoma.
Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Peptides* ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Transforming Growth Factor alpha

Adenoid basal cell tumor of the prostate is a rare tumorous lesion that can be misdiagnosed as adenocarcinoma of the prostate. The malignant potential of adenoid basal cell tumor remains uncertain due to small number of reported cases. This 66-year-old man presented with symptoms of urinary tract obstruction. Under the impression of benign prostatic hyperplasia, a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) was performed. The patient was alive with no evidence of recurrence or metastasis 15 months after TURP. Microscopically, most of the lesions were composed of nodular collections of small nests of basaloid cells with peripheral palisading, and clusters of tumor cells forming cribriform pattern. Multiple areas of basal cell hyperplasia and atypical basal cell hyperpalsia were also observed. The coexistence of basal cell hyperplasia, atypical basal cell hyperpalsia, and adenoid basal cell tumor with cribriform pattern in this case supports a morphologic continuum from the benign hyperplastic lesion to malignant neoplasia.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoids* ; Aged ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Recurrence ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Urinary Tract

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Syringoma* ; Vulva

Carcinoid tumors of the appendix are common incidental findings, but appendiceal tumors with histologic features of both carcinoids and adenocarcinomas are rare, and their biologic behavior and histogenesis are still unclear. We report a case of goblet cell carcinoid of the appendix in a 54-year-old male, who exhibited pain in the right lower abdomen. Microscopically, the tumor contained smooth-bordered, widely separated nests composed of tumor cells with abundant mucin. The principal tumor cell type had a close resemblance to the normal goblet cell. Histochemically, the tumor cells revealed positive reaction for PAS and alcian blue stain. Immunohistochemically, the tumor showed strong reactivity for carcinoembryonic antigen, chromogranin and, neuron specific enolase but none for cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen.
Adenocarcinoma

A case of left parietal pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma that occurred in a 58-year-old woman is reported clinicopathologically. Histopathologic diagnosis of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma was made because of the unique pleomorphic histologic features, positive glial fibrillary acidic protein in immunohistochemical staining. The flow cytometric analysis reveals DNA aneuploidy and relatively high S-phase fraction. The pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma is considered as a special subgroup of glioma on the basis of superficial cortical location, GFAP expression, marked cellular atypia, xanthomatous cells, and relatively favorable prognosis.
Female ; Humans

For the estimation of the proliferative activity, related to the biologic behaviour, malignant potential, and prognosis, of human thyroid tumors, PCNA(proliferating cell nuclear antigen) immunohistochemical staining was performed on paraffin-embedded sections of 9 normal thyroid tissues, 9 adenomatous goiters, 9 follicular adenomas, 4 Hurthle cell tumors, 12 papillary carcinomas, 4 follicular carcinomas, and 3 anaplastic carcinomas. The results were as follows: 1) The PCNA labeling indices in adenomatous goiter, follicular adenoma, and Hurthle cell tumor were 1.1, 1.5, and 2.4, respectively. They were significantly higher than the labeling index in normal thyroid. 2) The PCNA labeling indices in papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma were 3.5 and 4.4, respectively. They were significantly higher than the labeling indices in adenomatous goiter and follicular adenoma, but there was no significant difference between papillary and follicular carcinoma. 3) The PCNA labeling index in anaplastic carcinoma, 14.1, was significantly higher than those in benign and other malignant tumors. According to the results, the PCNA labeling index was well correlated with the malignant potential of a tumor. So the PCNA immunohistochemical staining is thought to be a useful method for the evaluation of the malignant potential and prognosis of a tumor.
Humans

No abstract available.
Rhinitis*

The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of vertical head rotation and to evaluate the reproducibility of natural head posture (NHP) according to two guiding methods, the head posture aligner (HPA) method and the self balance posture (SBP) method. The subjects consisted of 30 adults. On the first day, lateral and frontal cephalometric radiographs were obtained through the two guiding methods. One month later, lateral and frontal cephalometric radiographs were obtained again through both guiding methods. The degrees of vertical head rotation of both guiding methods were compared and the reproducibility was evaluated for each guiding method. A comparison of the degrees of vertical head rotation for the two methods revealed that the vertical head posture was lower in the SBP method than in the HPA method by an average of 2.79 degrees. All measurements obtained using the HPA and SBP methods with a time interval of one month did not show any significant difference in lateral and frontal cephalometric radiographs. The results of the present study suggest that the SBP method may be used as an alternative to the HPA method in case the HPA method can not be applied.
Adult ; Head* ; Humans ; Posture*

Animal poisoning has been occurred in Korea. However, the lack of the data about animal poisoning in Korea makes clinicians and diagnostician difficult to obtain information on poisoning cases. In this paper, we tried to gather information about animal poisoning from 1974 to June 2013 in Korea. Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA) record database were used to examine recent trends in animal poisoning. The analysis showed that the cattle was reported to be the most common species involved in animal poisoning and botulinum toxin constituted the primary group of toxicants. Animal poisoning occurred frequently on January and in Gyenggi-do. Although the data present in this manuscript is a little, it will be helpful to understand the general trend of animal poisoning in Korea.
Animals* ; Botulinum Toxins ; Cattle ; Korea* ; Plants ; Poisoning* ; Quarantine

BACKGROUND: Since 1983, vaccination for Hepatitis B virus(HBV) has been recommended for all neonates in Korea. Therefore, significant change of HBsAg positive rate is expected. The objective of this study is to investigate HBsAg positive rate of grade, junior high, and high schoolers in Kangwon Province. METHODS: From 1997 to 1999, total 120,220 subjects, who were born in 1981 to 1992, were enrolled in this study. HBsAg and anti-HBs were tested by reversed passive hemagglutination and passive hemagglutination, respectively. If their results had been vague, we perfomed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for confirmation. RESULTS: HBsAg positive rate of entire study group was 2.5%(3,045 out of 120,220). Those of schoolboys and schoolgirls were 2.6%(1,567 out of 60,076), 2.5%(1,478 out of 60,144), respectively. Significant statistical difference was not observed in comparison of HBsAg positive rate according to sex(p=0.09). HBsAg positive rate of grade schoolers was 1.4%(676 out of 48,871), which was significantly lower than that of junior high(3.2%, 557 out of 17,577) and high-schoolers(3.4%, 1,812 out of 53,772)(p< 0.01). From 1997 to 1999, HBsAg positive rate has significantly decreased from 2.8%(1,434 out of 50,434) to 1.9%(407 out of 20,991)(p< 0.01). HBeAg positive rate of HBsAg positive subjects was 62.9%(1,000 out of 1,590). CONCLUSION: HBsAg positive rate of grade-schoolers in Kangwon province Korea, tended to be lower than that of junior high, or high-schoolers, and is also thought to be lower than that of the past, which was caused by nationwide vaccination programme.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gangwon-do* ; Hemagglutination ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea ; Vaccination