Poland's syndrome is congenital anomaly which was described first by Alfred Poland in 1841. The clinical features are variable but always include congenital aplasia of fingers and syndactyly. We have experienced a case of Poland's syndrome. This case was male children and revealed thoracic anomaly of right side (absence of pectoral muscles and anterior axillary fold), atrophy of forearm muscles, ipsilateral syndactyly with aplasia of thumb and middle phalanges of 2, 3, 4, 5,th fingers, and ipsilateral congenital radio-ulnar synostosis.
Atrophy ; Child ; Fingers ; Forearm ; Humans ; Male ; Muscles ; Poland ; Syndactyly ; Synostosis ; Thumb

DiGeorge syndrome, a developmental defect of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches, is characterized by aplasia or hypoplasia of the thymus and parathyroid glands and by conotruncal cardiac malformation. This syndrome is usually associated with deletion of long arm in chromosome 22 (22q11-). We experienced a case of partial DiGeorge syndrome in a 2-month-old male who had hospitalized because of recurrent hypocalcemic tetany and tetralogy of Fallot. Immunologic studies revealed the decreased percentage of T lymphocyte and increased percentage of B lymphocyte. Chromosomal study with high resolution banding, showed 46, XY, 22q13 deletion. We report a case of partial Digeorge syndrome with a brief review of literatures.
Arm ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 ; DiGeorge Syndrome* ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Parathyroid Glands ; Tetany ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; Thymus Gland

A study was made of the differences in clinical features and immunological aspects between herpes zoster patients with malignancies and those without malignant tumors. The results obtained from the retrospective review of medical records are as follows: Herpes zoster occurred more frequently in younger patients(less than twenty) with malignanciee as compared with the control group of the same ages,' Male was dominant among zoster patients with malignancies as is the contrary to contral group; Tihere were no marked differences in primarilly involved dermatomes between the two groups; Generalized varicelliform eruptiona were more common in zoster pa,tients with malignaneies than in control group, It seemed that zoster patients with malignancies complained of milder degree of pain. Zoeter patienta associated with malignancies were more frequently DNCB-negative and had decreased OKT3+ pan T cells, OKT4+ helper/inducer T cells as compared with control group, which suggest impaired cell mediated immunity in the former.
Herpes Zoster* ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Male ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; T-Lymphocytes

The incidence of diabetes mellitus is in increasing tendency because of expension of medical care, economic development and increasing of the population of the aged person recently. The diabetic foot is one of serious complication of diabetes. With the advancement of the method of treatment of diabetes the other acute metabolic complications are decreased, but the development of diabetic gangrene encounteres at any age of adult life with increasing of incidence according to the duration of diabetes. The most of them requires operation, and its treatment is difficult frequently because of high incidence of wound problem in healing. So it is important to educate and prevent for lowering its incidence. From January 1978 to December 1984, 38 patients with diabetic foot were treated and analysed at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of Presbyterian Medical Center. The results obtained are as follow. 1. The average of annual incidence of diabetic gangrene was 2.85%. There was increasing tendency of incidence to 1981, thereafter decreasing tendency. 2. 71% of patients with gangrene were in over-50 year age group. 3.72% of patients were in duration of diabetes more than 5 years. 4.79% of patiens were in inadequate treatment before admisson. 5. There was no relationship between fasting blood sugar level and development of gangrence. 6. The most common site of the lesion was big toe. 7. The most common predisposing fector was local pressure (39%), then minor trauma, and burn injury. 8. The primary wound healing rate was 53% after operation. 9. There was no relationship between the lowest palpable artery and primary wound healing. 10. The most common combined complication of diabetes was retinopathy (47%), then neuropathy and hypertension. 11. The rate of bacterial infection was 66%, and the most common organism was staphylococcus aureus (36%).
Adult ; Arteries ; Bacterial Infections ; Blood Glucose ; Burns ; Clinical Study ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetic Foot ; Economic Development ; Fasting ; Gangrene ; Hallux ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Methods ; Protestantism ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Wound Healing ; Wounds and Injuries

The author analyzed 169 cases of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages at the basal ganglia and thalamus, who had been admitted to Jeonju Presbyterian Medical Center from 1975 to 1979. Intracerebral hematoma was confirmed by angiography and the amount of hematoma was divided as small, medium or large according to the angiographic evidence. Among the 169 cases, 145 cases underwent appropriate medical or surgical treatment. 63 cases were treated conservatively and 82 cases were operated ; 22 cases of frontal approach, 51 cases of temporal approach, and 9 cases of extraventricula diainage of clot. Results obtained are as follows : 1. The common pridiection age group was from the fifth to the seventh decades, which was 90.5% of all cases. The ratio of male to female was about 2 to 1. 2. putaminal hemorrhage was 65.1%, and thalamic hemorrhage was 16.6%. 3. Angiographic evidence of arteriosclerosis was seen in 86.4%. 4. The worse prognostic factors were related to age(over 65), site and size of hematoma, and mental state on admission. 5. With conservative management 49.2% were improved, 6.3% not improved, 44.4% moribund or dead. 6. With surgical treatment 58.5% were improved, 3.7% not improved, 37.8% moribund or dead. 7. Microsurgical temporal approach proved to have the following advantages over frontal approach. (1) Better outcome was found in this approach(64.7% vs 54.4%). (2) The distance to the hematoma was closer in temporal approach, and so total removal of hematoma and complete control of bleeding sources with less surrounding structural damages were possible. 8. Early operation seems to be more effective than delayed operation in the cases of large hematoma with deteriorating neurological signs.
Angiography ; Arteriosclerosis ; Basal Ganglia* ; Cerebral Hemorrhage* ; Female ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do ; Male ; Protestantism ; Putamen ; Putaminal Hemorrhage ; Thalamus*

The so-called "Hereditary Multiple Exostoses" disease is characterized by hard, irregular prominences appearing in the metaphyseal region of the bones. Though transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait, skipped generation are reported and presumably represent spontaneous mutations. We experienced one case of hereditary multiple exostoses of 15 years old male patient, whose father and one brother were also affected. A brief review of related literature is also presented.
Adolescent ; Exostoses ; Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary* ; Fathers ; Humans ; Male ; Siblings

PURPOSE: Diabetic foot gangrene has a high morbidity rate and a great influence on the quality of life. Amputation is an appropriate treatment if conservative treatment is impossible according to the severity of gangrene and infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of preoperative percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for the postoperative outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From February 2013 to April 2016, among 55 patients with diabetic foot gangrene, who require surgical treatment, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed on patients with an ankle brachial index (0.9 and stenosis) 50% on angiographic computed tomography. The study subjects were 49 patients, comprised of 37 males (75.5%) and 12 females (24.5%). The mean age of the patients was 70.0±9.6 years. The treatment results were followed up according to the position and length of the lesion and the changes during the follow-up period. RESULTS: As a result of angiography, there were 13 cases of atherosclerotic lesions in the proximal part, 11 cases in the distal part and 25 cases in both the proximal and distal parts. As a result of the follow-up after angiography, in 13 patients, the operation was not performed and only follow-up and dressing were performed around the wound. Sixteen patients underwent debridement for severe gangrene lesions and 20 patients, in whom the gangrene could not be treated, underwent amputation (ray amputation or metatarsal amputation, below knee amputation). CONCLUSION: Preoperative percutaneous angioplasty in diabetic foot gangrene patients with peripheral vascular occlusive disease is simple, and 59.2% of the patients with diabetic foot gangrene could be treated by conservative treatment or debridement.
Amputation ; Angiography ; Angioplasty* ; Ankle Brachial Index ; Bandages ; Debridement ; Diabetic Foot* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gangrene* ; Humans ; Knee ; Male ; Metatarsal Bones ; Quality of Life ; Wounds and Injuries

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Add on adefovir (ADV) to ongoing lamivudine (LAM) has been recommended as a standard therapy for the treatment of LAM resistance. In the past, switch to ADV monotherapy was suggested as an option for the treatment of LAM resistance, leading to frequent development of ADV resistance. However, ADV monotherapy has been still used in LAM-resistant patients because of low cost in Korea. The aims of this study were to evaluate the virologic response and virologic breakthrough during adding on LAM in LAM-resistant patients receiving ADV monotherapy. METHODS: The study population comprised 99 patients with LAM-resistance. We divided them into 3 groups (Group 1: switch to ADV monotherapy, N=58, Group 2: add on ADV to ongoing LAM, N=25, Group 3: add on LAM to ADV monotherapy, N=16). HBV DNA levels were assessed at baseline and every 3 months during therapy. Serum HBV DNA levels were measured by bDNA assay or the COBAS TaqMantrade mark HBV test. RESULTS: The median treatment duration for group 1, group 2, and group 3 was 42.0, 20.6, and 31.8 (18.7 mon. of ADV+13.1 mon. of LAM) months, respectively. Cumulative rate of virologic breakthrough in group 1 was 5.2%, 19.0%, and 25.9% at 12, 24, and 36 months of treatment, respectively. Virologic breakthrough was not detected in group 2 and group 3 (p=0.016, group 1 vs. group 2 or 3). In group 3, median serum HBV DNA levels were 4.22 log10 copies/mL prior to LAM administration. Median serum HBV DNA changes from baseline (log10 copies/mL) were -0.91, -1.93, -1.87 and -1.74 at week 12, 24, 36 and 48, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Later add on LAM to ADV monotherapy prevented the development of ADV resistance in patients with LAM resistance effectively, comparable to ADV add on to continuing LAM therapy.
Adenine/*analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents/*pharmacology ; DNA, Viral/blood ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Hepatitis B e Antigens/blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Lamivudine/*therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phosphonic Acids/*therapeutic use

The venous thrombosis is the most common vascular event in Behcet's disease. Among the thrombotic complications of Behcet's disease, thrombosis in superior vena cava is rare, but once it happens, it may be life-threatening. In this report, we describe a case of 45-year-old female with Behcet's disease complicated by the superior vena cava thrombosis, which was treated successfully with the operation and then endovascular stenting. This case shows that endovascular stent may be one of good strategies for the management of vascular complication in Behcet's disease.
Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Stents* ; Superior Vena Cava Syndrome* ; Thrombosis ; Vena Cava, Superior* ; Venous Thrombosis

PURPOSE: To investigate the usefulness of transvaginal ultrasonographic measurement of cervical length in patients with preterm labor for prediction of preterm delivery within 7 days. METHODS: Cervical length was measured by transvaginal ultrasound in 140 women with singleton pregnancies presenting with preterm labor and intact membranes from 24(+0) to 33(+6) weeks of gestation. Other potential predictive factors, such as Bishop score, previous history of preterm delivery, and parity were assessed. RESULTS: The mean gestational age at presentation was 30.5+/-14.7 (range, 24.0 to 33.6) weeks and the mean cervical length was 29.0+/-0.9 (range, 31.0 to 52.1) mm. Delivery within 7 days occurred in 7.9% (11/140). Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curves established a cervical length of 25 mm as the most relevant cut off level for prediction of delivery within 7 days. Interval between admission and delivery was significantly short when ultrasonographic cervical length was less than or equal to 25 mm. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the significant independent risk factors were cervical length < or =25 mm (OR: 24.64, 95% Cl: 2.97~204.20, P=0.003). CONCLUSION: Ultrasonographic cervical length measurement is a useful tool for prediction of progression to preterm delivery within 7 days with patients with preterm labor.
Cervical Length Measurement ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Lipids ; Logistic Models ; Membranes ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; Risk Factors