A case of multiple myeloma with massive pleural effusion is reported. A 53 year-old previous known multiple myeloma patient vistited our hospital complaining of cough with sputum. Radiologic study revealed multiple osteolytic bony lesions and left side pleural effusion. The effusion were bloody exudates containing numerous atypical plasma cells. The tumor cells showed pleomorphism, eccentric nuclei, prominent nucleoli, perinuclear halo, multincleation, and chromatin patterns of occasional cart-wheel appearance. The cytological examination of pleural fluid established the malignant nature of the effusion with multiple myeloma.
Biopsy* ; Chromatin ; Cough ; Enzyme Assays* ; Exudates and Transudates ; Glycogen Storage Disease* ; Glycogen* ; Humans ; Lung ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; Plasma Cells ; Pleural Effusion ; Sputum

No abstract available.
Humans ; Male ; Nursing* ; Urinary Incontinence*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an Oriental self-help group program on living-alone elders in rural areas. METHOD: A one-group pretest-post test design was used. The subjects of the experimental group participated in the oriental self-help program, health education, feet bathing in hot water, cupping therapy, and foot-reflexology. The obtained data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test and Pearson correlation coefficients of SPSS. RESULTS: 1) The level of blood triglyceride, SGOT and glucose decreased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. 2) The scores of depression and stress decreased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. 3) The score of Yangsaeng increased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. 4) Depression was higher when the score of stress was high, and the score of depression and stress were lower when the score of Yangsaeng was high. CONCLUSION: Considering the results of this research, the program is effective in improving physiological indexes partially, emotional indexes and Yangsaeng. Therefore this program can be implemented as a community-based self-help group program for living-alone elders in rural areas.
Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Baths ; Depression ; Foot ; Glucose ; Health Education ; Health Promotion ; Self-Help Groups* ; Triglycerides ; Water

OBJECTIVES: The study was performed to examine the dietary behaviors and life stress of middle school students in the Gyeonggi area. METHODS: A total of 580 middle school students (295males, 285 females) in the Gyeonggi area participated in the study between July and August in 2011. The study was a questionnaire-based survey that included dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and life stress. RESULTS: For dietary habits, the score for drinking milk was higher in male students than in female students, whereas the score for eating fruits was higher in female students compared to male students. There were significant differences in foods eaten and preferred under stress between male and female students. Male students showed significantly less changes in the number of meals, amount of meal intake, number of snacks, snack intake, frequency of overeating, and appetite during stress than female students. Life stress score of students largely came from academic factors, and female students showed higher stress levels in personal and surrounding environment factors than male students. Life stress score was significantly lower in students with high and moderate levels of dietary habits than in students with a low level of dietary habits. Total score for dietary habits and scores for eating adequate amounts of foods for each meal, considering a combination of food groups at each meal and eating green and orange vegetables, were significantly negatively correlated with life stress score. Life stress score was significantly negatively correlated with meal regularity and positively with the level of overeating. CONCLUSIONS: This study may provide basic information on dietary habits and life stress according to gender and the relationship between dietary behaviors and life stress of middle school students, and it suggests gender-based nutrition education programs to solve undesirable dietary habits and dietary behaviors in students with higher stress.
Appetite ; Citrus sinensis ; Drinking ; Eating ; Education ; Female ; Food Habits ; Fruit ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Hyperphagia ; Male ; Meals ; Milk ; Snacks ; Stress, Psychological ; Vegetables

BACKGROUND: As Koreans have had great enthusiasm for education traditionally, most students have excessive anxiety about tests and such anxiety may cause several physical and psychological problems. But there are few studies on the relationship between test anxiety and family function. Therefore, in this study, we tried to figure out the relationship between test anxiety and family function in order to treat and educate patients who have excessive test anxiety. METHODS: In a survey study, the Korean Version of Test Anxiety Inventory and Olson's FACES III was administered to the 220 second year high school students of a single high school who live in Pusan. Two groups of students with high and low test anxiety levels (52 in each group) were selected based on the test anxiety scale ratings and analysis of their family adaptability and cohesion. RESULTS: In FACES III adaptability of high test anxiety group, there were 15 cases (28.8%) for rigid, 23 cases (44.2%) for structured, 11 cases (21.2%) for flexible and 3 cases (5.8%) for chaotic familes. In that of low test anxiety group, 2 cases (3.8%) for rigid, 16 cases (30.8%) for structured, 24 cases (46.2%) for flexible and 10 cases (19.2%) for chaotic familes. In FACES III cohesion of high test anxiety group, there were 2 cases (3.8%) for disengaged, 14 cases (26.9%) for separated, 20 cases (38.5%) for connected and 16 cases (30.8%) for enmeshed familes. In that of low test anxiety group 18 cases (34.6%) for disengaged, 22 cases (42.3%) for separated, 8 cases (15.4%) for connected and 4 cases (7.7%) for enmeshed familes. In FACES III family type of high test anxiety group, there were 24 cases (46.2%) for balanced, 20 cases (38.4%) for mid range and 8 cases (15.4%) for extreme familes. In that of low test anxiety group 24 cases (46.2%) for balanced, and 22 cases (42.3%) for mid range and 6 cases (11.5%) for extreme familes. CONCLUSION: Cohesion scale of high test anxiety group was higher than that of low test anxiety group and adaptability scale of low test anxiety group was higher than that of high test anxiety group.
Anxiety* ; Busan ; Education ; Humans ; Test Anxiety Scale

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Altered environmental gravity, including both hypo- and hypergravity, may result in space adaptation syndrome. To explore the characteristics of this adaptive plasticity, the expression of immediate early gene c-fos mRNA in the vestibular system following an exposure to hypergravity stimulus was determined in rats. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The animals were subjected to 2 G force (two-fold earth's gravity) stimulus for 3 hours, and were examined at post-stimulus hours 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24. Real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was adopted to analyze temporal changes in the expression of c-fos mRNA. RESULTS: The hypergravity stimulation produced the expression of c-fos mRNA in the vestibular ganglion, medial vestibular nucleus, inferior vestibular nucleus, hippocampus, vestibulocerebellum, and vestibular cortex. The peak expression occurred at hour 6 in the animals hypergravity-stimulated for 3 hours. Bilateral labyrinthectomy significantly attenuated the degree of up-regulation in c-fos mRNA expression. MK-801, an NMDA receptor antagonist, also significantly attenuated the degree of up-regulation in c-fos mRNA expression. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the adaptive neuroplasticity in response to an altered gravity occurs in the vestibular-related organs in the central nervous system, in which peripheral vestibular receptors and NMDA receptors play an important role.
Animals ; Central Nervous System ; Dizocilpine Maleate ; Ganglion Cysts ; Genes, fos ; Gravitation ; Hippocampus ; Hypergravity* ; N-Methylaspartate ; Neuronal Plasticity* ; Plastics ; Rats ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; RNA, Messenger ; Space Motion Sickness ; Up-Regulation ; Vestibular Nuclei

BACKGROUND: When organ transplantation or HLA-matched platelet transfusion is considered, accu-rate identification of HLA antibody specificity in the recipient's serum is very important. In this study, we report our experience in an international quality control program. METHODS: For external quality control in a HLA antibody test, the International Serum Exchange Program distributes serum samples, generally showing polyspecific reactivity for cross-reactive epitope groups (CREGs), to participating laboratories: 4 samples per survey, 10 surveys per year. Participating in the program from May 1998 to August 2000 (24 surveys), we performed HLA antibody identification of 96 serum samples by the AHG-CDC (anti-human globulin-complement dependent cytotoxicity) method using frozen lymphocyte trays (36 lymphocyte panels). We compared the results of our laboratory with those of the total participants (all methods combined, 72 to 92 laboratories per survey) using the analyzed survey results distributed by the program organizer. RESULTS: We analyzed the survey results for the antibodies to relatively common HLA antigens in Koreans (antigen frequency >1%). For the HLA antibodies detected in >or=20% of participants, our detection rate was higher by 10-15% than that of all laboratories (HLA-A, 76% vs 65%; HLA-B, 73% vs 57%). And for the HLA antibodies detected in >or=50% of the participants, our detection rate was as high as 88% for HLA-A and 87% for HLA-B. Our detection rate for a few antibody specificities was lower than that of all laboratories, namely HLA-A1, A3, B35, and B55. Among these, A1, A3, and B55 were of lower incidence antigens in Koreans (antigen frequency 3-4%), indicating that the low detection rate was due to a limitation in the composition of lymphocyte panels. CONCLUSIONS: In general, our detection rate of HLA antibodies was superior to the average detection rate of the total participant laboratories. We would be able to improve the low detection rate for a few antibody specificities to lower incidence antigens by refining the composition of lymphocyte panels.
Antibodies ; Antibody Specificity ; HLA Antigens ; HLA-A Antigens ; HLA-A1 Antigen ; HLA-B Antigens ; Incidence ; Lymphocytes ; Organ Transplantation ; Platelet Transfusion ; Quality Control ; Transplants

Drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis is characterized by renal interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration and commonly presents as acute renal failure. This is caused mainly by methicillin, non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, sulfonamide diuretics such as thiazide, but cases induced by furosemide are rare. We report a patient with acute interstitial nephritis causing reversible acute renal failure and dermatitis while she was taking furosemide. A 37-year old woman was referred to our hospital because of generalized skin rash and non-oliguric acute renal failure. She had peripheral eosinophilia (1,577/mm3) and serum creatinine level of 6.8mg/dL. Skin biopsy showed leukoclastic vasculitis and percutaneous renal biopsy showed severe interstitial infiltration of lymph ocyte and mild interstitial fibrosis with focal tubular atrophy. After withdrawal of furosemide, renal function and skin lesions were completely recovered.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Adult ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Creatinine ; Dermatitis ; Diuretics ; Eosinophilia ; Exanthema ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Furosemide* ; Humans ; Methicillin ; Nephritis, Interstitial* ; Skin ; Vasculitis

Migration of inflammatory cells into damaged tissue is essential to host defense mechanisms and immune responses. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), a member of the CC or beta-chemokine family is a powerful leukocyte recruitment factor that is relatively specific for monocyte/macrophage. The purpose of present study was to evaluate temporal change of expression of mRNA for MCP-1 in the sciatic nerve and hindlimb muscle of Sprague-Dawley rat. The mid-portion of the sciatic nerve was exposed, cut under aseptic condition and then animals were sacrificed 1, 2, 3, 7, 14 days after denervation of the sciatic nerve. Semiquantitative RT-PCR method and image analysis system were used to analyze change in expression of mRNA for MCP-1. Expression of mRNA for MCP-1 in the distal stump of the denervated sciatic nerve was up-regulated within 1 day and peaked on the second day following transection of the sciatic nerve. Thereafter high expression of mRNA for MCP-1 lasted for 7 days after transection of the nerve. However the expression of mRNA for MCP-1 was rapidly decreased on the 14th day after denervation. Temporal change of expression of mRNA for MCP-1 in the proximal portion of the denervated sciatic nerve was very similar with that of distal one. The gastrocnemius muscle also showed significant increase in expression of mRNA for MCP-1 on the 1st day with maximal expression on the 7th day after denervation of the sciatic nerve. In contrast, the expression of mRNA for MCP-1 in the soleus muscle was lower than the gastrocnemius muscle in the course of the denervation-induced atrophy. Additionally alpha-lipoic acid, a potent antioxidant that is used in treatment for diabetic neuropathy, suppressed significantly expression of mRNA for MCP-1 in the denervated sciatic nerve but not in atrophied hindlimb muscles.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Chemokine CCL2* ; Defense Mechanisms ; Denervation* ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; Hindlimb* ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; Monocytes* ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscles ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; RNA, Messenger* ; Sciatic Nerve* ; Thioctic Acid

BACKGROUND: Anterior cerebellar artery (AICA) occlusion results in vestibular dysfunctions because the AICA supplies the vestibular nuclei (VN) in the brain stem as well as the peripheral vestibular organs in the inner ear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of immediate-early gene products, a metabolic marker of neural excitation in neurons, by AICA occlusion in the VN of Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS: After chloral hydrate anesthesia all animals were subjected to unilateral AICA occlusion by using a microsurgical clamp for 30 min to induce a transient ischemia. Unilateral labyrinthectomy was chemically undertaken to eliminate vestibular afferent activity. Immunohistochemical staining and image analysis for cFos, FosB, Krox-24, and JunB proteins were performed 2 hours after AICA occlusion. RESULTS: There was a high expression of cFos protein in the bilateral medial and inferior VN 2 hours after AICA occlusion. AICA occlusion induced minimal changes in cFos protein expression in the lateral and superior VN. Mild to moderate expressions of FosB and JunB protein in VN was observed 2 hours after ischemic injury of the brain stem and inner ear. On the contrary, the number of cFos and FosB immunoreactive neurons significantly decreased in the medial vestibular nucleus ipsilateral to the injured labyrinth 2 hours after AICA occlusion in the UL group. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that ischemic afferent activity from the peripheral vestibular apparatus is essential for the expression of immediate-early gene products in the medial and inferior VN of rats following AICA occlusion.
Anesthesia ; Animals ; Arteries* ; Brain Stem ; Chloral Hydrate ; Ear, Inner ; Equipment and Supplies ; Genes, Immediate-Early* ; Ischemia ; Neurons ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley* ; Vestibular Nuclei* ; Vestibule, Labyrinth