A total of 213 fine needle aspirations from pulmonary lesions in 193 patients performed from January, 1986 to March, 1989 were analyzed. The cytologic diagnoses were unsatisfactory in 10, negative in 60, atypical in 6, suspicious in 11 and malignant in 126 cases. The cytologic types of the malignant cases were 47 squamous cell carcinomas, 40 adenocarcinomas, 10 small cell carcinomas, 6 large cell carcinomas and 10 metastatic tumors. They were verified by the histologic confirmation in 31 cases and by the clinical data in the remainder. There were 5 false-negative cases and none was false-positive, representing 96% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Primary lung cancers were accurately typed in 73% of histologically confirmed case. Cell blocks, prepared in 99 cases, were helpful in tumor typing of 11 cases.
Neoplasm Metastasis ; Lung Neoplasms

Painful periarticular calcification most commonly occurs within the rotator cuff of the shoulder and rarely around the elbow, hip, foot, and neck. As acute inflammatory reaction develops, severe pain, exquisite tenderness, local swelling, and limitation of motion with pain occur. In case of calcific tendinitis of the shoulder, it can be easily diagnosed according to the symptoms and with x-ray. However, in lesions of the hip, as it is a rare location and usually involves pain in the posterolateral aspect of the thigh, which can simulate radicular pain from a lumbar intervertebral disc, it could be difficult to diagnose. Hence, physicians usually focus on lumbar lesions; therefore, misdiagnosis is common and leads to a delayed management. Here, we report the case of a 30-year-old female patient with calcific tendinitis of the rectus femoris that was successfully managed with ultrasound-guided steroid injection. This study offers knowledge about the rectus femoris calcification.
Adult ; Diagnostic Errors ; Elbow ; Female ; Foot ; Hip ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Neck ; Quadriceps Muscle* ; Rotator Cuff ; Shoulder ; Tendinopathy ; Thigh ; Ultrasonography

A 22-year-old man was admitted with gradually aggravating stereotypic head movement with hypomania. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a large suprasellar arachnoid cyst extending into the third ventricle, with obstructive hydrocephalus, characteristic of bobble-head doll syndrome. Endoscopic fenestration of the suprasellar arachnoid cyst was performed. Stereotypic head movement stopped immediately after surgery and hypomanic symptoms gradually improved within a month. During 4 years of follow-up observation without medication, neuropsychiatric symptoms did not relapse. We report our experience of surgically treating stereotypy and hypomania in a case of bobble-head doll syndrome and discuss the possible neuropsychiatric mechanisms of this rare disease.
Arachnoid ; Arachnoid Cysts ; Bipolar Disorder ; Brain ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head Movements ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Rare Diseases ; Recurrence ; Third Ventricle ; Young Adult

Pulmonary artery aneurysms are extremely rare. Even though their etiology or mechanism remain uncertain, congetial anenrysms follow the congenital heart defects which elevate the pulmonary artery pressure or increase the pulmonary blood flow and acquired aneurysms are developed by syphilis, mycotic change and atherosclerosis. Pulmonary artery aneurysms involve the artery trunk rupture and exanguination if untreated, there has been an emphasis in the need for surgical intervention whenever the diagnosis is made regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms. Here we report a case of patient ductus arterious associated with main pulmonary artery aneurysm in 39 year old female patient with review of literatures.
Adult ; Aneurysm* ; Arteries ; Atherosclerosis ; Diagnosis ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent* ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Rupture ; Syphilis

The diagnosis and appropriate management of blunt abdominal trauma including retroperitoneal hematoma associated head injury is difficult. In our case, psoas muscle hematoma was revealed during the evaluation of fever. Psoas muscle hematoma most commonly results secondarily from coagulation defect or from retroperitoneal bleeding into the psoas sheath. The presenting signs and symptoms of this case are hypotension and anemia. Pain is also present in the back or abdomen. If it is associated with head injury and not presented massive hemorrhage, the actual diagnosis is not easy. The appropriate management depends on a careful initial evaluation including suspicion of physician, repetitive physical examination, the timely use of diagnostic procedures.
Abdomen ; Anemia ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Diagnosis ; Fever ; Head* ; Hematoma* ; Hemorrhage ; Hypotension ; Physical Examination ; Psoas Muscles

PURPOSE: We wanted to investigate the grip and pinch strength of hands and establish the clinical normative data for Korean people. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A sample of 234 Korean males and 281 Korean females (age: 10 to 84) were tested. Grip strength and pinch strength were tested twice with 5 minute interval between tests. RESULTS: Generally, hand strength peaked at 30 to 39 of age for both males and females. The average grip strength was 48.8 kg for males and 28.23 kg for females and they were 11% stronger than 12 years before in both groups. Tip pinch strength peaked in the forties, but key pinch and tripod pinch peaked in the thirties. All the peak hand strength was obtained in the 30 to 39 age group of females. Among the pinch strengths, key pinch was the strongest. For the right-handed people, the grip and pinch strengths of the right hand were stronger than those of the left hand. However, for the left-handed people, the left hand was stronger than the right hand only for the tripod pinch (p<0.005). CONCLUSION: The hand strength of Koreans peaked in the 30 to 39 age group. Key pinch was the strongest among the three pinch strengths. Right-handed people have a stronger right hand than the left hand, but the left-handed people have almost the same hand strength in both hands, except for the tripod pinch.
Female ; Hand ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Male ; Pinch Strength

The fungal distribution, diversity, and load were analyzed in the geographically segregated island groundwater systems in Korea. A total of 79 fungal isolates were secured from seven islands and identified based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. They belonged to three phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Chlorophyta), five classes, sixteen orders, twenty-two families, and thirty-one genera. The dominant phylum was Ascomycota (91.1%), with most fungi belonging to the Cladosporium (21.5%), Aspergillus (15.2%), and Stachybotrys (8.9%) genera. Cladosporium showed higher dominance and diversity, being widely distributed throughout the geographically segregated groundwater systems. Based on the diversity indices, the genera richness (4.821) and diversity (2.550) were the highest in the groundwater system of the largest scale. As turbidity (0.064–0.462) increased, the overall fungal count increased and the residual chlorine (0.089–0.308) had low relevance compared with the total count and fungal diversity. Cladosporium showed normal mycelial growth in de-chlorinated sterilized samples. Overall, if turbidity increases under higher fungal diversity, bio-deterioration in groundwater-supplying facilities and public health problems could be intensified, regardless of chlorine treatment. In addition to fungal indicators and analyzing methods, physical hydrostatic treatment is necessary for monitoring and controlling fungal contamination.

Pulmonary aspergillosis may present with three different features, according to the immune status of the host. These forms are invasive aspergillosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) or aspergilloma. Bronchial involvement is an uncommon type of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. We encountered an unusual case of an endobronchial aspergillosis that completely obstructed the left upper lobe, which was initially thought to be lung cancer. We report this case along with a review of the relevant literature.
Aspergillosis* ; Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary ; Bronchi* ; Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; Lung Neoplasms ; Pulmonary Aspergillosis

PURPOSE: Enterovirus (EV) infection in children can manifest various diseases from asymptomatic infection to nonspecific febrile illness, hand-foot-mouth disease, and aseptic meningitis. This study was aimed to investigate epidemiology and clinical significance of various genotypes of EV infections in pediatric inpatient. METHODS: We collected the stool samples from the admitted pediatric patients in Inha University Hospital from March 2014 to March 2015. EV detection and genotype identification were performed by real-time RT-PCR and semi-nested RT-PCR. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by neighbor joining method. RESULTS: A total of 400 samples were collected during study period and 112 patients (28%) were diagnosed with EV infections. The mean age of EV positive patients was 2.66 years (0.1-14) and sex ratio was 1.73:1. Genetic sequences of EVs were identified; coxsackievirus B5 (17, 15.2%), coxsackievirus A16 (13, 11.6%), enterovirus 71 (10, 8.9%), and coxsackievirus A2 (9, 8.0%). Nonspecific febrile illness (96, 86%) was the most common clinical manifestation and the duration of fever was 0-11 days (mean 3.1 days). Rash (44, 39%) and meningitis (43, 38%) were followed. Patients who were attending daycare center or had siblings accounted for 82.1%. Phylogenetic relationship tree revealed 6 distinct genogroups among 56 types of EVs. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the report of epidemiology, serotype distribution and clinical manifestations of children with EV infection in Incheon. This data will be helpful for further study about the epidemiology of EV infection in Korea.
Asymptomatic Infections ; Child ; Enterovirus* ; Epidemiology* ; Exanthema ; Fever ; Genotype ; Humans ; Incheon* ; Inpatients* ; Korea ; Meningitis ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; Sex Ratio ; Siblings ; Trees

A thermal neutron beam facility utilizing a typical tangential beam port for Neutron Capture Therapy was installed at the HANARO, 30 MW multi-purpose research reactor. Mixed beams with different physical characteristics and relative biological effectiveness would be emitted from the BNCT irradiation facility, so a quantitative analysis of each component of the mixed beams should be performed to determine the accurate delivered dose. Thus, various techniques were applied including the use of activation foils, TLDs and ionization chambers. All the dose measurements were performed with the water phantom filled with distilled water. The results of the measurement were compared with MCNP4B calculation. The thermal neutron fluxes were 1.02E9 n/cm2 s and 6.07E8 n/cm2 s at 10 and 20 mm depth respectively, and the fast neutron dose rate was insignificant as 0.11 Gy/hr at 10 mm depth in water. The gamma-ray dose rate was 5.10 Gy/hr at 20 mm depth in water. Good agreement within 5%, has been obtained between the measured dose and the calculated dose using MCNP for neutron and gamma component and discrepancy with 14% for fast neutron flux. Considering the difficulty of neutron detection, the current study support the reliability of these results and confirmed the suitability of the thermal neutron beam as a dosimetric data for BNCT clinical trials.
Fast Neutrons ; Neutron Capture Therapy* ; Neutrons* ; Relative Biological Effectiveness ; Water