Child ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; diagnosis ; Myocarditis ; diagnosis ; virology

OBJECTIVE: To detect the Coxsackie virus B3(CVB3) gene in myocardium and spleen tissues in viral myocarditis(VMC) with sudden death and to explore the diagnostic method for VMC by means of seeking pathogene. METHODS: By in situ RT-PCR, the detection of CVB3 gene in myocardium and spleen sections were performed in sudden death group caused by VMC and non-cardiac death group. RESULTS: In VMC group, CVB3 gene-positive signals were seen in myocardium sections(3 out of total 8 cases, No. 1, 4, 7 cases) and spleen sections(4 out of total 8 cases, No. 2, 4, 6, 7 cases). In non-cardiac death group, no positive signals were detected in both myocardium and spleen tissues. CONCLUSION Positive detection of CVB3 gene in both myocardium and spleen maybe an important character of VMC and can improve the detecting pathogene in diagnosing VMC.
Death, Sudden ; Enterovirus B, Human/genetics* ; Heart/virology* ; Humans ; Myocarditis/virology* ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Spleen/virology*

OBJECTIVETo further select the items based on the pre-test version of quality of life scale in patients with viral myocarditis.

METHODSTotally 100 patients with viral myocarditis were enrolled in this study. Methodologies including frequency distribution, discrete trend, t-test, Cronbach's α coefficient, correlation coefficient and factor analysis were applied to select items from different perspectives.

RESULTSA total of 17 items were selected by frequency distribution method from the perspective of central tendency, 15 items were selected by discrete trend method from the perspective of sensitivity, 16 items were selected by t-test method from the perspective of sensitivity and discrimination, 16 items were selected by Cronbach's α coefficient method from the perspective of internal consistency, 12 items were selected by correlation coefficient method from the perspective of representation and independence, and 18 items were selected by factor analysis method from the perspective of representation.

CONCLUSIONItem selection of quality of life scale in patients with viral myocarditis was successfully conducted based on the clinical epidemiological data using a variety of statistical methods.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Myocarditis ; virology ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To study the value of Fibronectin(Fn) immunohistochemical staining for diagnosing slight viral myocarditis. METHODS: The heart samples of human with myocarditis were studied by using LSAB immunohistochemical staining with anti-fibronectin antibody. RESULTS: Dense deposition was found in the myocardium of human with myocarditis. Some Fn-positive cardiomyocytes were observed. CONCLUSION Slight degeneration of cardiomyocytes could be identified by Fn-LSAB immunohistochemical staining and Fn-deposition is one of the reliable marks for inflammation in the myocardium.
Autopsy ; Death, Sudden/pathology* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fibronectins/metabolism* ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Myocarditis/virology* ; Myocardium/pathology* ; Staining and Labeling

To study the diagnostic method of slight viral myocarditis in the field of forensic pathology, slight viral myocarditis model was induced in Balb/c murine by coxsackie virus B3. Organs of hearts, livers, spleens, lungs and kidneys were examined through routine pathological methods. Pathological changes at different levels of these organs were observed. The results indicated that viral myocarditis was a kind of disease with multiple organ alterations and that the pathological observation and comprehensive analysis of multiple organs was one of the useful methods for diagnosing slight viral myocarditis.
Animals ; Coxsackievirus Infections/pathology* ; Female ; Forensic Medicine ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Myocarditis/virology*

OBJECTIVETo study the incidence of viraemia and extraintestinal organ damage in children with acute rotavirus (RV) gastroenteritis.

METHODSEighty-three children with acute rotavirus gastroenteritis were hospitalized from October 2002 to March 2003, whose blood and fecal samples were obtained on admission. Rotavirus RNA (encoding the VP7 outer capsid protein) were detected in blood and fecal samples by nest reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). According to the result of blood RV-RNA, the patients were divided into RV-RNA positive group and RV-RNA negative group. The differences between these two groups in the severity of gastroenteritis and extraintestinal organ damage were analyzed.

RESULTSEighty-two of 83 stool samples from the children with rotavirus infection were positive for rotavirus RNA. Sixteen of 83 blood samples were positive for rotavirus RNA with a positive rate of 19.3%. The nucleotide sequence of cloned cDNAs, resembling part of the VP7 gene, was identical from paired blood and fecal samples. There were no significant differences between blood RV-RNA positive group and blood RV-RNA negative group in the rate and degree of fever, diarrhea, dehydration, metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia and myocardial damage (P>0.05); while the incidences of liver damage, rash, lower respiratory tract infection and the central nervous system involvement in the blood RV-RNA positive group were significantly higher than those in the blood RV-RNA negative group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONViraemia is present in the children with acute rotavirus gastroenteritis. Viraemia might be an important mechanism by which rotavirus spread to the extraintestinal sites resulting in organs damage.

Base Sequence ; Enteritis ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Myocarditis ; virology ; Pneumonia ; virology ; Prospective Studies ; Rotavirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Rotavirus Infections ; virology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Viremia ; virology

Group B coxsackieviruses (CVBs) are a group of common human pathogens producing various clinical symptoms. Although the virology of CVB is well known, there is limited information on viral pathogenesis and the relationship between clinical symptoms and viral phenotype, particularly for CVB type 2 (CVB2). In 2004 in Korea, two CVB2 strains were isolated: CB2/04/279 from stool of an acute myocarditis patient with heart failure and CB2/04/243 from an aseptic meningitis patient. In this study, a high degree of homology was observed between the CB2/04/279 and CB2/04/243 full genome sequences. The two Korean CVB2 isolates had 93.1% homology compared to 82.1%–82.5% nucleotide sequence identity with the cardiovirulence-associated reference CVB strain Ohio-1 (CVB/O). CVB2-induced pathogenesis was analyzed, focusing on virus-induced pathology of various tissues in 4-week-old BALB/c inbred male mice. Myocarditis developed and extensive pancreatic inflammation was observed in all mice infected with CB2/04/279 or CVB/O, but not in animals infected with CB2/04/243. This is the first report of the full-genomic sequence and pathogenesis of the CVB2 strain isolated from an acute myocarditis patient in Korea.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; Enterovirus ; Genome ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Korea* ; Male ; Meningitis, Aseptic* ; Mice* ; Myocarditis* ; Pathology ; Phenotype ; Virology

OBJECTIVETo establish a BALB/c mice model system of cytomegalovirus-induced myocarditis.

METHODSTwenty five specific pathogen-free inbred female BALB/c mice (5 weeks old, 16 - 18 g, seronegative for MCMV) were infected with 1 x 10(4) PFU MCMV by the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route. All experimental mice were sacrificed at 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 days i.p. (n = 5 per time point). Hearts were removed under aseptic conditions, and were transected along the midline. One part of each heart was processed with Bouin's fixative for histological examination. The other part of each heart was immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 degrees C until MCMV titre was determined by plaque assay. Serum cTnI level was assayed by ELISA.

RESULTSMCMV was detected in the hearts at extremely low levels on 3 days i.p. and could not be detected on 10 days i.p. A mixed cellular infiltrate composed of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and mononuclear lymphocytes was observed on 3 days, which reached a peak at 7 to 10 days after MCMV infection and was maintained for at least 3 - 4 months postinfection. Serum cTnI levels were elevated on 3 days i.p., reaching a peak at 7 to 10 days i.p..

CONCLUSIONSThese data highlight the possible therapeutic uses of antiviral drugs in viral myocarditis as well as further elucidating the pathogenic nature of the disease.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Herpesviridae Infections ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Muromegalovirus ; Myocarditis ; virology ; Troponin I ; metabolism

Acute Disease ; Atrial Fibrillation ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Infant ; Myocarditis ; complications ; virology ; Virus Diseases ; complications

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Myocarditis ; drug therapy ; virology ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; Virus Diseases ; drug therapy