Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/adverse effects* ; Myocarditis/drug therapy*

Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects* ; Carcinoma ; Esophageal Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Myocarditis/chemically induced*

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Myocarditis ; drug therapy ; virology ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; Virus Diseases ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of deoxyribonucleotidum in treatment of acute viral myocarditis.

METHODSEighty-eight patients with acute viral myocarditis were randomized equally into therapeutic group and control group. Patients in the control group were treated with routine treatment and those in the therapeutic group were given deoxyribonucleotidum in addition to routine treatment. After 4 weeks, the total efficacy rate and median time of symptom disappearance were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe total efficacy rate in the control and therapeutic groups was 79.54% and 95.45% (P=0.049), and the median time of symptom disappearance was 9.5 days and 6.5 days, respectively (P=0.035). Hypotension and mild dizziness were found in 2 patients in the therapeutic group without other severe side effects.

CONCLUSIONDeoxyribonucleotidum can improve the therapeutic effect for acute viral myocarditis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Deoxyribonucleotides ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocarditis ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Virus Diseases ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo review the experimental drugs for the treatment of autoimmune myocarditis.

DATA SOURCESThe literatures published in English about different kinds of experimental drugs based on different therapeutic mechanisms for the treatment of autoimmune myocarditis were obtained from PubMed from 2002 to 2013.

STUDY SELECTIONOriginal articles regarding the experimental drugs for treatment of autoimmune myocarditis were selected.

RESULTSThis study summarized the effects of the experimental drugs for the treatment of autoimmune myocarditis, such as immunomodulators and immunosuppressants, antibiotics, Chinese medicinal herbs, cardiovascular diseases treatment drugs, etc. These drugs can significantly attenuate autoimmune myocarditis-induced inflammation and fibrosis, alleviate autoimmune myocarditis-triggered overt lymphocyte proliferation, and meanwhile reduce Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-2) and increase Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10).

CONCLUSIONThis study summarized recent advances in autoimmune myocarditis treatment and further proposes that traditional Chinese medicine and immune regulators will play important roles in the future.

Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Investigational ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Myocarditis ; drug therapy ; Therapies, Investigational ; trends

To evaluate the pharmacoeconomic value of Qidong Yixin Oral Liquid in the treatment of viral myocarditis(Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome) by supplementing Qi, nourishing the heart, calming the mind, and relieving palpitation, the present study performed the Meta-analysis based on the published papers on Qidong Yixin Oral Liquid by AMSTAR and carried out pharmacoeconomic evaluation using TreeAge Pro by the cost-effectiveness analysis. The results showed that the quality of the included papers was good. After four weeks of treatment, Qidong Yixin Oral Liquid combined with the conventional treatment regimen was superior to the conventional treatment in improving creatine kinase isoenzyme, and the difference was statistically significant. Furthermore, the treatment cost was also higher than that of conventional treatment, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of CNY 95.89, accounting for 0.30% of per capita disposable income. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the research results were robust. Therefore, based on the assumption that the per capita disposable income in 2020 was the threshold of patients' willingness to pay, it is more economical for patients with viral myocarditis to use Qidong Yixin Oral Liquid combined with conventional secondary prevention regimen than conventio-nal secondary prevention regimen alone. The economic evaluation of Qidong Yixin Oral Liquid in the treatment of viral myocarditis will help physicians and patients choose optimal treatment options, improve rational clinical medication, and provide references for the efficient allocation and utilization of medical resources in China.
Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Economics, Pharmaceutical ; Humans ; Myocarditis/drug therapy* ; Qi ; Yin Deficiency/drug therapy*

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a negative regulatory factor antibody, which activates T cells to play an anti-tumor effect in immunotherapy, and can also cause immune-related adverse responses, thereby inducing a series of immune related adverse events (irAEs). Among these irAEs, although the incidence of ICIs-related myocarditis is very low, the fatality rate is significantly higher than other adverse reactions, close to 50%. Clinicians should be vigilant when applying ICIs, but the pathogenesis of ICIs-related myocarditis is still unclear. This article combines the recent research results of ICIs to summarize the mechanism and clinical manifestations of ICIs-related myocarditis, so as to improve clinicians' understanding of the adverse reactions.
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Biomedical Research/trends* ; Cardiotoxicity/physiopathology* ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; Immunotherapy/adverse effects* ; Myocarditis/physiopathology* ; Neoplasms/drug therapy*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) (2R)-2-[5-[4-[ ethyl-methylamino] phenyl [thiophene-2-sulfonylamino]-3-methylbutyric acid (TISAM) therapeutic effect on experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) in Lewis rats.

METHODSTreatment protocol of oral administration of 5 mg/kg TISAM once a day for 14 days was performed on EAM Lewis rats. EAM Lewis rats were divided into 3 groups: treatment in early, middle and later stage respectively (n = 20). After experiment at the designate time point, the rats were euthanatized and hearts were harvested. Cardiac inflammatory score, fibrosis score and content, and infiltration of macrophages and T lyminflammatory score, fibrosis score and content, and infiltration of macrophages and T lymphocytes, message RNA (mRNA) expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 and protein activity of gelatinase were determined.

RESULTSTISAM treatment in early phase was invalid (treatment started from the creation of the model), treatment in middle and later phase was effective (treatment started from 7 and 14 day after the creation of the model).

CONCLUSIONInhibitor of MMP-2 can block ventricular remodeling in middle stage in EAM Lewis rats. The mechanism maybe alleviate the inflammatory cell cardiac infiltration, decrease the mRNA expression of MMP-2 at transcript level and downregulate gelatinase activity at protein level.

Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases ; drug therapy ; Female ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Myocarditis ; drug therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Thiophenes ; therapeutic use

Animals ; Ascorbic Acid ; therapeutic use ; Coxsackievirus Infections ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Myocarditis ; drug therapy ; mortality ; virology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; therapeutic use ; Survival Rate

Adult ; Ascorbic Acid ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Myocarditis ; drug therapy ; virology ; Phytotherapy ; Virus Diseases ; drug therapy