1.Phytoestrogens in application prospect of treatment of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Guang LI ; Xiao-yan XING ; Mei-shuang ZHANG ; Jin-jin SHI ; Xue-hong DENG ; Gui-bo SUN ; Xiao-bo SUN
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2015;40(16):3132-3136
Reperfusion is the most effective treatment for acute myocardial infarction, markedly reducing mortality and morbidity. Reperfusion however induces necrotic and apoptotic damages to cardiomyocytes, that were viable prior to reperfusion, a process called myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury(MI/RI). Over the past 30 years, hundreds of experimental interventions (both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic) have been reported to protect the ischemic myocardium in experimental animals; however, with the exception of early reperfusion, none has been translated into clinical practice. The population-based survey assessed men have about twice the total incidence of morbidity and mortality of women, and the sex gap in morbidity tends to diminish after age 45 years. So hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is given to treat the MI/RI, and lots of studies shows that the side effect is greater for estrogen, compared with phyestrogen. In this article, we review the important pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury, the prevention and limitations of HRT. And we highlight the mechanism of phyestrogens treatment the MI/RI in experiment. The aim is to provide the theoretically new way of develop the safe and effective products for the researchers.
Animals
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Humans
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Myocardial Ischemia
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drug therapy
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Myocardial Reperfusion Injury
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drug therapy
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Phytoestrogens
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administration & dosage
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Plant Extracts
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administration & dosage
6.Thinking on the prevention and treatment of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by Chinese medicine therapy of activating blood circulation and removing stasis.
Hua HU ; Zheng-de HUANG ; De-sheng ZHOU
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine 2010;30(12):1310-1316
In this paper, the theoretical and experimental researches concerning the prevention and treatment of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by Chinese medicine (CM) therapy of activating blood circulation and removing stasis in recent five years were reviewed, and the mechanisms were summarized. Thereby, based upon the current development of molecular biology and application of new technology, the authors offered their suggestions on the emphasized points and methods of present CM study in this scope.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal
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therapeutic use
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Humans
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Medicine, Chinese Traditional
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methods
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Myocardial Ischemia
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drug therapy
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Myocardial Reperfusion Injury
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drug therapy
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prevention & control
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Phytotherapy
8.Effect of tongxinluo on mini-swine cytokines and myocardial no-reflow in early reperfusion of acute myocardial infarction.
Hai-Tao ZHANG ; Yue-Jin YANG ; Yu-Tong CHENG
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine 2009;29(9):821-824
OBJECTIVETo assess the effect of Tongxinluo on cytokines and myocardial no-reflow in early reperfusion of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
METHODSForty mini-swine were divided into five groups randomly, sham group, control group, low dose (0.1 g/kg), medium dose (0.2 g/kg) and high dose (0. 4 g/kg) group of Tongxinluo (which were administered 2 h before reperfusion), eight swine in each group. Animals except those in the sham group were subjected to 1.5 h of coronary occlusion followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Serum contents of P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 10 (IL-10), as well as myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) were evaluated at baseline, and after 1.5 h of AMI and 3 h of reperfusion.
RESULTS(1) Compared with that of the control group, high dose of Tongxinluo could reduce serum contents of P-selectin and ICAM-1 at 1.5 h of AMI (all P<0.05), and P-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and IL-6 at 3 h of reperfusion significantly (all P< 0.05), accompanied by significantly elevated IL-10 (P<0.05). (2) Compared with that of control group, high dose of Tongxinluo could reduce no-reflow area at 3 h of reperfusion significantly [(6.59 +/- 1.73) cm2 vs (4.68 +/- 1.53) cm2, P<0.05].
CONCLUSIONHigh dose of Tongxinluo could effectively reduce serum contents of adhesion and pro-inflammatory cytokines, regulate anti-inflammatory factor levels, and attenuate no-reflow area in the early reperfusion of AMI. It thus provided experimental basis for its clinical application.
Animals ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Myocardial Reperfusion ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; P-Selectin ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature
9.Role of spinal MAPK-ERK signal pathway in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Meng JIANG ; Lin WANG ; Hai-He JIANG
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 2013;15(5):387-391
OBJECTIVETo explore the role of spinal MAPK-ERK signal pathway in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.
METHODSSixty male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats (80-100 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham (n=10), PD98059 (n=25) and I/R groups (n=25). Three days after successful intrathecal implantation, 5 μg DMSO was injected intrathecally into the sham group, and then the left coronary arteries were separated without being tied. Rats in the I/R and PD98059 groups were injected with 5 μL DMSO and PD98059 (5 μg) 30 minutes before thoractomy respectively. Then the left coronary artery was tied for 30 minutes followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion. After the experiments, the ERK phosphorylation condition of T1-T4 spinal cord segments was detected with immunofluorescence; the myocardiac apoptosic index and infarct size were measured.
RESULTSExpression of p-ERK in the I/R group was significantly higher than in the sham and PD98059 groups (P<0.05). Myocardial apoptotic index and infarct size in the PD98059 group were significantly lower than in the I/R group (P<0.05), but higher in the PD98059 group than in the sham group (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONSThe MAPK-ERK pathway in the superior thorathic spinal cord can be activated by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion and inhibition of the pathway can play a protective role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; physiology ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; etiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; Spinal Cord ; physiology
10.Effect of tongxinluo ultramicro-pulverization on myocardial post-reperfusion no-reflow in mini-swine model of acute myocardial infarction.
Yue-Jin YANG ; Jing-Jin ZHAO ; Liang MENG
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine 2006;26(1):49-53
OBJECTIVETo assess the effect of Tongxinluo (TXL) ultramicro-pulverization in preventing and treating post-reperfusion no-reflow in mini-swine model of acute myocardial infarction.
METHODSForty mini-swines were randomly divided into 5 groups, the control group, the three (low-, middle- and high-dose) TXL groups and the sham-operation group, with 8 in each group. After pigs in the three TXL groups were administered with TXL in a dose of 0.05g/kg, 0.2g/kg and 0.5g/kg once a day for 3 days respectively, they were made into acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion model by ligating left anterior descending coronary artery for 3h followed with 1h of untying. Hemodynamic examination and myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) were conducted before and after ligation, and after reperfusion, finally, pathological analysis was done.
RESULTSPost-reperfusion ventricular function injury was significantly improved in the three TXL groups, as compared with the control group, the no-reflow area determined by hemodynamic and MCE decreased from 78.5 +/- 4.4% and 82.3 +/- 1.9% in control to 43.4 +/- 3.2% and 44.6 +/- 3.3% (low-dose), 25.2 +/- 2.4% and 25.7 +/- 4.0% (middle-dose), 24.0 +/- 1.9% and 24.9 +/- 4.2% (high-dose), respectively (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and the myocardial infracted area was reduced from 98.5 +/- 1.4% to 89.8 +/- 4.6%, 80.2 +/- 3.1% and 79.9 +/- 3.1%, respectively (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONTXL ultramicro-pulverization can effectively prevent and treat no-reflow after myocardial acute infarction following reperfusion, and reduce the infracted area.
Animals ; Coronary Circulation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Phytotherapy ; Powders ; Random Allocation ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature