No abstract available.
Brain* ; Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic* ; Ultrasonography*

OBJECTIVE: Our previous study demonstrated that the placental GnRH and GnRH mRNA did not parallel the time course of hCG secretion, though it is thought to be one of the potential paracrine regulators of hCG secretion from the trophoblasts. The present study was designed to examine the potential variation in GnRH-receptor mRNA expression in the placenta, which may account for the GnRH-mediated action of hCG secretion during pregnancy. METHODS: Human placentas in firt, second, and third trimester of normal pregnancy were obtained. These placentas were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and embedded in OCT compound, and sectioned by cryostat. For in situ hybridization, S labeled RNA probes were used and followed by autoradiography. RESULTS: The GnRH-receptor mRNA signals were present in both cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast cell layers. Signal intensities varied with gestational ages and were abundant at 6-7 weeks, peaked at 9-12weeks, declined at 14 and 24 weeks, and were barely detectable at term. The present study demonstrates that GnRH-receptor mRNA exhibits changes paralleling the time course of hCG secretion during pregnancy CONCLUSION: These data provide mechanistic understanding that the paracrine/autocrine regulation of hCG secretion by placental GnRH is mediated through an increase followed by a decline in GnRH-receptor mRNA expression from the first trimester to term placenta.
Autoradiography ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Placenta* ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnancy* ; RNA Probes ; RNA, Messenger* ; Trophoblasts

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

Many patients regard tonsillectomy as a minor operation because it is performed frequently. Although tonsillectomy is considered a relatively safe surgical procedure, numerous complications have been described. The common complications are hemorrhage, infection, and following anesthesia, aspiration, cardiac arrhythmia, and laryngeal trauma. Cervicofacial emphysema and pneumomediastinum are rarely observed sequelae of surgical intervention in the upper aerodigestive tract. Although these complications resolve spontaneously in most cases, a few cases result in tension pneumothorax and other life-threatening conditions. Symptoms include chest pain, neck pain, dyspnea and odynophagia. Treatment involves frequent assessment of the airway and extent of the emphysema. The authors of the present study report of a patient who developed pneumomediastinum shortly after an adenotonsillectomy as well as a review of the related literature.
Anesthesia ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Chest Pain ; Dyspnea ; Emphysema ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Mediastinal Emphysema ; Neck Pain ; Pneumothorax ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; Tonsillectomy

Kikuchi's disease (KD), histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a rare self-limited lymphadenopathy, which usually affects young women. KD has been reported to precede, coexist with or follow the diagnosis of other entities, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), adult-onset Still's disease, Hashimoto's disease, and viral infections. In a few cases, KD is associated with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), without systemic involvement. Herein, we report the first Korean case of KD associated with lupus erythematous profundus in a 9-year-old boy.
Child ; Female ; Hashimoto Disease ; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Panniculitis, Lupus Erythematosus ; Still's Disease, Adult-Onset

Social discrimination against people with epilepsy is a common phenomenon all over the world, in spite of different cultural backgrounds. To know the public attitude toward epilepsy in Chonnam rural area, questionnaire survey was performed. Total 802 people answered to the questionnaire which consisted of 39 parts on several aspects of attitude and knowledge for epilepsy. The results were as follows; 1) In Chonnam rural area, epilepsy was a well known illness. 2) The incantatory, supernatal thinking was markedly prevalent, compared with other societies. 3) The social attitude for the jobs of epileptic people was negative even in the well controlled cases. 4) The prejudice was more serious in the lower educated people, and in the female group 5) The most important factor leading to the inadequate social attitude toward epilepsy was the knowledge, "epilepsy could not be treated." Public education and campaign for epilepsy should be considered to improve the quality of life of epileptic patients in rural areas.
Education ; Epilepsy* ; Female ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do* ; Prejudice ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Social Discrimination ; Thinking

BACKGROUND: Rotational atherectomy has been shown to be safe and efficient for the treatment of ISR, but the recurrence rate is still high. Intracoronary-irradiation after rotational atherectomy may be a reasonable approach to prevent recurrent ISR. SUBJECTS & METHODS: Fifty consecutive patients with diffuse ISR (length > 10 mm) in native coronary arteries underwent rotational atherectomy and adjunctive balloon angioplasty followed by beta irradiation using a 188Re-MAG3-filled balloon catheter. The radiation dose was 15 Gy at 1.0 mm deep into vessel wall. RESULTS: Mean length of the lesion and irradiated segment was 25.6 +/- 12.7 mm and 37.6 +/- 11.2 mm, respectively. The radiation was delivered successfully to all patients, with a mean irradiation time of 201.8 61.7 seconds. No adverse event including myocardial infarction, death, or stent thrombosis occurred during the follow-up period (mean 10.3 +/- 3.7 months) and non-target vessel revascularization was needed in one patient. Six-month binary angiographic restenosis rate was 10.4 % and loss index was 0.17 +/- 0.31. CONCLUSIONS: beta irradiation using 188Re-MAG3-filled balloon following rotational atherectomy is safe and feasible for patients with diffuse ISR, and it may improve the clinical and angiographic outcomes. Further prospective randomized trials are warranted to evaluate the synergistic effect of debulking and irradiation in patients with diffuse ISR.
Angioplasty, Balloon ; Atherectomy, Coronary* ; Catheters ; Coronary Vessels ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Recurrence ; Stents ; Thrombosis

We report a rare case of tricuspid valve and pulmonary valve endocarditis associated with a double-chambered right ventricle in an adult female with pulmonary artery aneurysm and septic pulmonary embolism by Streptococcus mitis. She was treated with aggressive antibiotic therapy followed by debridement of the infective lesion of tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve replacement using xenograft and resection of obstructing muscular bundles in right ventricle.
Adult ; Aneurysm ; Debridement ; Endocarditis* ; Endocarditis, Bacterial ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Ventricles* ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Pulmonary Valve* ; Streptococcus mitis ; Tricuspid Valve