No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

Thyroid acropachy is a rare complication of Graves' disease, manifested by clubbing of the terminal phalanges, periosteal new bone formation and overlying soft tissue swelling, It may occur when the patient is hypothyroid, euthyroid or hyperthyroid. In most cases, it is a part of the syndrome, including exophthalmos and/or pretibial myxedema. The authors have experienced one case of thyroid acropachy and report with a review of the literature review. The patient a 56-year-old female with a characteristic feathery new bone formation on the medial side of the shaft of the left first metatarsal bone and overlying soft tissue swelling. However, there was no pretibial myxedema and clubbing of fingers. She was hypothyroid and treated with systemic corticosteroid for mild pain and persistent swelling. The treatment had temporarily improved the patient's condition.
Exophthalmos ; Female ; Fingers ; Graves Disease ; Humans ; Metatarsal Bones ; Middle Aged ; Myxedema ; Osteogenesis ; Thyroid Gland*

No abstract available.
Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Estradiol* ; Fertilization in Vitro*

The Guillain-Barre Sydrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory demylinating polyradiculoneuropathy of unknown etiology. It occurs frequently one to three weeks after a banal antecedent respiratory or gastrointestinal infection. Other preceding events include surgical procedures, viral exanthems and other viral illnesses, mycoplasma infections, the spirochetal infection of Lyrne disease, lymphomatous disease, adrninistration of vaccination and so on. We experienced 2 cases of typical GBS in clinical features, CSF finding and electrophysiological aspect after antecedent nckettsial infection. To our knowledge, this is the first discription of GBS associated with preceding rickettsial disease. We would like to suggest that rickettsial infection would be one of possible antecedent illness associated with GBS.
Exanthema ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome* ; Mycoplasma Infections ; Polyradiculoneuropathy ; Vaccination

No abstract available.
Tuberculosis, Miliary*

No abstract available.
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV* ; Hyperlipoproteinemias ; Xanthomatosis*

No abstract available.

Public attitudes and awareness toward epilepsy were surveyed in Kwang-ju area. A representative population of 587 persons aged over 18 years was selected in a systematic sampling procedure from the Kwang-ju telephone directory published in 1991. The social background of the respondents did not deviated significantly from that of the general population in this age range. The questionnaire consisted of 34 guestions designed to determine the respondent's social background, acquaintance with epileptic patients, awareness of epilepsy, and opinions and attitudes about the disorder. The result from this survey was as follows; 1) The prejudice and misunderstanding toward epilepsy in our society were much more serious than those in other societies reviewed in this study, which may be due to our own peculiar cultural background. 2) Although social discrimination against persons with epilepsy was due mainly to social stigma on epilepsy based on extra-ordinary misunderstanding of people, a very passive and pessimistic attitude of the patient himself may be contributed to it considerably. 3) Even if the epileptic seizure was well controlled with appropriate antiepileptic drugs, the social attitude toward occupational activity of persons with epilepsy was very negative. 4) The negative attitude toward epilepsy in our society was closely correlated to the level of education and age of respondents; the older or less educated they were, the more objections they had.
Anticonvulsants ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Education ; Epilepsy* ; Gwangju* ; Humans ; Prejudice ; Social Discrimination ; Social Stigma ; Telephone

OBJECTIVE: During the follow-up period of extrahepatic malignancy, one may encounter a solitary hepatic metastasis on CT scan which may be difficult to differentiate from hepatic abscess in an ambiguous clinical setting. It was our intention to copmare the radiological similarities and differences between two disease entities from which differentiation can be attempted. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six cases of solitary heaptic meastesis and 23 cases of liver abscess were included in this study. Two radiologists interpreted the CT without knowledge of the clinical informations. CT pattern was categorized and the frequency of various findings were compared between the two groups. CT findings of the mass were analysed in misinterpreted cases. RESULTS: Without the clinical informations, the diagnostic accuracy of the mass was 72-76% without pattern analysis. Homogeneous masses were seen in both groups, but all masses larger than 4cm were metastases. In heterogeneous masses, metatases more frequently accompanied high attenuation in central or peripheral portion of the mass and showed thick intermediate zone, Irregular trabecular pattern or septations were more frequently observed in abscesses. Biliary dilatation or stone, pleural effusion, air in mass or biliary tree were more frequently seen in abscesses. The false diagnosis was encountered most frequently when the mass possessed any of the followings; homogeneous attenuation, mosaic pattern in the mass with inhomogeneous attenuation and thin intermediate attenuation area. CONCLUSION: Pattern analysis of the various CT character will be helpful to differentiate hepatic abscess and solitary hepatic metastasis in the equivocal clinical settings. However, similar pattern can be seen in both entities ;in this cases, corrdination of CT pattern and secondary findings is needed for better differentiation.
Abscess ; Biliary Tract ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Intention ; Liver Abscess* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pleural Effusion ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Conventional MRI methods using T1-, T2-, diffusion-, perfusion-weighting, and functional imaging rely on characterizing the physical and functional properties of the tissue. In this review, we introduce an imaging modality based on measured the mechanical properties of soft tissue, namely magnetic resonance elastography (MRE). The use of palpation to identify the stiffness of tissue remains a fundamental diagnostic tool. MRE can quantify the stiffness of the tissue thereby providing a objective means to measure the mechanical properties. To accomplish a successful clinical setting using MRE, hardware and software techniques in the area of transducer, pulse sequence, and imaging processing algorithm need to be developed. Transducer, a mechanical vibrator, is the core of MRE application to make wave propagate invivo. For this reason, considerations of the frame of human body, pressure and friction of the interface, and high magnetic field of a MRI system needs to be taken into account when designing a transducer. Given that the wave propagates through human body effectively, developing an appropriate pulse sequence is another important issue in obtaining an optimal image. In this review paper, we introduce the technical aspects needed for MRE experiments and introduce several applications of this new field.
Elasticity Imaging Techniques* ; Friction ; Human Body ; Magnetic Fields ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Palpation ; Transducers