Patients tend to return to normal pronunciation patterns after fitting new dentures. However, for some patients, it takes a long time to adapt the new complete denture. In this case, the patient came to the hospital at the address of wanting to remake dentures due to wear and tear. After diagnosis through clinical and radiological examination, the maxillary complete denture and mandibular removable partial denture were remade. The patient complained whistling /s/ sound at the first check-up after placement of the new denture. The anterior palatal area of polished surface of the new maxillary complete denture was concave comparing to old denture, and this was the cause of the whistling /s/ sound. A tissue conditioning material was applied to the maxillary complete denture and patient made /s/ sound. The tissue conditioning material was replaced with self-curing type denture base resin, and the patient was immediately satisfied with clear /s/ sound. As an objective assessment, palatogram and speech analytics software was applied. In this case, a patient who received denture treatment complaining of difficulty in pronunciation underwent immediate denture repair, which resulted in patient satisfaction and improved pronunciation through objective evaluation.

Renal lymphangiomatosis is a rare developmental malformation of the perirenal lymphatic system, and this can result in the development of cystic masses in the peri-pelvic or peri-renal areas. This is difficult to differentiate from other cystic renal disease on imaging studies. We present here a case of metachronous bilateral renal lymphangiomatosis that was falsely diagnosed as a simple renal cyst. A 47 year-old man was referred for a large amount of drainage after right renal cyst marsupialization. The abdominal computed tomography(CT) findings and fluid analysis were compatible with a lymphangiomatosis. After 6 month, he presented with flank pain on his left side and CT showed intracystic hemorrhage on the left renal lymphangiomatosis. Percutaneus drainage and conservative management were done.
Male ; Humans ; Cysts

Renal lymphangiomatosis is a rare developmental malformation of the perirenal lymphatic system, and this can result in the development of cystic masses in the peri-pelvic or peri-renal areas. This is difficult to differentiate from other cystic renal disease on imaging studies. We present here a case of metachronous bilateral renal lymphangiomatosis that was falsely diagnosed as a simple renal cyst. A 47 year-old man was referred for a large amount of drainage after right renal cyst marsupialization. The abdominal computed tomography(CT) findings and fluid analysis were compatible with a lymphangiomatosis. After 6 month, he presented with flank pain on his left side and CT showed intracystic hemorrhage on the left renal lymphangiomatosis. Percutaneus drainage and conservative management were done.
Male ; Humans ; Cysts

PURPOSE: Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate needle biopsy (TRUS-PBx) is the standard procedure to diagnose prostate cancer. We evaluated the incidence and risk factors of infectious complications, the species cultured and rates of resistance for antibiotics of microorganism in infectious complications after TRUS-PBx. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of 742 patients who underwent TRUS-PBx from January 2004 to May 2007. All patients were treated with intravenous ciprofloxacin and oral ciprofloxacin for 1 week after discharge. Patients who presented infectious complications were performed chest x-ray, blood analysis, urine analysis and culture studies. RESULTS: Among 742 patients, 15 patients (2.0%) developed infectious complications. There were no significant differences between the complication and non-complications groups in age, PSA, prostate volume, nodule, hypoechoic lesion on transrectal sonography and underlying medical diseases. Twelve cases were performed in outpatient department and 3 cases were in operation room and that suggests high frequency of infectious complication when transrectal prostate biopsy is performed in outpatient department (p=0.007). Six kinds of microorganisms were cultivated in 12 patients (1.9%). E. coli (7/12) was most common. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase suggesting nosocomial infection was positive in 3 cases of outpatient department. On logistic regression analysis, urethral catheter indwelling was a significant risk factor increasing infectious complications. CONCLUSIONS: After TRUS-PBx, the rate of severe infectious complications and nosocomial infections were more frequent in outpatient department. And urethral catheter indwelling significantly increased infectious complication rate. So we should sublate the urethral catheter and keep in mind the aseptic technique at outpatient department.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; beta-Lactamases ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Needle ; Ciprofloxacin ; Cross Infection ; Humans ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Medical Records ; Needles ; Outpatients ; Prostate ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Thorax ; Urinary Catheters

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the visuospatial processing abilities of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using the Rey Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF). Methods: One-hundred thirty-four children with ASD [mean age (MA)=113.56 months], 150 siblings of children with ASD (MA= 111.67 months), and 55 typically developing (TD) children (MA=109.02 months) were included in this study. During their one-time visit, participants completed the ROCF, various autism diagnostic assessments, and the Korean-Leiter International Performance ScaleRevised. Repeated-measures Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and post-hoc Tukey-Kramer comparisons were computed to compare the ROCF scores. Partial correlations and multiple regressions were computed to examine the association between ROCF scores and the severity of autistic symptoms, as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) among children with ASD. Results: There were significant main effects of the analysis group in Structural and Incidental Accuracy, Error, and Style. More siblings than TD children drew in a part-oriented way, but the performance of the sibling group was comparable or superior to that of the TD group in all parameters. Social Interaction scores of children with ASD were significantly associated with Organization scores in Copy condition. Whether or not a child drew in the Part-Oriented style significantly predicted his/her repetitive and restricted behavior scores. Conclusion The findings add to the evidence for altered visuospatial processing patterns of ASD as a potential inherent and genetic trait and suggest that this particular cognitive style should not be considered as a deficit. Educational and theoretical implications are discussed.

Objective: This study examined how state and trait anxiety of adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are associated with their demographic characteristics, repetitive and restricted behaviors (RRBs), and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors. Methods: A total of 96 participants with ASD (mean age=14.30 years; 91 males) completed a battery of tests including the State/Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), and a cognitive test measuring intelligence quotient (IQ). Participants’ parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Pearson’s correlations among age, IQ, two subscales of the STAI (i.e., STAIS and STAIT, measuring self-reported state and trait anxiety, respectively), and the Anxiety subscale of CBCL (i.e., CBCL-Anxiety, measuring parent-reported trait anxiety) were computed. Subsequently, Pearson’s correlations were computed among the three anxiety measures, RRBs, and problem behaviors, while controlling for participants’ age and IQ. Results: The STAIS and CBCL-Anxiety were both significantly correlated with higher age, sensory sensitivity, depressive symptoms, somatic complaints, and aggressive behaviors. All three anxiety variables were significantly and positively correlated with total SRS RRB scores. Additionally, the STAIS and STAIT were significantly associated with more severe Compulsion/Adherence behaviors, and the CBCL-Anxiety was also significantly associated with more severe Rule-breaking Behaviors. Conclusion Self-reported state anxiety showed association patterns similar to those of parent-reported trait anxiety. Future studies investigating the precise operationalization of different anxiety instruments are needed to accurately measure the anxiety of adolescents with ASD.

Objective: This study examined how state and trait anxiety of adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are associated with their demographic characteristics, repetitive and restricted behaviors (RRBs), and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors. Methods: A total of 96 participants with ASD (mean age=14.30 years; 91 males) completed a battery of tests including the State/Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), and a cognitive test measuring intelligence quotient (IQ). Participants’ parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Pearson’s correlations among age, IQ, two subscales of the STAI (i.e., STAIS and STAIT, measuring self-reported state and trait anxiety, respectively), and the Anxiety subscale of CBCL (i.e., CBCL-Anxiety, measuring parent-reported trait anxiety) were computed. Subsequently, Pearson’s correlations were computed among the three anxiety measures, RRBs, and problem behaviors, while controlling for participants’ age and IQ. Results: The STAIS and CBCL-Anxiety were both significantly correlated with higher age, sensory sensitivity, depressive symptoms, somatic complaints, and aggressive behaviors. All three anxiety variables were significantly and positively correlated with total SRS RRB scores. Additionally, the STAIS and STAIT were significantly associated with more severe Compulsion/Adherence behaviors, and the CBCL-Anxiety was also significantly associated with more severe Rule-breaking Behaviors. Conclusion Self-reported state anxiety showed association patterns similar to those of parent-reported trait anxiety. Future studies investigating the precise operationalization of different anxiety instruments are needed to accurately measure the anxiety of adolescents with ASD.

Background: /Aim: This study aimed to determine the diagnostic performance of 2022 Korean Liver Cancer Association-National Cancer Center (KLCA-NCC) imaging criteria compared with the 2018 KLCA-NCC for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk patients using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: This retrospective study included 415 treatment-naïve patients (152 patients who underwent extracellular contrast agent [ECA]-MRI and 263 who underwent hepatobiliary agent [HBA]-MRI; 535 lesions, including 412 HCCs) with a high risk of HCC who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI. Two readers evaluated all lesions according to the 2018 and 2022 KLCA-NCC imaging diagnostic criteria, and the per-lesion diagnostic performances were compared. Results: In “definite” HCC category of both 2018 and 2022 KLCA-NCC, HBA-MRI showed a significantly higher sensitivity for the diagnosis of HCC than ECA-MRI (77.0% vs. 64.3%, P=0.006) without a significant difference in specificity (94.7% vs. 95.7%, P=0.801). On ECAMRI, “definite” or “probable” HCC categories of the 2022 KLCA-NCC had significantly higher sensitivity than those of the 2018 KLCA-NCC (85.3% vs. 78.3%, P=0.002) with identical specificity (93.6%). On HBA-MRI, the sensitivity and specificity of “definite” or “probable” HCC categories of both 2018 and 2022 KLCA-NCC were not significantly different (83.3% vs. 83.6%, P>0.999 and 92.1% vs. 90.8%, P>0.999, respectively). Conclusions In “definite” HCC category of both 2018 and 2022 KLCA-NCC, HBA-MRI provides better sensitivity than ECA-MRI without compromising specificity. On ECA-MRI, “definite” or “probable” HCC categories of the 2022 KLCA-NCC may improve sensitivity in the diagnosis of HCC compared with the 2018 KLCA-NCC.

Background: Recently, the prevalence of childhood obesity has increased dramatically, but the cause still remains incompletely understood. The goal of this study was to present a direction for treatment and prevention of childhood obesity on the basis of the data of physical activity energy expenditure, inactive time and dietary habits of Korean children. Methods: A total of 56 children were selected from 8 elementary schools in Seoul and Gwacheon-city. Children's physical activity pattern and dietary habits were obtained by questionnaire. The children wore accelerometer on their wrists from Friday to Tuesday over the whole weekend. Then, we calculated the activity energy expenditure using the activity counts recorded on the accelerometer. Results: Neither the physical activity energy expenditure (kcal/kg) nor the activity pattern showed a significant difference between the normal weight group and the overweight group. The overweight children spent more time watching TV and using the computer. The overweight group did not have breakfast and ate much more and faster in terms of dietary habit. Conclusion: This study suggests that bad habituations in diet and increase of inactivity time can play more important role than physical activity in causing overweight in 7-year-old children.
Breakfast ; Child* ; Diet ; Energy Metabolism ; Food Habits* ; Humans ; Motor Activity* ; Overweight* ; Pediatric Obesity ; Prevalence ; Seoul ; Wrist ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a nonspecific, but sensitive marker of systemic immune response. Many studies have suggested that CRP levels are associated with obesity and cardiovascular risk factors not only in adults, but also in children. We assessed the inter-relationships between CRP, obesity, and cardiovascular risk factors in Korean children aged 7 years old. Methods: A total of 126 children (40 overweight and 86 normal weight children) were recruited from seven elementary schools in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. Physical examinations including various obesity parameters were done. Fasting and post-prandial venous blood was withdrawn for the chemistry. The hsCRP was measured by the Nephelometry. Results: The hsCRP was associated with body weight, body fat (%), body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences, hip circumferences and waist/hip ratio (P<0.05). From the lowest to the highest quartile groups of hsCRP, mean fasting insulin levels (2.7+/-3.1micronIU/mL, 2.6+/-2.1micronIU/mL, 3.4+/-3.7micronIU/mL, and 4.2+/-3.6micronIU/mL, respectively)(P<0.05) and HOMA-IR levels (0.60+/-0.70, 0.59+/-0.49, 0.74+/-0.84, and 0.95+/-0.83, respectively)(P<0.05) increased. Serum lipid profiles were not associated with the hsCRP levels. Conclusion: In children aged 7 years old, the hsCRP was significantly associated with obesity and cardiovascular risk factors.
Adipose Tissue ; Adult ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; C-Reactive Protein* ; Chemistry ; Child* ; Fasting ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hip ; Humans ; Insulin ; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry ; Obesity* ; Overweight ; Physical Examination ; Risk Factors* ; Seoul ; Waist Circumference