No abstract available.
Myenteric Plexus

Intestinal pseudo-obstruction is characterized by symptoms and signs of mechanical bowel obstruction in the abscence of an occluding lesion of the intestinal lumen. The chronic forms of intestinal pseudo-obstruction are separated into primary and secondary in according to the underlying disorders. primary or chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction(CIIP) is not associated with systemic illness and a progressive nature with relapses and remissions. Since Dyer described the rare histologic subtype of idiopathic pseudo-obstruction, the primary abnormality is in the myenteric plexus of the bowel at first in 1969, only few cases are reported. We report a case of CIIP caused by degeneration of myenteric plexus of the colon and he was successfully treated with surgical management.
Colon ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; Myenteric Plexus ; Recurrence

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are the pacemalkers in gastrointestinal muscles, and these cells also mediate or transduce inputs from the enteric nervoius system. Immunolabelling of interstitial cells of ICC in intestinal wall is recently developed by using specific marker, anti-c-kit antibody. Immunohistochemistry was done for c-Kit-positive ICC network in attempt to provide a morphological basis for the mechanism regulating gastro-intestinal movement. Cryosection and whole-mount preparations of mouse ileum and colon were immunolabelled using the anti-c-Kit. Immunolabelled specimens were observed under a confocal laser scanning microscopy. According to three dimensional reconstruction study, it was found that the c-Kit-positive cells were widely distributed in the intestinal wall: (1) circular muscle layer, (2) myenteric plexus, (3) deep muscular plexus in ileum, (4) submucosal plexus and longitudinal muscle layer in colon. The characteristic profiles of ICC containing c-Kit-positive cells provide a morphological basis upon the mechanism regulating gastro-intestinal motility.
Animals ; Colon ; Ileum ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interstitial Cells of Cajal* ; Intestines* ; Mice* ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Muscles ; Myenteric Plexus ; Submucous Plexus

A case of total aganglionic intestine in a new born infant is presented with a review of literature. Persistent vomiting, abdominal distension, failure to pass meconeum since brith were manifested. All X-rays showed multiple fluid level suggesting intestinal obstruction. In spite of colostomy with meticulous medical care, the patient expired due to cachexia. Postmortem autopsy findings were complete abscence of Auerbach's plexuses in entire intestine including esophagus, stomach, small intestine and colon.
Autopsy ; Cachexia ; Colon ; Colostomy ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Infant ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intestine, Small ; Intestines* ; Myenteric Plexus ; Stomach ; Vomiting

Appendicular schwannoma is a rare tumor originating from Schwann's cells in the Auerbach plexus. The preoperative diagnosis is difficult because the clinical features are nonspecific, and it is mostly found accidentally via a radiologic image as a tumor, mimicking malignancy. We report a case of an appendicular schwannoma coexisting with an adenocarcinoma in the lung. A laparoscopic appendectomy was done with a clear resection margin, and the immunohistochemical staining showed positive S-100 protein, which confirmed the schwannoma. The patient also underwent a left upper lobectomy of the lung. The patient has been free of recurrence for the 6 months since the operation. The laparoscopic approach could be available for treatment of an appendicular schwannoma, thus avoiding an unnecessary laparotomy.
Adenocarcinoma ; Appendectomy ; Appendix ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Lung ; Myenteric Plexus ; Neurilemmoma ; Recurrence ; S100 Proteins

Enteric duplication cysts are uncommon congenital anomalies whose embryogenesis remains unknown. We report here on an isolated enteric duplication cyst, that presents as an inguinal hernia. A 21-year-old woman was admitted with a month-long history of a palpable mass in the left groin. Radiologically, a computed tomography scan revealed a 3.5 x 2.5 cm sized cystic mass in subcutaneous layers of the left suprapubic area. Microscopically, the cystic wall resembled gut wall. The wall was composed of two distinct muscle layers with the presence of Auerbach's plexus. On examining the entire sections of the cyst wall very carefully, no epithelial lining was found on the inner surface. The submucosa was slightly fibrotic. The diagnosis was a completely isolated enteric duplication cyst.
Embryonic Development ; Female ; Groin ; Hernia, Inguinal ; Humans ; Muscles ; Myenteric Plexus ; Pregnancy ; Young Adult

Neuronal intestinal dysplasia in pediatric patients has similar clinical symptoms and often similar radiologic findings to those of Hirschsprung's disease. Yet neuronal intestinal dysplasia shows hyperplasia of the myenteric plexus for the pathology, and it requires different treatment compared with Hirschsprung disease. This disease has been reported many times in Europe but, to date, only one case has been reported in the radiologic literatures in Korea. We report here on a case of neuronal intestinal dysplasia that involved the entire colon in a two-month-old boy, and we include the radiographic findings.
Colon ; Europe ; Hirschsprung Disease ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Infant* ; Korea ; Male ; Myenteric Plexus ; Neurons* ; Pathology

Neuronal intestinal dysplasia in pediatric patients has similar clinical symptoms and often similar radiologic findings to those of Hirschsprung's disease. Yet neuronal intestinal dysplasia shows hyperplasia of the myenteric plexus for the pathology, and it requires different treatment compared with Hirschsprung disease. This disease has been reported many times in Europe but, to date, only one case has been reported in the radiologic literatures in Korea. We report here on a case of neuronal intestinal dysplasia that involved the entire colon in a two-month-old boy, and we include the radiographic findings.
Colon ; Europe ; Hirschsprung Disease ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Infant* ; Korea ; Male ; Myenteric Plexus ; Neurons* ; Pathology

Maturation of neurons of the myenteric plexus (MP) of human fetal sigmoid colon was studied at various weeks of gestation (WG). There is abundant literature on the development of MP in various segments of the gut but there are fewer reports on the development of MP in human sigmoid colon which is a site of various disorders. Sigmoid colonic segments from 12 aborted foetuses aged 14-23WG were processed for NADPH histochemistry. Stereologic evaluation of the neuronal cell profiles, numerical density, number of neurons per ganglion and myenteric fraction was conducted using using imageJ software. According to gestational age, foetuses were assigned into two groups (group 1 [n=7], less than <17WG and group 2 [n=5], more than >17WG). The overall size of neuronal cell profiles in the MP was significantly increased (P<0.05). The numerical density of neurons decreased in group 2 in comparison to group 1, the number of neurons per ganglion and myenteric fraction were increased in group 2 but all these were not statistically significant. This study revealed that the maturational event increases after 17WG and extensive innervations is established at 23WG. During prenatal life there is an increase in the neuronal cell size from 14-23WG signifying maturational process. Such studies are essential for clinicians and surgeons to correlate the normal and pathologic development of the enteric nervous system.
Cell Size ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Enteric Nervous System ; Ganglion Cysts ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Myenteric Plexus* ; NADP ; Neurons ; Pregnancy

Rectal prolapse is a protrusion of one or more layers of the rectum through the anus. A 5-year-old laboratory cynomolgus monkey who had suffered from recurrent diarrhea died after surgical resection of a prolapsed rectum. On examination, the prolapsed rectum was a cylinder-shaped tissue whose surface was moist and dark red with a small amount of hemorrhage. Histologically, the rectum was characterized by a segmental to diffuse cellular infiltration in the submucosa and muscle layers. Inflammation in the rectum resulted in irritation of the myenteric plexus, which could cause hypermotility of the intestines, leading to chronic diarrhea. Rectal prolapse would result in economical loss or death of laboratory animals. However, rectal prolapse in the laboratory monkey could be easily overlooked because diarrhea or other symptoms resulting from rectal prolapse could be sometimes misunderstood as a primary problem. Therefore, researchers should suspect rectal prolapse if intestinal symptoms in the laboratory monkey are untreatable.
Anal Canal ; Animals, Laboratory ; Diarrhea ; Haplorhini ; Hemorrhage ; Inflammation ; Intestines ; Macaca fascicularis ; Muscles ; Myenteric Plexus ; Preschool Child ; Rectal Prolapse ; Rectum