No abstract available.
Myelitis, Transverse*

No abstract available.
Anesthesia ; Myelitis, Transverse

No abstract available.
Behcet Syndrome ; Myelitis, Transverse*

No abstract available.
Myelitis, Transverse* ; Retrospective Studies*

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system characterized by optic neuritis and longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis. The clinical course can be either polyphasic (relapsing-remitting) or monophasic. The relapsing-remitting course is observed in more than 80% of NMO cases, and relapse generally occurs within 1 year in 60% of patients, and within 3 years in 90%. We report a rare case of long spontaneous remission in untreated NMO.
Central Nervous System ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Humans ; Myelitis, Transverse ; Neuromyelitis Optica ; Optic Neuritis ; Recurrence ; Remission, Spontaneous

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) can present with various symptoms including optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, and area postrema syndrome. However, acute memory loss is an uncommon clinical presentation of NMOSD. We report a patient with NMO-IgG-antibody-positive NMOSD presenting with only acute memory loss, which suggested the presence of bilateral thalamic lesions. This case indicates that NMOSD needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute memory loss.
Area Postrema ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Memory Disorders* ; Memory* ; Myelitis, Transverse ; Neuromyelitis Optica* ; Optic Neuritis

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease, characterized by optic neuritis and myelitis. NMO is a very uncommon and serious neurologic manifestation of Sjogren's syndrome. We report on a 32-year-old female with NMO as central nerve system involvement of Sjogren's syndrome. She had a transverse myelitis ten years ago and did not have symptoms for a long period of time. She visited the emergency center because of worsening weakness of both limbs. She had an appendectomy three days ago before hospitalization. Cervical spinal magnetic resonance imaging showed increased signal intensity in T2-weighted images from the cervical (C2) to the upper thoracic (T4) spinal cord. As serum NMO-IgG was positive, we diagnosed neuromyelitis optica and treated with high dose steroid, but failed. Therefore, we treated with plasmapheresis and the patient was discharged without any neurological deficits.
Adult ; Appendectomy ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Emergencies ; Extremities ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Myelitis ; Myelitis, Transverse ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Neuromyelitis Optica* ; Optic Neuritis ; Plasmapheresis ; Sjogren's Syndrome* ; Spinal Cord

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acute myelitis patients exhibiting only sensory deficits upon initial presentation are not commonly encountered in clinical practice, but they definitely exist. Since acute sensory myelitis has not been investigated previously, this study evaluated the etiological spectrum of the condition with the aim of describing the clinical characteristics thereof. METHODS: Patients with acute myelitis who presented at the Ewha Womans University Medical Center (during 1999-2012) and the National Cancer Center (during 2005-2014) with only sensory symptoms as first clinical features were enrolled in this study. Their medical records, electrophysiological and laboratory data, and MRI findings were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Of a total of 341 acute myelitis patients, 52 (15%) were identified as having acute sensory myelitis. The male-to-female ratio of these patients was 35:17, and their age at the onset of the condition was 41.7+/-10.5 years (mean+/-SD; range, 24-72 years). Acute sensory myelitis developed in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS; 14%), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD; 17%), and acute myelitis associated with concurrent systemic diseases including Behcet's disease and cancer (6%). Despite detailed evaluation, the etiology of 33 patients with acute myelitis could not be determined. Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis on spinal MRI and progression of the sensory level were observed most commonly in NMOSD patients (89% and 78%, respectively); however, these patients did not exhibit sensory dissociation. Residual negative sensory symptoms were observed more frequently in NMOSD patients (33%) than in those with acute myelitis of unknown cause (24%) or MS (14%). During the long-term follow-up (4.7+/-2.7 years) of patients who did not undergo maintenance immunotherapy, a monophasic clinical course was common in those with acute myelitis of unknown cause (76%), but not in NMOSD or MS patients. CONCLUSIONS: Accurate identification of the diverse nature of acute sensory myelitis may assist in patient care.
Academic Medical Centers ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medical Records ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Myelitis* ; Myelitis, Transverse ; Neuromyelitis Optica ; Patient Care ; Retrospective Studies

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an idiopathic, severe inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system targeting optic nerves and the spinal cord. It is characterized by acute bilateral visual loss (optic neuritis), acute transverse myelitis, and tends to spare brain early in the disease course. NMO can occur as an isolated condition or secondary to infection, toxin exposure, and autoimmune disease including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), sarcoidosis, and Behcet's disease. We experienced a case of SLE with myelitis and recurrent optic neuritis in a 28-year-old woman who presented with recurrent visual disturbance and sudden onset of paraplegia, and report here on this case along with a review of the relevant literature.
Autoimmune Diseases ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Female ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Myelitis ; Myelitis, Transverse ; Neuromyelitis Optica ; Optic Nerve ; Optic Neuritis ; Paraplegia ; Sarcoidosis ; Spinal Cord

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), is related with autoantibodies for aquaporin-4, which is the most abundant water channel in CNS. The clinical syndromes of NMO, such as longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis and optic neuritis, can occur in the context of systemic rheumatologic diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren syndrome. It is debatable as to whether NMO is a feature of genetic tendency toward humoral autoimmunity or a CNS complication of systemic rheumatologic diseases. Current evidence suggests that NMO coexists with systemic rheumatologic diseases rather than a complication from them. Early immunosuppressive therapies should be considered in these patients since just one or two attacks can cause severe neurological disability.
Autoantibodies ; Autoimmunity ; Central Nervous System ; Comorbidity ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Myelitis, Transverse ; Neuromyelitis Optica* ; Optic Neuritis ; Sjogren's Syndrome ; Water