1.Clarithromycin Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium avium Complex Using 2,3-Diphenyl-5-thienyl-(2)-tetrazolium Chloride Microplate Assay with Middlebrook 7H9 Broth.
Young Kil PARK ; Won Jung KOH ; Shin Ok KIM ; Sonya SHIN ; Bum Joon KIM ; Sang Nae CHO ; Sun Min LEE ; Chulhun L CHANG
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2009;24(3):511-512
A series of 119 Mycobacterium avium complex isolates were subjected to clarithromycin susceptibility testing using microplates containing 2,3-diphenyl-5-thienyl-(2)-tetrazolium chloride (STC). Among 119 isolates, 114 (95.8%) were susceptible to clarithromycin and 5 were resistant according to the new and the standard method. STC counts the low cost and reduces the number of procedures needed for susceptibility testing.
Clarithromycin/*pharmacology
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Culture Media
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Humans
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Microbial Sensitivity Tests/*methods
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Mycobacterium avium Complex/*drug effects/isolation & purification
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Tetrazolium Salts/*chemistry
2.Clarithromycin Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium avium Complex Using 2,3-Diphenyl-5-thienyl-(2)-tetrazolium Chloride Microplate Assay with Middlebrook 7H9 Broth.
Young Kil PARK ; Won Jung KOH ; Shin Ok KIM ; Sonya SHIN ; Bum Joon KIM ; Sang Nae CHO ; Sun Min LEE ; Chulhun L CHANG
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2009;24(3):511-512
A series of 119 Mycobacterium avium complex isolates were subjected to clarithromycin susceptibility testing using microplates containing 2,3-diphenyl-5-thienyl-(2)-tetrazolium chloride (STC). Among 119 isolates, 114 (95.8%) were susceptible to clarithromycin and 5 were resistant according to the new and the standard method. STC counts the low cost and reduces the number of procedures needed for susceptibility testing.
Clarithromycin/*pharmacology
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Culture Media
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Humans
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Microbial Sensitivity Tests/*methods
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Mycobacterium avium Complex/*drug effects/isolation & purification
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Tetrazolium Salts/*chemistry
3.AIDS-related enteropathy due to Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare: report of a case.
Yi-Hua CHEN ; Li-Na AN ; Ke-Shu LUO ; Yi JIAN ; Yan LUO
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2009;38(10):709-710
Adult
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Antigens, CD
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metabolism
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Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic
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metabolism
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HIV Enteropathy
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complications
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metabolism
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microbiology
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pathology
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Humans
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Male
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Mycobacterium avium Complex
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isolation & purification
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Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection
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complications
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metabolism
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microbiology
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pathology
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Young Adult
4.Infection of nasal cavity and facial tissue by Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare: report of a case.
Wen-mang XU ; Xia LI ; Yuan-yuan WANG ; Li-lin YANG ; Ju-lun YANG
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2012;41(4):281-282
Antigens, CD
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metabolism
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Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic
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metabolism
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Face
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microbiology
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Female
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Humans
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Middle Aged
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Mycobacterium avium Complex
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isolation & purification
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Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection
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metabolism
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microbiology
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pathology
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Nasal Cavity
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microbiology
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Nose Diseases
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metabolism
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microbiology
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pathology
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Vimentin
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metabolism
5.Broncho-Pleural Fistula with Hydropneumothorax at CT: Diagnostic Implications in Mycobacterium avium Complex Lung Disease with Pleural Involvement.
Hyun Jung YOON ; Myung Jin CHUNG ; Kyung Soo LEE ; Jung Soo KIM ; Hye Yun PARK ; Won Jung KOH
Korean Journal of Radiology 2016;17(2):295-301
OBJECTIVE: To determine the patho-mechanism of pleural effusion or hydropneumothorax in Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease through the computed tomographic (CT) findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively collected data from 5 patients who had pleural fluid samples that were culture-positive for MAC between January 2001 and December 2013. The clinical findings were investigated and the radiological findings on chest CT were reviewed by 2 radiologists. RESULTS: The 5 patients were all male with a median age of 77 and all had underlying comorbid conditions. Pleural fluid analysis revealed a wide range of white blood cell counts (410-100690/microL). The causative microorganisms were determined as Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare in 1 and 4 patients, respectively. Radiologically, the peripheral portion of the involved lung demonstrated fibro-bullous changes or cavitary lesions causing lung destruction, reflecting the chronic, insidious nature of MAC lung disease. All patients had broncho-pleural fistulas (BPFs) and pneumothorax was accompanied with pleural effusion. CONCLUSION: In patients with underlying MAC lung disease who present with pleural effusion, the presence of BPFs and pleural air on CT imaging are indicative that spread of MAC infection is the cause of the effusion.
Aged
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Aged, 80 and over
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Female
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Fistula/complications
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Humans
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Hydropneumothorax/complications/microbiology/*radiography
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Lung/radiography
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Mycobacterium avium/*isolation & purification
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Mycobacterium avium Complex/isolation & purification
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Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/*diagnosis/microbiology
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Pleural Diseases/complications/microbiology/*radiography
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Pleural Effusion/complications
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Retrospective Studies
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*Tomography, X-Ray Computed
6.Diagnosis and Treatment of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease.
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2016;31(5):649-659
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous organisms; their isolation from clinical specimens does not always indicate clinical disease. The incidence of NTM lung diseases has been increasing worldwide. Although the geographic diversity of NTM species is well known, Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), M. abscessus complex (MABC), and M. kansasii are the most commonly encountered and important etiologic organisms. Two distinct types of NTM lung diseases have been reported, namely fibrocavitary and nodular bronchiectatic forms. For laboratory diagnosis of NTM lung diseases, both liquid and solid media cultures and species-level identification are strongly recommended to enhance growth detection and determine the clinical relevance of isolates. Treatment for NTM lung diseases consists of a multidrug regimen and a long course of therapy, lasting more than 12 months after negative sputum conversion. For MAC lung disease, several new macrolide-based regimens are now recommended. For nodular bronchiectatic forms of MAC lung diseases, an intermittent three-time-weekly regimen produces outcomes similar to those of daily therapy. Treatment of MABC lung disease is very difficult, requiring long-term use of parenteral agents in combination with new macrolides. Treatment outcomes are much better for M. massiliense lung disease than for M. abscessus lung disease. Thus, precise identification of species in MABC infection is needed for the prediction of antibiotic response. Likewise, increased efforts to improve treatment outcomes and develop new agents for NTM lung disease are needed.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
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Drug Therapy, Combination
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Humans
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Lung Diseases/*diagnosis/drug therapy/epidemiology
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Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/*diagnosis/drug therapy/epidemiology
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Mycobacterium avium Complex/isolation & purification
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Sputum/microbiology
7.Mycobacterium avium lung disease combined with a bronchogenic cyst in an immunocompetent young adult.
Yong Soo KWON ; Joungho HAN ; Ki Hwan JUNG ; Je Hyeong KIM ; Won Jung KOH
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2013;28(1):94-97
We report a very rare case of a bronchogenic cyst combined with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease in an immunocompetent patient. A 21-year-old male was referred to our institution because of a cough, fever, and worsening of abnormalities on his chest radiograph, despite anti-tuberculosis treatment. Computed tomography of the chest showed a large multi-cystic mass over the right-upper lobe. Pathological examination of the excised lobe showed a bronchogenic cyst combined with a destructive cavitary lesion with granulomatous inflammation. Microbiological culture of sputum and lung tissue yielded Mycobacterium avium. The patient was administered anti-mycobacterial treatment that included clarithromycin.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
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Biopsy
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Bronchogenic Cyst/*complications/diagnosis/immunology/surgery
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Humans
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*Immunocompetence
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Male
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Mycobacterium avium Complex/*isolation & purification
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Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/*complications/diagnosis/drug therapy/immunology/microbiology
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Pneumonectomy
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Respiratory Tract Infections/*complications/diagnosis/drug therapy/immunology/microbiology
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Sputum/microbiology
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Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Treatment Outcome
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Young Adult
8.Disseminated Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection in a Non-HIV-infected Patient Undergoing Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis.
Jin Won CHUNG ; Young Ju CHA ; Dong Jin OH ; Woo Jin NAM ; Su Hyun KIM ; Mi Kyung LEE ; Hye Ryoun KIM
The Korean Journal of Laboratory Medicine 2010;30(2):166-170
Isolated bone marrow infection by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is extremely rare. Recently, we encountered a case of bone marrow Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection, which presented as a fever of unknown origin shortly after starting continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The patient was diagnosed with MAC infection on the basis of PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing of DNA obtained from bone marrow specimens. Although this was a case of severe MAC infection, there was no evidence of infection of other organs. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing dialysis can be considered immunodeficient; therefore, when these patients present with fever of unknown origin, opportunistic infections such as NTM infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
Aged
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Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
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Bacterial Proteins/genetics
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Bone Marrow/microbiology/pathology
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Diagnosis, Differential
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Female
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HIV Infections/diagnosis
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Humans
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Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy
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*Mycobacterium avium Complex/genetics/isolation &purification
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Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/*diagnosis/drug therapy/microbiology
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*Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory
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Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
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Sequence Analysis, DNA