No abstract available.
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria*

No abstract available.
Korea* ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria*

Infections due to Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) have been recognized increasingly worldwide. We report 10 cases of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from sputa, being eight cases of M. szulgai, one of M. gordonae, and one of M. abscessus. All but one M. abscessus-isolating case was developed in the same period in one episode. Therefore, it is likely to be contaminated. NTM is a possible pathogen and infections due to NTM are clinically important. Thus, correct identification and determination of clinical significance should be verified.
Gordonia Bacterium ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria* ; Sputum*

BACKGROUND: To examine the recovery rate of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) from respiratory specimens and the clinical course of NTM pulmonary disease at a 700-bed secondary hospital. METHODS: This study analyzed the results of 843 acid-fast bacilli (AFB) culture-positive respiratory specimens from 650 subjects collected between May 2003 and April 2008. In addition, the clinical course of NTM pulmonary disease, diagnosed using criteria established by the American Thoracic Society, was examined. RESULTS: There were 67 (7.9%) NTM isolates recovered from 52 (8.0%) subjects. Among the 535 AFB smear-positive specimens, 34 (6.3%) NTM isolates were recovered. There were 33 (10.7%) NTM isolates were recovered from 308 AFB smear-negative specimens. Of 52 subjects with isolated NTM, M. intracellulare was the most common species at 73.1% (n=33), followed by M. kansassi (n=7), M. abscessus (n=2), M. fortuitum (n=2), and M. avium (n=1). Sixteen (30.8%) patients had NTM pulmonary disease and the most common causative organism was M. intracellulare (n=14, 87.5%). Of these, 6 cases attained negative conversion in culture, 4 cases failed to attain negative conversion because of poor cooperation or expiration from complicated underlying lung disease, and 5 cases were transferred to a higher-grade hospital. CONCLUSION: The recovery rate of NTM from respiratory specimens was relatively low and the most common species was M. intracellulare. Patients with NTM pulmonary disease showed variable clinical outcomes.
Humans ; Lung Diseases ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

No abstract available.
Acupuncture* ; Mycobacterium chelonae* ; Mycobacterium* ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to investigate the prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species and to determine the clinical significance of NTM isolates. METHODS: From January 2003 to July 2011, NTMs were identified using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) or reverse blot hybridization assay (REBA). And pulmonary NTM infection was diagnosed by clinical history, underlying disease, radiological and microbiological findings according to the diagnostic criteria of 2007 American Thoracic Society (ATS). RESULTS: Of the 697 AFB culture-positive specimens, NTM was detected in 149 (21.4%) specimens. Among 154 NTM isolates from 149 specimens, M. avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) (48.1%) was the most frequently isolated organisms followed by M. abscessus (13.6%), M. gordonae (9.1%), M. kansasii (8.4%), M. szulgai (3.9%), M. fortuitum complex (3.3%), M. scrofulaceum (2.0%), M. malmoense (1.3%), M. chelonae (1.3%), M. marinum (1.3%), M. genavense (1.3%), M. lentiflavum (1.3%) and M. mucogenicum (0.6%). Among 147NTM isolates from 142 respiratory specimens, 54 NTM isolates (36.7%) were causative organisms in NTM pulmonary infection. CONCLUSIONS: The isolation rate of NTM was 21.4% in clinical specimen, and in some cases NTM species results in pulmonary NTM infection. Because the treatment of pulmonary NTM infection depends on the infecting species, accurate identification and clinical significance of NTM are required for adequate treatment.
Chimera ; Gordonia Bacterium ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ; Prevalence

Vertebral osteomyelitis caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is rarely reported, especially in an immunocompetent host. NTM are usually not susceptible in vitro to antituberculous drugs, and appropriate antimicrobial therapy for treatment of NTM infection is based on susceptibility results, which vary between different NTM species; therefore, treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis caused by NTM is challenging. We report on the first case of vertebral osteomyelitis caused by M. abscessus in an otherwise healthy individual, confirmed by cultures of bone tissue obtained during surgery. Clinical cure was achieved with a combination of antimicrobial therapy and surgery. We also review previous reports of vertebral osteomyelitis caused by NTM.
Bone and Bones ; Humans ; Mycobacterium ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ; Osteomyelitis

Humans ; Child ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ; Lung Diseases

Acid-fast microorganisms were isolated from 240 soil samples collected at two areas, Hiroshima, Japan and Seoul, Korea. The biological and biochemical characteristics of the isolated mycobacteria were tested and compared with those of 36 reference mycobacteria Strains. The isolation rate and distribution of these mycobacterial species from soil were compared using three kinds of media with emphasis on the two methods of isolation between the different geographical areas. One Strain from each of the 10 species among atypical mycobacteria isolated from soil in both areas was inoculated into ddY mice and the pathogenicity compared with that of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv up to 6 weeks. Susceptibility of the reisolated acid-fast bacilli to antimycobacterial agents was tested in vitro. Antibody responses against various mycobacterial antigens were tested using lepromatous type and tuberculoid type patient sera by the agar gel immunodiffusion. 1) No significant differences in the distribution of acid-fast bacilli were observed between soil samples from the two regions. 2) Rapid growers were by far the most frequent acid-fast bacilli isolated while no photochromogens were isolated from these soil samples. In addition, a minimal number of fastidious mycobacteria were isolated but not cultivable in subcultures. 3) Some of these soil acid-fast bacilli were capable of inducing only transient bacteriological and pathologic changes in mouse organs. 4) Acid-fast bacilli reisolated from organs of these infected mice were, in general, found to be resistant to antimycobacterial agents. 5) M. scrofulaceum antigen showed a precipitation reaction in agar gel immunodiffusion with the highest number of sera from leprosy patients.
Animal ; Leprosy/immunology ; Mice ; Mycobacteria, Atypical/drug effects ; Mycobacteria, Atypical/isolation & purification* ; Mycobacteria, Atypical/pathogenicity ; Mycobacterium/isolation & purification* ; Mycobacterium Infections/pathology ; Soil Microbiology*

OBJECTIVETo gain greater insight into the prevalence drug resistant profiles of M. abscessus from a general hospital in Beijing, China.

METHODSPartial gene sequencing of 16S, hsp65, and rpoB were used to distinguish the species of NTM isolates. All strains identified as M. abscessus were further enrolled in the drug susceptibility testing by using broth microdilution method.

RESULTSWe found that M. avium complex was the most frequent NTM organism, accounting for 54.1% (33/61) of all isolates. Behind MAC, the second most common organisms were M. abscessus (22 out of 61, 36.1%). Average rates of resistance were 4.5% for AMK, 9.1% for LZD, and 13.6% for CLA, respectively. In contrast, resistance to LEV (17/22, 77.3%), IMI (9/22, 40.9%), and SMX (10/22, 45.5%) was noted in more than 40% of M. abscessus isolates. DNA sequencing revealed that all the CLA-resistant isolates harbored nucleotide substitutions in position 2058 (1/3, 33.3%) or 2059 (2/3, 66.7%) of 23S rRNA.

CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, our data demonstrated that M. intracellulare and M. abscessus were the most common NTM species in the general hospital of Beijing. CLA, AMK, LZD showed promising activity, where as LEV, IMI, and SMX exhibited poor activity against M. abscessus in vitro.