OBJECTIVES: According to the millennium development goals particularly in the fifth goal it was noted to reduce the incidence of miscarriages into 75% from 1990 till 2016. However, it’s reduced only 34% in worldwide. The incidence of maternal mortality rate have been estimated to 358000 annually, and from 1000 to 1500 maternal death occurred per day.The pregnancy rate have been registered into 40-50 million in Asia Pacific regional countries annually, and the incidence of maternal death is estimated from 30500 to 50000. Moreover, overall 300000 neonates have been died in the first day of prenatal life. There numerous number of studies and surveys in terms of the maternal care have been performed in supports of the “Strategy for women’s and child’s health”, “National program for reproduction” and other projects and national program and other related order, regulation has helped to perform the studies. We aimed to study the pregnancy control in healthy gestational period of pregnancy and to evaluate the counseling for the pregnant women who were admitted to the Family health center in Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia METHODS: There are 135 pregnant women who are routinely monitored at the Family health centers who were selected randomly, according to the rule number 338 which stated about the pregnancy control, and used questionnaire with 55 questions. The results have been calculated by the SPSS 20 program and statistic information provided by pregnancy monitoring guides. RESULTS: Married women 72.2 % got involved on routine check on time, while only 33.3% women who weren’t married got checked on time. Marital status was also the key factor in women being involved for regular monitoring (p=0.006). Around 70.9 % involved within the 12 week of gestational period were women with higher education, and only 55% of women with secondary education got involved in first examination. Within early monitored women 66.7% of women were aged from 20 to 24, 82.6 percent of women were aged from 30 to 34, 83.3 percent of women who were aged above 35 and higher have been involved in regular checkups on time (p=0.031). Employment has been a factor in checkup attendance. 92.9 percent of women who work at state authorities, 63.6 of women who work in non-government organizations, 51.6 percent of women who are self-employed, 57.9 percent of students, 57.9 percent of unemployed women have participated in checkups on time (p=0.017). 84.9% of women with higher education have been examined on routine examination; however, only 50% of women with lower education have been examined on routine examination. The women with spouses have been examined on routine examination is estimated to 87.6%; however, 75% of women with unclear marital status have been examined on routine examination on time. In the study, 100% of women have been examined on time in the first examination. But in the second time it was estimated to 80%, in the third time it was estimated to 75%. CONCLUSION: The attendance of women in the first examination within the 12 week of gestational period has been depending on the education, age, marital status, and employment of the women. Also the women get pregnant for the first time has actively involved in the first and routine examination.

Although in the 5th goal of the millennial development goals it is stated that by within 2015 iscarriages will be reduced by 75% from the year 1990. So far it has been reduced by 34%, only third of its intended goal. Around 358.000 miscarriages happen in a year, which leads to around 1000-1500 miscarriages per day during numerous stages such as: pregnancy, labor, or after birth. Thisproblem has been gathering a lot of attention around the world that it had been added in to the goalsof the millennium development goals. Of the 130 million babies who are born in a year 7.6 millionof them are born with birth defects and 3.2 million die while they are still infants, and 3.6 millioninfants are left handicapped. Of 40-50 million pregnancies that are reported in Asia and the PacificOceania, 30500-50000 women miscarry, and 300000 infants die within the first day since birth. In the Mongolian government’s population development policy, it is stated that the government shall support population growth, to provide a safe living environment for people to live a long prosperous life, and to improve healthcare services for mothers and babies. The total population as of late 2014 is 2 million 995.9 thousand it has risen up by 65.9 thousand since the previous year a 2.2 percent increase. 48.9 percent of the population are males and 51.1 percent are females the ratio of gender is 96:100 for every 100 females there are 96 males. As for age, 28 percent of the population is under 15 years old, 68 percent of the population is between the ages 15-64, 4 percent of the population is 64 years old or older. We have selected this topic because there are no sufficient scientific researchmaterials regarding to pregnancy monitoring despite there are regular reports being made about pregnancy monitoring in accordance to Mongolia’s maternity orders. 135 pregnant women who are routinely monitored at family healthcare centers were selected randomly, the results have been calculated by the SPSS 20 program and statistic information provided by pregnancy monitoring guides, and by a 48 question survey made in accordance by the 338th rule of the pregnancy monitoring of regularly processed women.Of the total 135 pregnant women, 88 (65.2%) have been checked on time. While 47 (34.8%) haven’t been checked on time. Furthermore, of women who are married 72.2 % got checked on time while only a third of the women who weren’t married (33.3%) got checked on time. Marital status was also a key factor in women being on time for regular monitoring (p=0.006). Around 70 percent ofwomen with higher education have shown up on time for regular monitoring whereas only 55 percent of women with secondary education got monitored. Considering the age structure 66.7 percent of women aged 20-24, 82.6 percent of women aged 30-34, 83.3 percent of women aged 35 and higher have been involved in regular checks on time. (p=0.031). Employment has been a factor in checkupattendance. 92.9 percent of women who work at state authorities, 63.6 of women who work in nongovernmentorganizations, 51.6 percent of women who are self-employed, 57.9 percent of students,57.9 percent of unemployed women have participated in checkups on time.(p=0.017).From the women who were surveyed, 57 (41.3%) women who didn’t show up on time for their second examination, by the looks of the women 10(83.3%) who went in monitoring on the second three months into pregnancy were pregnant before. It is clear that the women who were pregnant before lose concern about being monitored.87 (63%) of the women took pregnancy class, of the 51 (37%) who didn’t 13 (15%) took the class because they weren’t able to claim their pregnancy benefits and 35 (68.8%) of the women who didn’t take the pregnancy class have stated that they hadn’t had the time. 16 (31.4%) have claimed that it wasn’t needed. This shows that class attendance is insufficient and people only attend to claim their pregnancy benefits. Because of the lack of special service for pregnant women at district hospitals, women are forced to get service elsewhere. It is clear that local doctors give little advice and information about birth, miscarriage and prevention of misbirth.

Trough WHO recommendation hysteroscopy is the golden standart technique of uterine cavity evalution. First Maternity Hospital of Mongolia have been implemented gynecological laparoscopic surgery since 2009, then from 2013 we have started diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy. A hysteroscopy may be done to find the cause of abnormal bleeding or bleeding that occurs after a woman has passed menopause. It also may be done to diagnose infertility. Also a hysteroscopy can be used to remove growths in the uterus, such as fibroids or polyps. We evaluated results of gynecological diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy, which was done in First maternity hospital.We took special questionnaires from 39 women and did prospective analyses.39 patients, who were done hysteroscopy were involved our study from November 2013 to January 2015. 51% of participants were reproductive age women. Under 20 years old participants who underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy due to hyperplasia of endometrium were 3%, they were performed biopsy. From all participants 87,2% performed operative hysteroscopy, 12,8% was diagnostic hysteroscopy. After diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy, 97% of patients had no symptoms, but last 3% of patients had lower abdominal pain. If clarify diagnosis which is approved after diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy 51.3% was displaced IUD, 35.9% was endometrial polyp, 2.6% was hyperplasia endometrium, 10.3% was infertility. Complication was 2.6% through postmenopausal participants if compared with premenopausal women. Diagnostic and operative hysteroscopic procedure has benefits for synehia, septum of uterus, endometrial hyperplasia, abnormal uterine bleeding, submucosal myomectomy. From all participants 87,2% performed operative hysteroscopy, 12,8% was diagnostic hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy was done when displaced IUD (51.3%), polyp of endometrium (35.9%), hyperplasia of endometrium (2.6%), and infertility (10.3%).Complications after hysteroscopy depends from menopause.

Trough WHO recommendation hysteroscopy is the golden standart technique of uterine cavity evalution. First Maternity Hospital of Mongolia have been implemented gynecological laparoscopic surgery since 2009, then from 2013 we have started diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy. A hysteroscopy may be done to find the cause of abnormal bleeding or bleeding that occurs after a woman has passed menopause. It also may be done to diagnose infertility. Also a hysteroscopy can be used to remove growths in the uterus, such as fibroids or polyps. We evaluated results of gynecological diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy, which was done in First maternity hospital.We took special questionnaires from 39 women and did prospective analyses.39 patients, who were done hysteroscopy were involved our study from November 2013 to January 2015. 51% of participants were reproductive age women. Under 20 years old participants who underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy due to hyperplasia of endometrium were 3%, they were performed biopsy. From all participants 87,2% performed operative hysteroscopy, 12,8% was diagnostic hysteroscopy. After diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy, 97% of patients had no symptoms, but last 3% of patients had lower abdominal pain. If clarify diagnosis which is approved after diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy 51.3% was displaced IUD, 35.9% was endometrial polyp, 2.6% was hyperplasia endometrium, 10.3% was infertility. Complication was 2.6% through postmenopausal participants if compared with premenopausal women. Diagnostic and operative hysteroscopic procedure has benefits for synehia, septum of uterus, endometrial hyperplasia, abnormal uterine bleeding, submucosal myomectomy. From all participants 87,2% performed operative hysteroscopy, 12,8% was diagnostic hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy was done when displaced IUD (51.3%), polyp of endometrium (35.9%), hyperplasia of endometrium (2.6%), and infertility (10.3%).Complications after hysteroscopy depends from menopause.

Background: In accordance with the development of a rapid pace of modern medical science, requirements for the scholars and teachers of universities that provide the medical professionals throughout the world increase every year and there is an urging demand for the scholars and teachers to develop themselves continuously. Methods: In order to assess the influence of the cooperation on the teacher’s development, we chose 43 teachers who participated in professional development training of the Yonsei university by using non-probabilistic collection method. Results: 77,19 % of the study participant teachers responded that professional development training greatly influenced to their teaching skills improvement. 19,3 % responded that it was well influenced, and 3.51% responded as slightly influenced. The majority of the participants or 43,86% responded that the professionaly training greatly influenced to their clinical aid and service skill improvement. 36,84% responded as well influenced,12.28 % responded as moderely influenced, 3.51 % responded as slightly influenced and 3.51% responded.The question of how the training influenced for their improvement of scientific research, 3% responded as not influenced at all, 11 % responded as slightly influenced, 30 % respoded as well inflienced and 56% responded as greatly influenced. Conclusion The participants responded to the question on how the training has influenced on professional development training as greatly influenced to their teaching skills improvement. As teachers from the branch universities who participated in the study have a statistical significance. (p=0,04)

Background: The Maternal and Child Health Handbook is a long-term health monitoring tool that records children’s health, immunization, and developmental stages from the prenatal period to age five. By using the MCH handbook togeth er with parents and health workers, it is possible to increase health education for parents and prevent, and detect potential developmental delays in children at an early age. Aim: To detect the knowledge and attitudes toward family use of the MCH handbook Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using an analytical study using cross-sectional design and included a total of 373 parents and caregivers with children aged 1-4 in 4 districts of Ulaanbaatar city. When assessing knowledge, correct answers were scored and grouped. When assessing the attitude, the parents were scored based on whether they were recorded in the MCH handbook. To determine the relationship between influencing factors, a one-way logistic re gression analysis was performed, which was considered statistically significant at a 95% confidence interval and p<0.05 and was performed using the SPSS 25 program. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 33.5±6.5. Reading and keeping a handbook completely (p=0.0001) was statistically significantly related to improving knowledge (p=0.0001). In studying the factors affecting handbook records, the following were statistically significant: gestational age (OR=0.956, 95% CI [0.923, 0.990]), number of births (OR=1.206, 95% CI [1.002, 1.452]). Factor influencing knowledge about the notebook is gestational age (OR=0.954, 95% CI [0.918, 0.992]). Conclusions The factor influencing knowledge about the health notebook of children under five years of age were gesta tional age (p=0.017). The factors influencing the maintenance of the notebook were gestational age (p=0.011), number of births (p=0.048), and whether the notebook was read completely (p=0.008).

Background: Mongolia’s long-term development policy, Vision 2050, aims to ensure that every citizen has full access to primary health care services and to increase the country’s average life expectancy. According to the “Primary Health Care Service Quality and Accessibility Survey,” the diagnostic capacity of family health centers (FHCs) in Mongolia was 42.1%. There is a need to further identify issues related to laboratory human resources, equipment supply, quality assurance, and monitoring. Aim: To assess the current status of laboratory diagnostic services in family health centers in Ulaanbaatar city. Materials and Methods: The study collected data using a questionnaire developed based on resources such as the WHO’s Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA), USAID’s Laboratory Assessment Tools, the Ministry of Health’s 2023 Order No. A/283 on updated guidelines for services provided by family, soum, and bagh health centers, and the national standard “Structure and Operation of Family Health Centers (MNS 5292:2017).” A total of 46 FHCs in Ulaanbaatar were randomly selected for the study. Results: The average population served by the participating FHCs was 10,228±4043, with 73.9% (n=34) serving over 8,000 people. On average, each center employed 5±2 physicians and nurses. A clinical pathologist was employed at 50.0% (n=23) of the centers, of which 26.1% (n=6) were full-time and 73.9% (n=17) were contract-based. Availability of labo ratory equipment was as follows: Complete blood count (CBC) analyzers: 60.9% (n=28) Biochemistry analyzers: 50.0% (n=23) Urinalysis equipment: 97.8% (n=45) The availability of laboratory equipment was not significantly associated with the size of the population served (p=0.54; p=0.63; p=0.74). Among FHCs with laboratory equipment: 82.1% (n=23) performed CBC tests 87.0% (n=20) performed biochemistry tests 97.8% (n=44) conducted urinalysis tests. Participation in internal and external quality control programs was significantly higher among centers with specialized laboratory staff compared to those without (p=0.008; p=0.08). The number of tests and biochemistry parameters performed was also sig nificantly higher in centers with specialized laboratory personnel (p=0.001, p=0.001). However, the availability and use of rapid diagnostic tests did not differ based on population size or the presence of specialized laboratory staff (p=0.8; p=0.6). Conclusion 1. In Ulaanbaatar, only half of the family health centers have specialized laboratory personnel. 2. Laboratory equipment availability was between 50.0% and 60.9%. Centers with specialized laboratory staff showed significantly better performance in internal and external quality control and broader diagnostic testing services. 3. Differences in diagnostic services were associated with both the population size served and the availability of spe cialized laboratory staff, indicating the need to strengthen primary health care accessibility and capacity.