The aim of this study was to determine the presence and prevalence of larval stages of Dicrocoelium dendriticum and Brachylaima sp. in the first intermediate host, a species of land snail, Helix aspersa, in Turkey. A total of 211 snails were collected in April-May 2014 from pastures in Mersin District. Larval stages of D. dendriticum were identified under a light microscope. Hepatopancreas from naturally infected H. aspersa snails were examined histologically. The prevalence of larval stages of D. dendriticum and Brachylaima sp. in H. aspersa snails was found to be 2.4% and 1.9%, respectively, in Mersin, Turkey. Cercariae were not matured in sporocysts at the beginning of April; however, it was observed that cercariae matured and started to leave sporocysts by early-May. Thus, it was concluded that H. aspersa acts as an intermediate host to D. dendriticumin and Brachylaima sp. in Mersin, Turkey. A digenean trematode Brachylaima sp. was seen for the first time in Turkey.
Animals ; Hepatopancreas/*parasitology ; Larva/anatomy & histology ; Microscopy ; Snails/*parasitology ; Trematoda/anatomy & histology/classification/*isolation & purification ; Turkey

Brucellosis is a disease involving the lymphoproliferative system, which may lead to changes in the hematological parameters; however, pancytopenia is a rare finding. However, malignant diseases in association with brucellosis are rarely the cause of pancytopenia. Herein, two cases with fever and pancytopenia, diagnosed as simultaneous acute lymphoblastic leukemia and brucellosis are presented. Anti-leukemic therapy and brucellosis treatment were administered simultaneously, and normal blood parameters obtained. The first patient is in complete remission; the other recovered from the brucellosis, but later died due to a leukemic relapse.
Pancytopenia/diagnosis/*etiology/therapy ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute/*complications/pathology/therapy ; Humans ; Fever ; Female ; Brucellosis/*complications/diagnosis/therapy ; Adult

In this study, the main antioxidant enzymes (AOE) of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were identified, and the influence of sex and age in healthy human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) was determined. The SOD, GPX, CAT and MPO activities were investigated in intestinal parasite negative human PMNL from 109 healthy subjects aged from 6 to 70 years (55 males and 54 females) using simple and sensitive enzyme assays. Blood cells, such as eosinophils, platelets, neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages also synthesize antioxidant enzymes (AOE). They constitute an important proportion and are also the major participants in a number of pathological conditions that suggest the involvement of AOE. A linear effect of age on SOD activity (p < 0.05) both in males and females was found. A similar effect with GPX activity (p < 0.05) was observed in males only. This showed that the activities of all these enzymes increase with age. In addition, SOD activity was significantly higher in females than males between the age of 19 and 70 years (p < 0.001). This analysis also showed that there is a negative correlation between the CAT-GPX (p < 0.05) activities and positive correlations between MPO-GPX (p < 0.05) activities only in females. No correlation among the other enzyme activities was found in either sex group. This study showed the activities of antioxidant enzyme activities and the correlations of these enyzmes activities with each other in healthy human PMNLs were age- and sex-dependent. This information may assisit in understanding the importance of antioxidant enzymes in the physiological and pathological conditions associated with PMNL.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aging/*metabolism ; Child ; Female ; Human ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neutrophils/*enzymology ; Oxidoreductases/*metabolism ; Reference Values ; *Sex Characteristics

Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma is a common presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The main controversy arises when many aspects of its classification and management are under discussion, particularly regarding roles for surgical resection. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinicopathologic characteristics and the therapeutic outcome of primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We carried out a retrospective analysis of 74 patients who were presented to our center with histopathological diagnosis of primary gastro-intestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma between 1990 and 2001. All patients have been staged according to Lugano Staging System. For histopathological classification, International Working Formulation was applied. The treatment choice concerning the surgical or non-surgical management was decided by the initially acting physician. Treatment modalities were compared using the parameters of age, sex, histopathological results, stage, and the site of disease. Of the 74 patients, 31 were female and 43 were male, with a median age of 49 years (range 15-80). The stomach was the most common primary site and was seen in 51 of 74 patients (68.9%). The intermediate and high grade lymphomas constituted 91.9% of the all cases. In a median follow-up of 29 months (range 2-128), 20 out of 74 patients died. There was a three year overall survival rate in 65.4% of all patients. The three year overall survival rate was better in stage I and II1 patients who were treated with surgery plus chemotherapy (+/-RT) than those treated with chemotherapy alone (93.7% vs. 55.6%, p<0.05). The stage and presence of B symptoms affected the disease free survival and overall survival significantly, but the histopathologic grade only affected the overall survival. On the basis of these results, we suggest that surgical resection is necessary before chemotherapy in early stage (stage I and II1) patients with gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas because of the significant survival advantage it would bring to the patient.
Turkey/epidemiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Survival Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Neoplasm Staging ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/mortality/*pathology/*therapy ; Humans ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/mortality/*pathology/*therapy ; Female ; Combined Modality Therapy/adverse effects ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aged ; Adult ; Adolescent

Aged ; Colonic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Male ; Multiple Myeloma ; diagnosis ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; diagnosis