OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to compare sleep wake patterns and nocturnal sleep parameters between the morning type (MT) and evening type (ET). METHODS: The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Korean version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (KESS) were administered to subjects recruited among visitors to the Chuncheon National Museum from 2010 to 2011. Actigraphy data (Actiwatch-2, Philips-Respironics Co.) were collected from eight MT (Age 38.0+/-3.8, M : F=2 : 6), 12 neither type (NT) (Age 34.2+/-5.1, M : F=2 : 10), and nine ET (Age 30.3+/-6.8, M : F=2 : 7) subjects. RESULTS: Scores for PSQI and KESS did not differ significantly among the MT, NT, and ET groups. No differences in time in bed, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, sleep latency, and fragmentation index were observed among the three groups. In the ET group, the mean wake time on free days was significantly later, and the mean sleep duration on free days was significantly longer, compared with those of the MT group (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: No differences in sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and nocturnal sleep parameters were observed among the MT, NT, and ET groups. Compared to MT subjects, ET subjects showed later wake time and longer sleep duration on free days.
Actigraphy ; Museums ; Surveys and Questionnaires

In response to the global crisis brought about by the coronavirus pandemic, the Philippine government declared a countrywide State of Calamity, apart from imposing quarantines of different stringency across regions. As workplaces have been mandated to implement alternative arrangements, these major changes in turn have caused disruptions in, and called for adjustments to, business operations, with museums being among the affected. As museums are venues that store physical collections that call for physical presence and even the tactile involvement of audiences and visitors, their operations will have to be inevitably transformed postpandemic, as are their visitors, whose mental health is likely to have been affected by the pandemic and resulting quarantine. Using the lens of crisis management, this paper analyzed the museum sector's response to the changes brought about by the spread of disease and the resulting imposition of quarantine. Through a review of the responses of several Manila-based museums to the crisis, the paper assessed the readiness of the museums in creating appropriate and effective measures to manage decreased foot traffic and economic impact, among others. The paper asserts that various tactics were used as reactions, instead of proactive steps, to mitigate the effects of the pandemic to museums. The analyses are juxtaposed with degrowth initiatives, which may potentially address the economic issues arising from the pandemic. These initiatives may be of help in resolving the issue of collections management and curatorship, with a focus on the quality, rather than the quantity, of the museum's collection and profits. Through postmodern and new museology theory, shifts from physical to virtual and other alternative modes of art experience are discussed as possible and effective solutions to this crisis. Overall, the paper aims to propose a revised model of operation that may be useful to museology in particular, and mental and planetary health in general.
Museums ; Mental Health

Based on the investigation of wild medicinal plant resources in Dexing city, Jiangxi province, and the collected plant specimens, which were identified by taxonomy, two new record species of geographical distribution were found, which are Meehania zheminensis A. Takano, Pan Li & G.-H. Xia and Corydalis huangshanensis L.Q.Huang & H.S.Peng. The voucher specimens are kept in Dexing museum of traditional Chinese medicine. In this paper, the new distribution species were reported, which provides valuable information for further enriching and supplementing the species diversity of medicinal plant resources in Jiangxi province.
China ; Corydalis ; Humans ; Lamiaceae ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Museums ; Plants, Medicinal

BACKGROUND: The effect of Video Display Terminals(VDT) Syndrome is well documented. The purpose of this study is to examine the difference in systemic subjective symptoms between long term users of computers with that of the general population and to help plan to avoid the risk of developing Video Display Terminal Syndrome. METHOD: Data was collected for this study between August 1996 and February 1997. Two groups consisting of seventy(70) long term computer users(Exposed Subjects) and fifty nine(59) non users (Non Exposed Subjects), were selected for the survey. Data was gathered from the exposed subjects through their response to the survey questionnaire posted on the internet requiring detailed responses concerning ten systemic subjective symptoms that were experienced as a result of the long term exposure to VDT. Data was gathered from the non exposed subjects through written responses to the questionnaire. RESULTS: Among the more significant difference was the experience of ocular symptoms among the exposed group. The exposed group experienced in descending order eleven items of ocular symptoms. Congestion, strain, decreased visual acuity, ocular pain, and dryness. Among seven items of lifestyle, the exposed group characteristically exercised less(P<0.05) and did more home activity (P<0.05), characteristically lead healthier life than the non exposed group. Participation in exercise differed most among the groups. The exposed group participating in moderate exercise scored 517+/-551.6 compared to the non exposed group which exercised very vigorously(p<0.05). In comparison of subjective symptom and life styles per daily exposure time(over 8,10,16 hours daily) there was significant difference between 8 and 10hour exposers only in the stress item(P<0.05). In the exposure group there were less cardiovascular symptoms(P<0.05) due to more art activity(P<0.05), more cardiovascular symptoms and less sleep activity(P<0.001) and more ocular symptoms(P<0.05) due to higher levels of stress. CONCLUSIONS: By exercising, exposers can decrease the respiratory symptoms, and by seeking methods that enable efficient management of work time, the subjects can benefit from the reduced work time, and by seeking methods so that one receive less stress and can resolve them they can reduce their ocular symptoms, sleep problems, cardiovascular symptoms. And in their spare time, the subjects can be recommended to involve in art activity for each person, through PC indirectly. Designing the development of cyber gallery, museum, literature room, concert can reduce the oecur-rence rate of cardiovascular symptoms.
Computer Terminals ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Humans ; Internet ; Life Style* ; Museums ; Visual Acuity ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The purpose of this study is to enable children and adolescents to experience anatomy and clinics. For the purpose, the ways to use the anatomy educational resources (comics, 3-dimensional images, and 2-dimensional images) and diagnostic tools (stethoscope, sphygmomanometer, pen light, and reflex hammer) were described in a guide book. Following the guide book, students experienced anatomy and clinics in a course of the science museum. They learned anatomy with the comics, then did virtual dissection with the 3-dimensional and 2-dimensional images. Sequentially, with the diagnostic tools, they listened to heart sound, measured blood pressure, and performed light reflex and knee jerk. Through this study, we have found that anatomy and clinics should be experienced pleasantly. The complimentary guide book is expected to be further improved in future, so as to achieve better experience at home, science museum, and school.
Adolescent* ; Blood Pressure ; Child* ; Heart Sounds ; Humans ; Knee ; Museums ; Reflex ; Sphygmomanometers

On-site field investigation was conducted to authenticate a batch of ancient Chinese medicinal decoction pieces that have been preserved in a rare collection at the Natural History Museum in London. These treasured artifacts comprise a portion of the Sloane Collection, and the nearly one hundred Chinese medicinal specimens examined within provide an objective record of the real situation regarding the Chinese medicinal materials in commercial circulation three hundred years ago. The precious data from this collection pro-vides an extremely valuable reference for the research into the history of medicinal exchange between China and the West during the Age of Exploration, shedding light on the evolution and historical changes in the species used in Chinese medicine, as well as the history of medicinal processing and decoction pieces.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; History, Ancient ; London ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; Museums

The Korean Society of Clinical Microbiology (KSCM) has supported participation in the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease (ESCMID) Summer School for several years. The school is held every year in Europe for one week and in 2017 was held at the Borstel Research Center, located in Borstel, a small town near Hamburg, Germany. A total of 80 participants from 26 countries attended and included 42.5% (34) males, 57.5% (46) females, and most were residents. The summer school was held for 6 days except for moving time, and there were 29 lectures, 4 small group tutorials, and 80 student presentations. The lecture subject areas included overall topics of clinical microbiology and infectious diseases. Experts from all over Europe gave lectures explaining the basics as well as recent discoveries. Small group tutorials were mainly focused on tuberculosis. Student presentations included active discussions by the students regarding their research subjects or cases. There were also social events such as dinners, visiting museums, cruise ship excursions, and watching outdoor play. Based on personal experience, I recommend young KSCM members attend the ESCMID Summer School because communicating with people from various countries broadens horizons despite a long itinerary and a busy schedule.
Appointments and Schedules ; Communicable Diseases* ; Europe ; Female ; Germany ; Humans ; International Educational Exchange ; Lectures ; Male ; Meals ; Museums ; Research Subjects ; Ships ; Tuberculosis

GyeongGi Provincial Museum and Korea Army Museum performed identification of Paju cultural remains. These areas were in particular situations because many kinds of mines still remained under the ground since Korean War. The identification and metric measurements were not easy because the excavated bones were destroyed partially and totally. Nine skeletons were excavated from the lime-soiled mixture tomb; six remains among nine were buried together in same grave and three remains were buried within wood coffins. Although many human skeletons were damaged and destroyed, period of the bones could be estimated at about late Chosun Dynasty with artifacts and epitaph that were found together. All the remains had been measured their full skeletal lengths before they were collected. The shortest and longest length of them reached 140 and 162 cm each with the average 152.6 cm but we could hardly estimate real heights of all remains with only these data. Each skeletons collected were classified into axial and appendicular skeletons and we obtained all the possible metric values of skull, mandible and sacrum from axial skeletons and clavicle, humerus, radius, ulna, pelvis, femur and tibia from appendigeal skeletons. In case of missing or severely damaged bones, we couldn't get metric data or could get only individual values. Although some demographic informations are still missing, these results will be used as a set of metric database for the systematic and detailed ancient physical anthropology studies.
Anthropology, Physical ; Archaeology ; Artifacts ; Clavicle ; Femur ; Humans ; Humerus ; Korea ; Korean War ; Mandible ; Museums ; Pelvis ; Radius ; Sacrum ; Skeleton ; Skull ; Tibia ; Ulna ; Wood