The Spt-Ada-Gcn5-acetyltransferase (SAGA) is an ancillary transcription initiation complex which is highly conserved. The ADA1 (alteration/deficiency in activation 1, also called histone H2A functional interactor 1, HFI1) is a subunit in the core module of the SAGA protein complex. ADA1 plays an important role in plant growth and development as well as stress resistance. In this paper, we performed genome-wide identification of banana ADA1 gene family members based on banana genomic data, and analyzed the basic physicochemical properties, evolutionary relationships, selection pressure, promoter cis-acting elements, and its expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses. The results showed that there were 10, 6, and 7 family members in Musa acuminata, Musa balbisiana and Musa itinerans. The members were all unstable and hydrophilic proteins, and only contained the conservative SAGA-Tad1 domain. Both MaADA1 and MbADA1 have interactive relationship with Sgf11 (SAGA-associated factor 11) of core module in SAGA. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that banana ADA1 gene family members could be divided into 3 classes. The evolution of ADA1 gene family members was mostly influenced by purifying selection. There were large differences among the gene structure of banana ADA1 gene family members. ADA1 gene family members contained plenty of hormonal elements. MaADA1-1 may play a prominent role in the resistance of banana to cold stress, while MaADA1 may respond to the Panama disease of banana. In conclusion, this study suggested ADA1 gene family members are highly conserved in banana, and may respond to biotic and abiotic stress.
Musa/genetics* ; Phylogeny ; Fungal Proteins ; Cell Nucleus ; Histones ; Stress, Physiological/genetics*

Banana (Musa spp) is one of the most important fruit crops in the world. Banana fruit is an ideal organ for producing foreign pharmaceutical proteins and chemicals by genetic engineering. A perfect promoter driving foreign gene to express strongly and specifically in banana fruit is necessary for that. In order to isolate a banana fruit-specific expressed promoter, a fragment of 702 nt nucleotide sequence upstream 5' of banana lectin (BanLec) gene, which was demonstrated to express specifically in banana fruit previously, was isolated by using chromosomal walking in this study. Bioinformatical analysis of this sequence shows that the sequence contains some typical elements of a promoter. To identify the fruit-specific expression of this promoter, a construct was derived from pBI121, which originally CaMV 35S promoter was replaced by the 702 nt nucleotide sequence, and named as pBIL2. Transformations of pBIL2 to roots, leaves and fruit pieces of banana were carried out by using particle bombardment. The transient expression of gus showed that the gus expressed specifically in banana fruit with a little higher level compared with CaMV 35S. It is the first report that BanLec promoter is a potential fruit-specific expressed promoter which can further be used in transgenes into banana.
Cloning, Molecular ; Computational Biology ; Musa ; genetics ; Plant Lectins ; genetics ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Glutamate receptor-like (GLR) is an important class of Ca²⁺ channel proteins, playing important roles in plant growth and development as well as in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this paper, we performed genome-wide identification of banana GLR gene family based on banana genomic data. Moreover, we analyzed the basic physicochemical properties, gene structure, conserved motifs, promoter cis-acting elements, evolutionary relationships, and used real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to verify the expression patterns of some GLR family members under low temperature of 4 ℃ and different hormone treatments. The results showed that there were 19 MaGLR family members in Musa acuminata, 16 MbGLR family members in Musa balbisiana and 14 MiGLR family members in Musa itinerans. Most of the members were stable proteins and had signal peptides, all of them had 3-6 transmembrane structures. Prediction of subcellular localization indicated that all of them were localized on the plasma membrane and irregularly distributed on the chromosome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that banana GLRs could be divided into 3 subclades. The results of promoter cis-acting elements and transcription factor binding site prediction showed that there were multiple hormone- and stress-related response elements and 18 TFBS in banana GLR. RT-qPCR analysis showed that MaGLR1.1 and MaGLR3.5 responded positively to low temperature stress and were significantly expressed in abscisic acid/methyl jasmonate treatments. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that GLR, a highly conserved family of ion channels, may play an important role in the growth and development process and stress resistance of banana.
Musa/metabolism* ; Phylogeny ; Abscisic Acid/metabolism* ; Temperature ; Stress, Physiological/genetics* ; Hormones/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plant Proteins/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Profiling