Tasmayi (mumie, shilajit) is a pale brown to black substance which leaks from the layers of rocks in many mountain ranges during the warm summer months. In traditional Kazakh medicine, it is used for the treatment of bone fracture and many inflammatory ailments. It is also used as a remedy in the traditional medical systems of many countries such as India, Russia and Kazakhstan. According to the literatures, Tasmayi possesses anti-inflammatory, antiulcerogenic, antibacterial, free radical scavenging, antioxidative, memory enhancing, antidiabetic, antistress, antiallergic, immunomodulative, anti AIDS, anabolic and regeneration stimulating activities. The major physiological action of Tasmayi could be belonging to the presence of dibenzo-alpha-pyrones along with humic and fulvic acids.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Biomedical Research ; methods ; trends ; Free Radical Scavengers ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; India ; Kazakhstan ; Medicine, Traditional ; methods ; trends ; Minerals ; therapeutic use ; Resins, Plant ; therapeutic use ; Russia

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of the ethanol extract of Daphne altaica Pall (DA-Et), to determine total phenolic content in DA-Et and to study the effect of DA-Et on cell apoptosis in Eca-109 cells. Meth?ods Different chemical assays were performed to detect chemical constituents of DA-Et. The content of total phenolics ,ex?pressed as gallic acid equivalents,was measured by Folin-Ciocalteu assay; Cell apoptosis induced by DA-Et was detected by AnnexinV-FITC/PI flow cytometry. Results Flavonoids,coumarins,sugars,alkaloids and phenolics in DA-Et. The contents of total phenolics in DA-Et was quantified as 159.78 mg/g. Average recovery rate of this method ranged from 99.4% to 108.3% and the precision relative standard deviation was 2.04%. Apoptosis rate of Esophageal cancer cell line Eca-109 induced by DA-Et was detected as 29.633%±1.779%(n=3). Conclusion Our study provide guidance for the im?provement of DA-Et quality, its appropriate application and further research of its activity.

OBJECTIVE： To establish the quality standard for Kazakhstan medicine Peganum harmala. METHODS： Ten batches of P. harmala collected in Xinjiang Kazakh region were selected as research objects to investigate their characteristics. Qualitative identification of harmaline and harmine was conducted by TLC. The contents of water， total ash， acid-insoluble ash and ethanol extract were tested according to Chinese Pharmacopoeia（2015 edition）. The contents of harmaline and harmine were determined by HPLC. The determination was performed on X-bridge C18 column（250 mm×4.6 mm，5 μm） with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-ammonium acetate buffer （adjusted to 6 with glacial acetic acid， gradient elution） at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 267 nm， and column temperature was 25 ℃. The sample size was 5 μL. RESULTS： TLC identification results showed that 10 batches of medicinal material showed clear spots at the same position as harmaline and harmine reference substances. Water， total ash， acid-insoluble ash should not be more than 12％，22％，2％， respectively； ethanol extract must not be less than 16％. HPLC results showed that the linear ranges of harmaline and harmine were 15.22-301.40，15.09-301.80 μg/mL； RSDs of precision， reproducibility and stability tests were all lower than 4％； average recoveries were 100.22％ and 100.94％（all RSD＜2％）. The determination results showed that the content of total alkaloids （harmaline and harmine） should not be less than 6.5 mg/g. CONCLUSIONS： Based on the original standard， test items are added in this study. TLC method is established to identify harmaline and harmine. HPLC method is established to determine their contents. Established quality standard can be used for comprehensive quality control of P. harmala from Xinjiang Kazakh region.