1.The influence of smoking on the outcome of surgical periodontal therapy -2-year retrospective study.
Mun Taek CHANG ; Joung Sik YOON ; Seoung Hwan CHOI ; Sung Chan SEO
The Journal of the Korean Academy of Periodontology 2003;33(3):395-405
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of smoking on the clinical, radiographic outcome of surgical peridontal therapy. The outcome of periodontal surgery was evaluated in 51 systemically healthy subjects that had received maintenance care. The study subjects consisted of 26 smokers and 25 non-smokers. The average age of smoking patients was 51 years old and non-smoking patients was 48 years old. Changes of probing pocket depth(PPD) and radiographic bone height, and number of missing teeth compared between smokers and non-smokers during maintenance period after surgical therapy. The clinical parameters were less favorable in the smoking group compared with non-smoking group. The number and percentage of missing teeth were greater in smokers(21.6%) than non- smokers(12.4%), especially in molars. The mean presurgery PPD was similar in smokers and non-smokers, molars and premolars, but significantly decreased at least 2 years after surgery. The mean PPD reduction was significantly greater in nonsmokers than smokers. Both in the smoking and non-smoking group, the mean PPD reduction was significantly greater in premolars than molars. The radiographical evaluation was also less favorable in the smoking group than non-smoking group. The radiographic evaluation of bone height in smokers showed bone loss. On the contrary, bone height of nonsmokers showed bone gain during the period of maintenance. But there was no significant difference between molars and premolars. The clinical and radiographic outcomes of the smoking group was less favorable than those of the nonsmoking group. Therefore, smoking seems to influence on the clinical and radiographic outcomes of surgical periodontal therapy.
2.Two Cases of Spinal Epidural Abscess in Hemodialysis Patients.
Young Hwan KIM ; Jin Taek YOO ; Soon Myung JUNG ; Sang Chang KWON ; Seung Min RYU ; Mun JANG ; Jung CHOI
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine 2013;30(1):36-38
While epidural abscesses are rare in hemodialysis patients, they can cause severe neurological complications that can be fatal because only nonspecific symptoms appear in the early stages of the infection. Their incidence increased recently due to intravenous drug abuse, invasive spinal surgery, percutaneous vertebral procedures, and the development of diagnostic modalities. The increased number of cases is related to the use of dialysis catheters in hemodialysis patients. If a patient has fever and back pain, doctors should eliminate the possibility of other common diseases and consider spinal epidural infection. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are important to prevent neurological complications. In this paper, the symptoms, blood work, magnetic resonanceimaging (MRI) findings, and clinical course of two hemodialysis patients who developed spinal epidural abscesses are described.
Back Pain
;
Catheters
;
Dialysis
;
Early Diagnosis
;
Epidural Abscess
;
Fever
;
Humans
;
Incidence
;
Low Back Pain
;
Magnetics
;
Magnets
;
Renal Dialysis
;
Substance Abuse, Intravenous
3.Differential Expressions of Genes in Colorectal Cancer with Liver Metastasis by using a cDNA Microarray Chip: A Pilot Study.
Jae O KIM ; Gyu Seog CHOI ; Sang Geol KIM ; Eun Jung CHANG ; Woo Ri KIM ; In Taek LEE ; Soo Han JUN ; Mun Kyu KIM ; Jeong Chul KIM
Journal of the Korean Society of Coloproctology 2007;23(2):116-128
PURPOSE: Liver metastasis is the most common type of failure in the treatment of colorectal cancer. The identification of differential expressions of genes in colorectal cancer and liver metastasis is important to differentiate the genetic mechanism of carcinogenesis and liver metastasis from that of a normal mucosa. The aim of this study is to find candidate genes playing roles in liver metastasis of colorectal cancer by using cDNA microarray. METHODS: We screened a group of genes differentially expressed in a normal mucosa and in cancer and liver metastasis by using a 4.7 K cDNA microarray chip in 8 patients with far advanced colorectal cancer from Jan 2003 to May 2004 at Kyungpook National University Hospital. RESULTS: A comparison of mRNA expressions of genes in normal mucosa vs. cancer, normal mucosa vs. liver metastasis, and cancer vs. liver metastasis, 76 and 27 known and unknown genes were significantly over-expressed in cancer and liver metastasis, respectively. Also 62 and 26 genes were down- regulated in cancer and liver metastasis. Among those genes, TIMP-1, SRY-box9, Rattus norvegicus fibronectin 1, mitotic check point regulator, etc. were constantly up- regulated in cancer or metastasis, and hsgk, etc. were down-regulated in cancer or liver metastasis. CONSLUSIONS: The cDNA microarray chip technique could be a useful for robust screening of candidate genes involved in carcinogenesis or metastasis of colorectal cancer.
Animals
;
Carcinogenesis
;
Colorectal Neoplasms*
;
DNA, Complementary*
;
Fibronectins
;
Gene Expression
;
Gyeongsangbuk-do
;
Humans
;
Liver*
;
Mass Screening
;
Mucous Membrane
;
Neoplasm Metastasis*
;
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis*
;
Pilot Projects*
;
Rats
;
RNA, Messenger
;
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1
4.Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography.
Chang Seop KIM ; Kyu Taek LEE ; Jong Kyun LEE ; Sang Goon SHIM ; Mun Suk CHOI ; In Kyung SUNG ; Poong Lyul RHEE ; Jae Jun KIM ; Kwang Cheol KOH ; Seung Woon PAIK ; Jong Chul RHEE ; Kyoo Wan CHOI
Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 1999;19(6):925-929
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Prophylactic antibiotics are used in an attempt to avoid the septic complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). But, there is individual tendency to choose prophylactic antibiotics due to a lack of definite guidelines for prophylactic antibiotics. Therefore, the effectiveness of ciprofloxacin to prevent post ERCP infectious complications was evaluated. METHODS: One hundred patients underwent 75 diagnostic ERCPs and 25, therapeutic ERCPs. They were classified randomly into a group of 51 prophylaxis (ciprofloxacin 200 mg i.v. 30 min before the procedure) and 49 controls. Pre- and post-ERCP blood cultures were prospectively performed and surveyed for infectious complications. RESULTS: Sepsis was detected in 4 patients in each group (p>0.05). Two cases were related to diagnostic ERCP and the remaining six cases, therapeutic ERCP (p<0.01). Bacteremia was found in 6 cases, but only two cases (Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii) were clinically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of sepsis following ERCP was not significantly reduced by antibiotic prophylaxis (7.8% vs. 8.2%).
Anti-Bacterial Agents
;
Antibiotic Prophylaxis*
;
Bacteremia
;
Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde*
;
Ciprofloxacin
;
Citrobacter
;
Humans
;
Prospective Studies
;
Sepsis
5.Clinical Experiences of MIDCAB - Developmental Stage and Early Short-term Results.
Young Thak LEE ; Cheol Hyun CHUNG ; Chan Young RA ; Woong Han KIM ; Chang Ha LEE ; Sam Se OH ; Wook Sung KIM ; Soo Chul KIM ; Taek Youn LEE ; Hong Joo JEON ; Young Kwhan PARK ; Chong Whan KIM ; Hyun Soo MUN
The Korean Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1999;32(11):1009-1016
BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery(MIDCAB) has been increasing in interest along with the new techniques in myocardial immobilization for easier and safer procedures. Until the opening of the era of new techniques, adequate accuracy and good patency of grafts were debatable. Our experiences of MIDCAB were studied according to the stages of technical developments. Material and Methods: Since March 1996, 55 patients have undergone MIDCAB procedures. The patients of off-pump CABG(no cardiopulmonary bypass under full sternotomy) were excluded from the study. In the early experience(Stage I), a left anterior small thoracotomy through the left parasternal incision was performed(n=6); then an approach through the lower partial sternotomy was used(Stage II, n=33); and recently, a chest wall elevator for harvesting the internal thoracic artery and the foot plate for myocardial immobilization have been used(USSC, Norwalk, CT)(Stage III, n=16). RESULT: The surgical procedures of four patients in the Stage II group have been converted to conventional bypass because of the deeply seated left anterior descending coronary artery in two patients, fracture of the calcific lesion in the right coronary artery in one patient, and a cardiogenic shock during hypothermia in the other patient with ventricular dysfunction. Two patients in stage II experienced symptomatic recurrences after surgery and restenosis was verified on angiocardiography. They were managed by interventional procedures. All the other patients were doing well without symptoms, except one patients in Stage II who underwent PTCA procedure for a lesion in the circumflex artery during the follow up period. CONCLUSION: The new and specialized devices are essential to the development of MIDCAB surgery. MIDCAB and the hybrid procedures in multi-vessel disease are on the way to further development. So far, our experience is limited only to a single device among the many new devices for the purpose.
Angiocardiography
;
Arteries
;
Cardiopulmonary Bypass
;
Coronary Artery Bypass
;
Coronary Vessels
;
Elevators and Escalators
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Foot
;
Humans
;
Hypothermia
;
Immobilization
;
Mammary Arteries
;
Recurrence
;
Shock, Cardiogenic
;
Sternotomy
;
Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive
;
Thoracic Wall
;
Thoracotomy
;
Transplants
;
Ventricular Dysfunction
6.Cardiovascular Regulation of GABAB Receptor in the Spinal Cord of the Rats.
Suk Ho LEE ; Joon Hyoek LEE ; Kyu Taek LEE ; Jong Kyun LEE ; In Kyung SUNG ; Sang Goon SHIM ; Sang Goo LEE ; In Koo KANG ; Chang Sup KIM ; Mun Suk CHOI ; Kwang Hyun RYU ; Poong Lyul RHEE ; Jae Jun KIM ; Kwang Cheol KOH ; Seung Woon PAIK ; Jong Chul RHEE ; Kyoo Wan CHOI
Korean Journal of Medicine 1999;56(1):25-32
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of present study is to investigate the influence of a spinal gamma-aminobutyric acid B (GABAB) receptor on a central regulation of blood pressure(BP) and heart rate(HR), and to define its mechanism in the spinal cord. METHODS: In urethane-anesthetized, d-tubocurarine- paralyzed and artificially ventilated male Sprague-Dawley rats, intrathecal administration of drugs were carried out using injecton cannula(33-gauge stainless steel) through the guide cannula(PE 10) which was inserted intrathecally at lower thoracic level through the puncture of a atlantooccipital membrane. RESULTS: Intrathecal injection of an GABAB receptor agonist baclofen(30, 60, 100 nmol) decreased both blood pressure and heart rate dose-dependently. Pretreatment with 8-bromo-cAMP(50 nmol), a cAMP analog or glipizide(50 nmol), a ATP-sensitive K+ channel blocker attenuated the depressor and bradycardic effects of baclofen (100 nmol) but not with 8-bromo-cGMP(50 nmol) a cGMP analog. CONCLUSIONS: The GABAB receptor in the spinal cord plays an inhibitory role in central cardiovascular regulation and that this depressor and bradycardic actions are mediated by the decrease of cAMP via the inhibition of adenylate cyclase and the opening of K+ channel.
Adenylyl Cyclases
;
Animals
;
Baclofen
;
Blood Pressure
;
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
;
Heart
;
Heart Rate
;
Humans
;
Injections, Spinal
;
Male
;
Membranes
;
Punctures
;
Rats*
;
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
;
Spinal Cord*
7.Preliminary Report of the 1998~1999 Patterns of Care Study of Radiation Therapy for Esophageal Cancer in Korea.
Won Joo HUR ; Youngmin CHOI ; Hyung Sik LEE ; Jeung Kee KIM ; Il Han KIM ; Ho Jun LEE ; Kyu Chan LEE ; Jung Soo KIM ; Mi Son CHUN ; Jin Hee KIM ; Yong Chan AHN ; Sang Gi KIM ; Bo Kyung KIM ; Taek Keun NAM ; Doo Ho CHOI ; Ki Mun KANG ; Byung Hyun KWON ; Dae Yong KIM ; Ji Young JANG ; Seung Chang SOHN ; Hyun Suk SUH ; Dae Sik YANG ; Woo Chul KIM ; Chang Ok SUH ; Kijung AHN ; Tae Sik JEUNG
The Journal of the Korean Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology 2007;25(2):79-92
PURPOSE: For the first time, a nationwide survey in the Republic of Korea was conducted to determine the basic parameters for the treatment of esophageal cancer and to offer a solid cooperative system for the Korean Pattern of Care Study database. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During 1998~1999, biopsy-confirmed 246 esophageal cancer patients that received radiotherapy were enrolled from 23 different institutions in South Korea. Random sampling was based on power allocation method. Patient parameters and specific information regarding tumor characteristics and treatment methods were collected and registered through the web based PCS system. The data was analyzed by the use of the Chi-squared test. RESULTS: The median age of the collected patients was 62 years. The male to female ratio was about 91 to 9 with an absolute male predominance. The performance status ranged from ECOG 0 to 1 in 82.5% of the patients. Diagnostic procedures included an esophagogram (228 patients, 92.7%), endoscopy (226 patients, 91.9%), and a chest CT scan (238 patients, 96.7%). Squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed in 96.3% of the patients; mid-thoracic esophageal cancer was most prevalent (110 patients, 44.7%) and 135 patients presented with clinical stage III disease. Fifty seven patients received radiotherapy alone and 37 patients received surgery with adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy. Half of the patients (123 patients) received chemotherapy together with RT and 70 patients (56.9%) received it as concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The most frequently used chemotherapeutic agent was a combination of cisplatin and 5-FU. Most patients received radiotherapy either with 6 MV (116 patients, 47.2%) or with 10 MV photons (87 patients, 35.4%). Radiotherapy was delivered through a conventional AP-PA field for 206 patients (83.7%) without using a CT plan and the median delivered dose was 3,600 cGy. The median total dose of postoperative radiotherapy was 5,040 cGy while for the non-operative patients the median total dose was 5,970 cGy. Thirty-four patients received intraluminal brachytherapy with high dose rate Iridium-192. Brachytherapy was delivered with a median dose of 300 cGy in each fraction and was typically delivered 3~4 times. The most frequently encountered complication during the radiotherapy treatment was esophagitis in 155 patients (63.0%). CONCLUSION: For the evaluation and treatment of esophageal cancer patients at radiation facilities in Korea, this study will provide guidelines and benchmark data for the solid cooperative systems of the Korean PCS. Although some differences were noted between institutions, there was no major difference in the treatment modalities and RT techniques.
Brachytherapy
;
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
;
Chemoradiotherapy
;
Cisplatin
;
Drug Therapy
;
Endoscopy
;
Esophageal Neoplasms*
;
Esophagitis
;
Female
;
Fluorouracil
;
Humans
;
Korea*
;
Male
;
Photons
;
Radiotherapy
;
Republic of Korea
;
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
8.High Resolution MR Images from 3T Active-Shield Whole-Body MRI System.
Bo Young CHOE ; Sei Kwon KANG ; Myoung Ja CHU ; Hyun Man BAIK ; Euy Neyng KIM ; Bum Soo KIM ; Jae Mun LEE ; Sung Taek CHUNG ; Chang Beom AHN ; Chang Hyun OH ; Jung Ho KIM ; Sun Il KIM ; Keun Nam LEE ; Tae Suk SUH ; Hyoung Koo LEE ; Heung Kyu LEE ; Kyung Sub SHINN
Journal of the Korean Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 2001;5(2):138-148
PURPOSE: Within a clinically acceptable time frame, we obtained the high resolution MR images of the human brain, knee, foot and wrist from 3T whole-body MRI system which was equipped with the world first 3T active shield magnet. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Spin echo (SE) and Fast Spin Echo (FSE) images were obtained from the human brain, knee, foot and wrist of normal subjects using a homemade birdcage and transverse electromagnetic (TEM) resonators operating in quadrature and tuned to 128 MHz. For acquisition of MR images of knee, foot and wrist, we employed a homemade saddle shaped RF coil. Typical common acquisition parameters were as follows: matrix= 512x512, field of view (FOV) = 20 cm, slice thickness = 3 mm, number of excitations (NEX) = 1. For T1-weighted MR images, we used TR= 500 ms, TE = 10 or 17.4 ms. For T2-weighted MR images, we used TR=4000 ms, TE = 108 ms. RESULTS: Signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 3T system was measured 2.7 times greater than that of prevalent 1.5T system. MR images obtained from 3T system revealed numerous small venous structures throughout the image plane and provided reasonable delineation between gray and white matter. CONCLUSION: The present results demonstrate that the MR images from 3T system could provide better diagnostic quality of resolution and sensitivity than those of 1.5T system. The elevated SNR observed in the 3T high field magnetic resonance imaging can be utilized to acquire images with a level of resolution approaching the microscopic structural level under in vivo conditions. These images represent a significant advance in our ability to examine small anatomical features with noninvasive imaging methods.
Brain
;
Foot
;
Humans
;
Knee
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
;
Magnets
;
Signal-To-Noise Ratio
;
Wrist