We anlized CT of 29 cases of various orbital disease in pediatric age group. Diagnoses were confirmed byeither operation or direct ophthalmoscopy. The patients were examined during the period of last 3 years. Theresults were as follows: 1. Of 29 cases, 21 were male and 8 were female, and the age ranged from 20 days to 15years. 2. Intraorbital tumors were 13 cases consisting of 7 retinoblastoma, 3 pseudotumor, and 1 each ofcongenital teratoma, cavernous lymphanngioma, and optic glioma, Of remaining 16 cases, 6 had orbital fracture, 5persistent hyperplastic primary viterous(PHPV), 3 vitreous opacity, and 2 primary glaucoma. 3. The CT findings ofthe retinoblastoma were a lobulated or oval soft tissue mass denisty (40-60HU) extending into the vitreous wtihoutsignificant enhancement on postcontrast scan. Of 7 cases, 4 had calcifications within the tumors. The extraglobalextension of the tumor was shown in 2 patients demonstrating markedly thickened sclera with enhancement anddilated optic nerve. 4. There were 5 patients with PHPV having a history of white pupil since birth, and all wereaffected unilateraly. Four patients had vitreous opacity and 3 of those showed either linear or branchingtree-like densities within the vitreous on the postcontrast scan. Another one had a lobulated increased densityprotruding into the vitreous which was difficult to differenciate from the similar finding of retinoblastoma.Remaining one case demonstrated a deformed and decreased density in the lesional lens without chaneg in thedensity of the vitreous. This was confirmed to be caused by persistence of the embryonic hyaloid artery attachedto the posterior capsule of the lens. 5. There were 3 patients with vitreous opacity and 2 of them were due toretinal detachment and 1 was caused by retrolental fibroplasia. The CT findings of retinal detachement werehomogenous or heterogenous opacities in the vitreous. In a case of retrolental fibroplasia, irregular, band-likedensity was seen along the posterior wall of the globe bilaterally. 6. Two cases of primary glaucoma showed largeglobe with a widened anterior chamber. 7. Among 6 cases of orbital fractures, 5 were blow-out fracture. Theblow-out fractures showed fractures of the medial orbital wall or orbital floor with herniated intraorbitalcontents into the neighboring ethmoid or maxillary sinus.
Anterior Chamber ; Arteries ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Optic Nerve ; Optic Nerve Glioma ; Orbit ; Orbital Diseases ; Orbital Fractures ; Parturition ; Posterior Capsule of the Lens ; Pupil ; Retinaldehyde ; Retinoblastoma ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Sclera ; Teratoma

Purpose: This study investigated the influence of nursing practice readiness and, resilience on the nursing performance of new nurses. Methods: Participants were 234 new nurses with 6-24 months of working experience at the wards in university and general hospitals in the B area and C areas. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS/Win 24.0, and frequency percentage, mean, and standard deviation were calculated, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analyses were performed, and the variable selection method was set as stepwise. Results: Nursing performance significantly differed by weekly job-related education (Z=10.01, p=.007) and salary satisfaction (Z=13.04, p=.001). The nursing performance of new nurses was positively correlated with nursing practice (r=.70, p<.001) and resilience (r=.51, p<.001). The significant predictors of nursing performance were nursing practice readiness (β=.61, p<.001), resilience (β=.16, p=.003), and job training hours (β=.11, p=.02). The explanatory power of these factors was 52.0% of the variance. Conclusion To enhance the nursing performance of new nurses, it is necessary to improve nursing practice readiness, provide job training, and strengthen resilience. In addition, it is necessary to support programs at the institutional level for nursing performance.

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in Korean postmenopausal women. The data from 2008-2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used for data analysis. Subjects were 2,701 postmenopausal women aged > or = 50 years. BMDs at whole body, total femur, femoral neck, and lumbar spine were measured by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Dietary data from 24-hour dietary recall and a food frequency questionnaire containing 63 food items were used. The proportions of osteopenia at total femur, femoral neck, and lumbar spine were 37.4%, 54.5%, and 45.4%, respectively. The proportions of osteoporosis at total femur, femoral neck, and lumbar spine were 6.2%, 25.6%, and 34.3%, respectively. Age, anthropometric index including height, weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI), parathyroid hormone, and physical activity were related to BMD, but the relationships were site specific. Total femur BMD was explained by age, weight, parathyroid hormone and intakes of carbohydrate and fruits. Femoral neck BMD was related to age, weight, parathyroid hormone and intakes of riboflavin and fruits. Lumbar spine BMD was associated with age, weight, milk and dairy products, calcium intake, and exercise. These results indicated that adequate intakes of milk and dairy products, fruits, carbohydrate, calcium, riboflavin and exercise as well as weight maintenance might play an important role in maintaining optimum bone health in Korean postmenopausal women.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Bone Density ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Calcium ; Dairy Products ; Female ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Fruit ; Humans ; Milk ; Motor Activity ; Nutrition Surveys ; Osteoporosis ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Riboflavin ; Spine ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine personality, resilience and satisfaction with nursing major and to explore their influences on nursing students' satisfaction with their major. METHODS: From March 15 to 30, 2018, self-report questionnaires were distributed and collected from 308 of nursing students in 2 colleges located in P-metropolitan city and K-province. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 22.0. program. RESULTS: The mean score for personality was 3.71±0.45, for resilience, 3.28±0.36, and for satisfaction with major, 3.69±0.53. Satisfaction with major was positively correlated with personality (r=.44, p < .001) and resilience (r=.37 p < .001). Personality was positively correlated with resilience (r=.68 p < .001). The factors associated with satisfaction with major were personality (β=.34, p=.006), satisfaction with college life as ‘bad’ (β=−.25, p < .001), ‘moderate’ (β=−.19, p < .001), and ‘employment’ (β=−.14, p=.028) as motivation for nursing. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that personality, satisfaction with college life, and motivation for nursing were related to satisfaction with nursing as a major in nursing students. To increase the satisfaction with major for nursing students, it is necessary to build effective strategies to focus on promoting their personality, satisfaction with college life, and motivation for nursing.
Humans ; Motivation ; Nursing ; Students, Nursing

BACKGROUND: Polyvinyl (PVC) plastic container plasticized with di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has been used for the storage of platelet concentrates for five days in Korea. Authors evaluated a second generation platelet storage container plasticized with tri (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (TOTM) which was recently produced by Green Cross Medical Corp.(Korea). METHODS: 30 units of platelet concentrates were stored in TOTM-PVC container at 22'C in a flatbed agitator. Samples were taken at day 1,3,5, and 7 from the containers and tested for platelet count, MPV, PDW, pH, HCO3-,LDH, lactate, hypotonic shock response and beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG). Electron microscopic examination was also performed. RESULTS: The number and functions of platelets were well preserved during storage. pH was maintained above 6.8 and any evidence for platelet activation was minimal. CONCLUSION: The TOTM-PVC second generation platelet storage container recently produced by the Green Cross Medical Corp.(Korea) was able to preserve platelets for at least five days without significant storage lesions.
beta-Thromboglobulin ; Blood Platelets* ; Dihydroergotamine ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Korea ; Lactic Acid ; Osmotic Pressure ; Plastics ; Platelet Activation ; Platelet Count ; Polyvinyls

BACKGROUND: The serum should be tested with a platelet panel for identification of platelet specific alloantibodies. Such platelet panels are not available from commercial sources and can usually be made using platelets from local donor population. We prepared the platelet panel by DNA genotyping for 5 major platelet specific antigens and evaluated the detection ability of panel with clinical samples from patients showing the refractoriness to platelet transfusion. METHODS: DNA genotyping of five major platelet specific alloantigens (PlA, Ko, Bak, Pen, Br) was performed for ninety three donors by reverse dot blot hybridization technique. For the evaluation of the panel we prepared, we used the antiplatelet antibody positive sera detected by modified antigen capture ELISA. RESULTS: The most frequently encountered genotypes of platelets are PlA1/PlA1, Kob/Kob, Baka/Bakb, Pena/Pena, Brb/Brb (36% of ninety three donor platelets tested). PlA2 and Penb alleles were not identified in this study. Two cases of anti-Koa were identified using panel we prepared. CONCLUSION: The genotyping of platelet alloantigens circumvented the limitation of immunophenotyping by the general lack of quality typing antisera. It is impossible to make a good panel which was composed entirely of five major platelet specific alloantigen systems because the PlA2, Penb, and Bra are very rare alleles in Koreans. But our panel can be used for the identification of antibodies against Ko and/or Bak platelet antigen in patients with platelet alloimmunization.
Alleles ; Antibodies ; Antigens, Human Platelet ; Blood Platelets* ; DNA* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Genotype ; Humans ; Immune Sera ; Immunophenotyping ; Isoantibodies ; Isoantigens ; Platelet Transfusion ; Tissue Donors

Granular cell tumor (GCT) of the breast is a rare neoplasm that is usually benign in nature. The results of physical examination and ultrasonographic findings of GCT of the breast often mimic those of other malignancies. A 46-year-old woman underwent wide excision for removal of a large mass in the left breast (about 10 cm in diameter). The pathologic finding of the excised mass was benign GCT. A year after initial surgery, recurrence of the left breast mass was found along with a newly developed mass in the contralateral right breast, which was excised. In this study, we describe the case of a newly developed GCT in the contralateral breast 1 year after excision of a larger breast GCT.
Breast* ; Female ; Granular Cell Tumor* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Physical Examination ; Recurrence

The pregnancy-associated breast cancer is one of the most common malignacy developing during the period of pregnancy and occupies 1-2% of the all breast cancer patients. It is not easy to make an appropriate diagnosis due to difficulty of physical examination of the breast and limitation of proper diagnostic modalities. The pregnancy-associated breast cancer had been reported to portend an extremely poor outcome. But recent studies have found no difference in survival between general breast cancer and pregnancy-associated brest cancer. The treatment of choice is the modified radical mastectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy of needed. The authors report two patients of breast cancer diagnosed and treated during pregnancy with review of literature.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Physical Examination ; Pregnancy*

A delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) is the result of delayed anamnestic alloantibody response four to fourteen days after transfusion of apparently compatible blood. Most DHTRs are very mild and may not be recognized clinically. Some are manifested only by anemia. Only a few cases are severe enough to induce a massive hemolytic reaction followed by frank renal failure. Recently, we experienced a case of DHTR with acute renal failure (ARF) due to anti-E. A 21-year-old woman received compatible four units of packed red cells after right artificial total hip replacement arthroplasty due to juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. She had a history of transfusion 4 years ago. Fourteen days after the transfusion, she showed a fall in hematocrit, hemoglobinuria and a positive indirect antiglobulin test, and accompanied by ARF. Anti-E was identified in the patient's serum by antibody screening and identification test at that time. She recovered from ARF after hemodialysis with conservative management. However, eventually, she died due to disseminated intravascular coagulopathy.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Anemia ; Arthritis, Juvenile ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Blood Group Incompatibility* ; Coombs Test ; Female ; Hematocrit ; Hemoglobinuria ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Renal Dialysis ; Renal Insufficiency ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: The knowledge about the nucleotides sequence of 9th chromosome that regulates the phenotype of ABO blood group has made the ABO genotyping possible. Since the genotyping can be done with only a small amount of DNA sample, it was primarily applied to the field of forensic medicine. When applied to the blood bank, it is useful in the resolution for ABO discrepancies between the cell and serum typing and determination of A and B subgroups. Rapid ABO genotyping using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method and its value in determination of ABO subgroups is presented. METHODS: ABO genotyping was performed in seven patients and three families, seven were the cases of ABO discrepancies in routine ABO grouping and three families were for the confirmation of the ABO group. To identify the 261th nucleotide, a 252 bp PCR amplifed fragment was amplified by PCR and digested with Kpn I. For 703th nucleotide, a 128 bp PCR amplified fragment was designed and digested with Alu I. To determine the ABO genotype, the patterns of digestion in DNA fragment were examined. RESULTS: Among the seven cases of ABO discrepancies, B3 and Ael were two cases each. Weakened B due to leukemia was the one, and the other two cases were cis-AB and Am. The three families for confirmation of the ABO group were acquired B due to infection one family, cis-AB two families. CONCLUSIONS: ABO genotyping is a rapid and reliable method that can be used in the case of ABO discrepancies and determination of ABO subgroups.
Blood Banks ; Digestion ; DNA ; Forensic Medicine ; Genotype ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Nucleotides ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction