Median raphe cyst is known as congenital lesion of the perineum and genitalia, but its etiology is unclear. Most investigators believe that the median raphe cyst represent defects in the embryologic developenient bf the male genitalia. Simple surgical excision is effective in most cases. We report our experience with two cases of median raphe cyst without specific symptoms. Even though median raphe cyst is asymptomatic, surgical therapy is worth applicable because it relieve a patient from cosmetic and psychotic problem.
Genitalia ; Genitalia, Male ; Humans ; Male ; Perineum ; Research Personnel

No abstract available.
Blindness, Cortical* ; Diagnosis* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Pregnancy*

Our clinical observation are based on a series of 17 cases with muscular torticollis operated on since 1955 at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 1. In a series of 4 infants and 13 older children with congential torticollis, a sternocleidomastoid tumor was detected clinically in 4 cases less than 5 months of age and in 5 older patients. 2. The age at the onset of symptoms ranged from one week to 5 years, with an average duration of symptoms of nine and a ha1f years. 3. Results of surgical correction in this series were uniformly good. 4. Secondary changes in these cases of congenital torticollis were improved only when the surgical treatment was given while there was still growth potential. 5. In our series of cases, there was no congenital deformity other than torticollis. 6. On microscopic examination of the pathologic specimen, there was no evidence of hemorrhage or pyogenic infection.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Human ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Torticollis/*congenital

No abstract available.
Colitis, Ulcerative* ; Ulcer*

PURPOSE: This exploratory study aims to identify various factors influencing the rehabilitation nursing competencies (RNC) of nurses in various types of health institutes. METHODS: The researcher developed a questionnaire consisting of 45 items based on the ARN rehabilitation nursing competency model. Subjects were 434 nurses working at general hospitals, long-term care facilities, or community health centers. RESULTS: Nurses' RNC were significantly higher among those who have higher levels of education, receive continuing education in rehabilitation nursing, and practice more frequently in rehabilitation nursing. Age and duration of nursing career were significant only for interprofessional care domain. General hospital nurses scored highest in every domain while nurses working at long-term care facilities scored lowest in every domain. Multiple regression analysis showed that practicing daily or more than twice per week in rehabilitation nursing, achieving master's degree or higher, and working at long-term care facilities were statistically significant factors with RNC. These factors explained 31.1% of the total variability in RNC in this sample. CONCLUSION: Currently, there is no official certification program for rehabilitation nurse practitioners in South Korea. The results of this study would be useful in developing RNC training programs for Korean nurses, and provide strong evidence for necessity of certified rehabilitation nurse specialists.
Academies and Institutes ; Certification ; Community Health Centers ; Education ; Education, Continuing ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Korea ; Long-Term Care ; Nurse Practitioners ; Nursing ; Rehabilitation Nursing* ; Rehabilitation* ; Specialization

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes of trabeculectomy performed on eyes with medically uncontrolled acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG). METHODS: The authors reviewed 31 eyes of 30 acute primary angle-closure glaucoma patients who had undergone trabeculectomy. The eyes were divided into two groups: eyes which did not respond to medical and/or laser treatment (Group A, 16 eyes) and those which initially responded to medical and/or laser treatment and later had an intraocular pressure (IOP) increase (Group B, 15 eyes). Complete success was defined as a final IOP below 21 mmHg without medication, and qualified success was defined as a final IOP below 21 mmHg with medication. Patients whose postoperative IOP was 22 mmHg or greater on at least two serial measurements or who required additional glaucoma surgery were classified as failures. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 43.1+/-32.3 months. The five-year qualified success rate was 56.3% in Group A and 100% in Group B (log-rank test, p=0.02). The preoperative IOP was significantly higher in Group A (38.0+/-11.5 mmHg) than in Group B (21.8+/-12.2 mmHg) (p<0.01). Factors found not to be significant included age, gender, peripheral anterior synechiae, a glaucomatous optic disc, and visual field damage. The postoperative complications were similar between the two groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The medically uncontrolled AACG appears to have an adverse effect on the outcome of trabeculectomy. Success of trabeculectomy in AACG seems to be inversely related with elevated preoperative intraocular pressure.
Eye ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Postoperative Complications ; Trabeculectomy ; Visual Fields

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes of trabeculectomy performed on eyes with medically uncontrolled acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG). METHODS: The authors reviewed 31 eyes of 30 acute primary angle-closure glaucoma patients who had undergone trabeculectomy. The eyes were divided into two groups: eyes which did not respond to medical and/or laser treatment (Group A, 16 eyes) and those which initially responded to medical and/or laser treatment and later had an intraocular pressure (IOP) increase (Group B, 15 eyes). Complete success was defined as a final IOP below 21 mmHg without medication, and qualified success was defined as a final IOP below 21 mmHg with medication. Patients whose postoperative IOP was 22 mmHg or greater on at least two serial measurements or who required additional glaucoma surgery were classified as failures. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 43.1+/-32.3 months. The five-year qualified success rate was 56.3% in Group A and 100% in Group B (log-rank test, p=0.02). The preoperative IOP was significantly higher in Group A (38.0+/-11.5 mmHg) than in Group B (21.8+/-12.2 mmHg) (p<0.01). Factors found not to be significant included age, gender, peripheral anterior synechiae, a glaucomatous optic disc, and visual field damage. The postoperative complications were similar between the two groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The medically uncontrolled AACG appears to have an adverse effect on the outcome of trabeculectomy. Success of trabeculectomy in AACG seems to be inversely related with elevated preoperative intraocular pressure.
Eye ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Postoperative Complications ; Trabeculectomy ; Visual Fields

Primary pulmonary hypertension is a rar, incurable, and progressive clinical entity. When associated with pregnancy, the prognosis of primary pulmonary hypertension is worsened with maternal mortality rates of at least 50%. The patient was a 29-year-old mother in her 2nd pregnancy, with previous uncomplicated gestation, 5 years ago. She had been well until the 28th week of present gestation when she was admitted because of increasing dyspnea on exertion. She was a housewife with no remarkable family and past histories. We have experienced a patient with primary pulmonary hypertension in pregnancy. She was treated with an oral calcium-channel blocker and low-molecular-weight heparin and was delivered vaginally with good maternal and fetal outcome. So we report a case of primary pulmonary hypertension associated with pregnancy and review literature.
Adult ; Dyspnea ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary* ; Maternal Mortality ; Mothers ; Pregnancy* ; Prognosis

No abstract available.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the usefulness of neonatal nucleated red blood cell counts (nRBC) as an independent predictor of fetal hypoxia and perinatal outcome in severe preeclampsia. METHODS: One hundred thirty eight patients with severe preeclampsia were studied. Umbilical artery Dopppler velocimetry was performed in all patients, and were divided into two groups, the control group with present umbilical artery end diastolic velocity, and the case group with absent or reversed velocity. The patients were also separately grouped as another control (n=58), acute (n=19), and chronic hypoxia (n=55) according to abnormal Doppler findings, presence of oligohydramnios, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and pattern of fetal heart rate tracings during labor. At delivery, the umbilical cord blood was collected and the levels of nRBC per 100 WBC were measured from the samples along with blood gas analysis. The results were compared between the control and acute groups, and chronic hypoxic fetus. Correlation with perinatal outcomes was also evaluated. Student's t-test, ANOVA, and regression analysis were performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Those with absent or reversed end diastolic velocity did not have significantly greater nRBC counts, but had lower platelet counts (p=0.02), lower pO2 (p=0.005), and higher pCO2 saturation levels (p=0.01). There were no significant differences with regard to nRBC counts among the control, acute, and chronic hypoxia groups. Elevated nRBC counts were significantly associated with neonatal intensive care unit stay of more than 28 days (p=0.013), respiratory distress syndrome (p=0.003), disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, or sepsis (p=0.041). CONCLUSION: nRBC counts did not show significant difference according to umbilical artery Doppler velocity. Also we could not find any difference between the control, acute, and chronic hypoxic group, suggesting that nRBC counts does not correlate with both hypoxic status, or duration of hypoxia. Correlation with elevated nRBC counts and neonatal intensive care unit stay of more than 28 days, respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, and sepsis was observed. However, the overlapping results and the wide range of nRBC counts according to the complications limits its role as a predictor of poor perinatal outcome.
Anoxia ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Erythrocyte Count ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Fetal Hypoxia* ; Fetus ; Heart Rate, Fetal ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Oligohydramnios ; Platelet Count ; Pre-Eclampsia* ; Pregnancy ; Rheology ; Sepsis ; Umbilical Arteries