1.Study on Variation of Endemic Mumps Viruses in Korea.
Kyung Il MIN ; Do Keun KIM ; Soo Yeul CHO ; Kwang Soo AHN ; Bok Soon MIN ; Byoung Guk KIM ; Sang Ja BAN ; Sook Jin HUR ; Sue Nie PARK ; Kil Ung LEE
Journal of the Korean Society of Virology 2000;30(2):113-124
No Abstract Available.
Korea*
;
Mumps virus*
;
Mumps*
2.The Preventive Effect of Systemic Treatment with Interferon-alpha2B for Infertility of Mumps Orchitis.
Ja Hyeon KU ; Yong Soon YIM ; Chang Ho LEE ; Young Ho KIM ; Yun Seob SONG ; Youn Soo JEON ; Min Eui KIM ; Nam Kyu LEE ; Young Ho PARK
Korean Journal of Fertility and Sterility 1999;26(1):111-116
Postpubertal mumps may result in ochitis and permanent testicular atrophy may develop following infection. This present study was initiated to evaluate the preventive effect of interferon-alpha2B on infertilty after mumps orchitis. There were 21 patients with mumps orchitis between May 1990 and June 1997. Patients were randomly distributed into 2 groups: group 1 patients (n=13) maintained therapy with interferon-alpha2B (3x10(6) IU per day) and group 2 were managed by conservatively. All of the patients were evaluated with testis size measurement, mumps virus titer, hormone level, and if possible semen analysis. For group 1 patients symptoms disappeared within 2 to 3 days and the volume of testis returned to normal within 11 days and testis atrophy was not observed in all patients in follow up. But asthenospermia was continued in 4 patients (unilateral 2, bilateral 2). For group 2 patients symptoms disappeared within 5 to 6 days and the volume of testis returned to normal within 10 days and testis atrophy was observed in 3 patients (unilateral 2, bilateral 1) in floow up. Asthenospermia was continued in 4 patients (unilateral 2, bilateral 2). Sperm count and morphology were recovered all the recover in group 1, 4 patients had persistent reduced sperm count and morphology in group 2, respectively. These observations suggest that systemic interferon-alpha2B treatment is highly effective in preventing infertility as well as testicular atrophy after mumps orchitis.
Atrophy
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Humans
;
Infertility*
;
Male
;
Mumps virus
;
Mumps*
;
Orchitis*
;
Semen Analysis
;
Sperm Count
;
Testis
3.A Case of Pediatric Mumps Parotitis Preceded by Acute Hearing Loss and Vertigo.
Sang Hyun PARK ; Bong Jik KIM ; Jae Yun JUNG
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2015;58(3):214-216
We report a case of Mumps deafness with acute vestibular symptoms in a 13-year-old boy, who developed both parotid swelling preceded by acute right hearing loss and vertigo with spontaneous nystagmus. He was diagnosed as Mumps when the antibody of Mumps virus was detected in the serum. To our knowledge, this is the first case of Mumps infection, where parotitis was preceded by hearing loss and vertigo. This study indicates that the first symptom of Mumps virus infection could be hearing loss or vertigo.
Adolescent
;
Deafness
;
Hearing Loss*
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Mumps virus
;
Mumps*
;
Parotitis*
;
Vertigo*
4.Two Cases of Mumps Involving Only Submandibular Glands.
Bung Yoon CHOI ; Deung Ho LEE ; Sung Hwan JUN ; Jung Hwan BANG
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2006;49(8):862-865
Mumps virus infections usually involve the parotid glands. It usually spreads from a human reservoir by airborne droplet of infected saliva. Therefore, early proper diagnosis and isolation of patients can help to inhibit dissemination of the disease. Diagnosis of mumps virus infection is mainly dependent on clinical inspection, palpation of the parotid and laboratory tests, because most mumps virus infections involve the parotid gland. Isolated submandibular gland involvement in mumps is rare and presents diagnostic challenge. We report unusual consecutive cases of mumps virus infections in two patients who were brothers, for whom bilateral submandibular glands were found to be involved paring parotid glands. These cases instruct us not to exclude mumps virus infection even in isolated uni/bilateral submandibular gland swelling.
Diagnosis
;
Humans
;
Mumps virus
;
Mumps*
;
Palpation
;
Parotid Gland
;
Saliva
;
Siblings
;
Submandibular Gland*
5.Epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of mumps in Fujian province, 2005-2017.
D LI ; Z F CHEN ; X H YANG ; W Y PAN ; Q WANG ; S H ZHANG ; N X ZHENG ; L F HUANG ; Y ZHOU
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2018;39(10):1356-1361
Objective: To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of mumps in Fujian province, 2005-2017. Methods: All the reported mumps cases were collected through the National Notifiable Disease Information Management System, 2005-2017. Active search and interviews were conducted to collect the information on vaccination of mumps. Throat swab specimens were collected for cells culture, genotyping and gene sequence analysis on mumps virus (MuV). Results: A total of 83 959 cases of mumps were reported in Fujian province from 2005 to 2017, with an average annual incidence of 17.6 per 100 000. Since 2007, the incidence appeared increasing but then decreasing, reaching the lowest level (7.5 per 100 000), after the setup of a monitoring program. Annually, the onset time of mumps showed an obvious two seasonal peaks, one from April to July, with a weakening trend, and the other from October to January with a rising trend. Most of the mumps cases occurred among students, kindergarten and scattered children (89.2%, 5 814/6 517), children aged 5-9 years (38.8%, 2 527/6 517), with cases reported from every region. Program from the pathogen surveillance showed that the transmission chain of G genotype mumps virus did exist in Fujian. Data from the sequence analysis revealed that mutations in the nucleotide of G genotype strain in 2015 had led to mutation of 6 amino acid sites in the SH gene coding region, resulting in the differences appearing in both nucleotide and amino acid homology with type A vaccine strain. Conclusions: The incidence of mumps decreased annually, in Fujian. Prevention programs should focus on primary and secondary school students. In Fujian province, we also noticed the transmission chain of mumps G genotype with some amino acid mutations in the SH gene coding region. Monitor programs on both epidemiologic and etiology, should be strengthened.
Child
;
Child, Preschool
;
China/epidemiology*
;
Genotype
;
Humans
;
Incidence
;
Mumps/epidemiology*
;
Mumps virus/pathogenicity*
;
Phylogeny
;
Sequence Analysis
6.Comparative analysis on the complete genome sequence of mumps epidemic strain and mumps vaccine strain S79 isolated in Zhejiang province, China between year 2005 and 2010.
Dong-Yan ZHANG ; Yan FENG ; Shu-Ling ZHONG ; Yi-Yu LU ; Fang-Cheng ZHUANG ; Chang-Ping XU
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012;46(3):252-257
OBJECTIVETo compare the differences in the complete genome sequence between mumps epidemic strain and mumps vaccine strain S79 isolated in Zhejiang province.
METHODSA total of 4 mumps epidemic strains, which were separated from Zhejiang province during 2005 to 2010, named as ZJ05-1, ZJ06-3, ZJ08-1 and ZJ10-1 were selected in the study. The complete genome sequences were amplified using RT-PCR. The genetic differences between vaccine strain S79 and other genotype strains were compared; while the genetic-distance was calculated and the evolution was analyzed.
RESULTSThe biggest difference between the 4 epidemic strains and the vaccine strain S79 was found on the membrane associated protein gene; whose average nucleotide differential number was 42.5 +/- 3.0 and the average variant ratio was 13.6%; while the mean amino acid differential number was 12.8 +/- 1.5 and the average variant ratio was 22.4%. The smallest difference among the 4 epidemic strains and the vaccine strain was found in stromatin genes, whose average nucleotide differential number was 73.8 +/- 2.5 and the average variant ratio was 5.9%; while the mean amino acid differential number was 3.0 +/- 0.8 and the average variant ratio was 0.8%. The dn/ds value of the stromatin genes of the 4 epidemic strains reached the highest, as 0.6526; but without any positive pressure (dn/ds < 1, chi2 = 0.87, P > 0.05). There were mutations happened on the known antigen epitope, as 8th amino acid of membrane associated protein genes and on the 336th and 356th amino acid of hemagglutinin/neuraminidase proteins. Compared with the vaccine strain, the glycosylation sites of ZJ05-1, ZJ06-3, ZJ08-1 and ZJ10-1 increased 1, 1, 2 and 2 respectively. The complete amino acid sequence of all strains showed that there were 17 characteristic sites found on the genotype-F mumps strain. Within the complete genome, the genetic-distance between epidemic strains and vaccine strains in Zhejiang province (0.071) was significantly larger than the genetic-distance between strains in Yunnan province (0.013); the difference showing statistical significance (t = 4.14, P < 0.05). Except nucleocapsid protein genes, all the genes shared similar evolution tree.
CONCLUSIONThere were significant differences found in the genes between mumps epidemic strain and mumps vaccine in Zhejiang province.
Amino Acid Sequence ; China ; epidemiology ; Genome, Viral ; Genotype ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mumps ; epidemiology ; genetics ; virology ; Mumps Vaccine ; Mumps virus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Viral Proteins ; genetics
7.Resurgence of Mumps in Korea.
Infection and Chemotherapy 2015;47(1):1-11
Routine vaccination against mumps has markedly reduced its incidence. However, the incidence of mumps continuously has increased since 2007. In 2013, a large mumps epidemic occurred in Korea, and this epidemic is still an ongoing problem. This epidemic occurred primarily in school settings and affected vaccinated adolescents, predominantly male students. The recent resurgence of mumps is caused by multiple factors: suboptimal effectiveness of the current mumps vaccines, use of the Rubini strain vaccine, waning immunity in the absence of natural boosting due to the marked reduction in the mumps incidence, genotype mismatch between the vaccine and circulating mumps virus strains, and environmental conditions that foster intense exposures. Containment of mumps outbreaks is challenging because the sensitivity of diagnostic tests is low among vaccinees and control measures are less efficient because of the inherent nature of the mumps virus. Despite the suboptimal vaccine effectiveness in outbreak settings, maintaining the high vaccine coverage is an important strategy to prevent mumps outbreaks, given that the routine use of mumps vaccines has substantially reduced the incidence of mumps and its complications as compared with that in the pre-vaccine era. In order to control the current mumps epidemic and prevent further outbreaks, we need to better understand the dynamics of mumps among vaccinated populations and the changing epidemiology in Korea. Concerted efforts should be made to systematically monitor the immunization status of the Korean population and to improve diagnosis efficiency. Furthermore, more effective mumps vaccines need to be developed in the future.
Adolescent
;
Containment of Biohazards
;
Diagnosis
;
Diagnostic Tests, Routine
;
Disease Outbreaks
;
Epidemiology
;
Genotype
;
Humans
;
Immunization
;
Incidence
;
Korea
;
Male
;
Mumps Vaccine
;
Mumps virus
;
Mumps*
;
Republic of Korea
;
Vaccination
;
Vaccines
8.Reemergence of mumps.
Korean Journal of Pediatrics 2010;53(5):623-628
The mumps virus is a single-stranded, non-segmented, negative-sense RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family. Mumps is characterized by bilateral or unilateral swelling of the parotid gland. Aseptic meningitis is a common complication, and orchitis is also common in adolescents and adult men. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings, but because of high vaccination coverage, clinical findings alone are not sufficient for diagnosis, and laboratory confirmation is needed. Mumps is preventable by vaccination, but despite high vaccination coverage, epidemics occur in several countries, including Korea. Many hypotheses are suggested for these phenomena. In this review, we investigate the reason for the epidemics, optimal methods of diagnosis, and surveillance of immunization status for the prevention of future epidemics.
Adolescent
;
Adult
;
Humans
;
Immunization
;
Korea
;
Male
;
Meningitis, Aseptic
;
Mumps
;
Mumps virus
;
Orchitis
;
Paramyxoviridae
;
Parotid Gland
;
RNA Viruses
;
Vaccination
9.Molecular Epidemiology of Mumps Virus Circulated in Gwangju.
Sun Hee KIM ; Mihee SEO ; Jung Wook PARK ; Sun Ju CHO ; Yi Deun HA ; Dong Ryong HA ; Eun Sun KIM ; Hae Ji KANG ; Sung Soon KIM ; Kisoon KIM ; Jae Keun CHUNG
Journal of Bacteriology and Virology 2015;45(2):132-137
The recent mumps epidemic in South Korea has generated a large amount of public concern. This study has attempted to analyze molecular epidemiological changes of mumps virus circulating in Gwangju metropolitan area, South Korea. 953 throat swab samples were collected from patients with parotitis from May 2013 to July 2014. The majority (71.5%) of these cases have occurred in middle or high school students aged from 15 to 19 years. All samples were tested using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) that targets the short hydrophobic (SH) gene of the virus. Mumps virus SH gene was detected in 39.2% (374/953) of samples. And 82 RT-PCR products were randomly selected for nucleotide sequencing analysis. All of these sequences were determined as genotype I by phylogenetic analysis and showed the highest nucleic acid similarity (99%) with Dg1062/Korea/98 (GenBank accession no. AY309060). These results suggested that appearance of new genotype or genetic variation at the nucleotide level could be ruled out to evaluate main cause of recent mumps outbreak in Gwangju metropolitan area.
Genetic Variation
;
Genotype
;
Gwangju
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Molecular Epidemiology*
;
Mumps
;
Mumps virus*
;
Parotitis
;
Pharynx
;
Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Reverse Transcription
10.Effects of Mumps Virus Nucleocapsid Protein on the Viral Replication and Apoptosis in VeroE6 Cells.
Journal of Bacteriology and Virology 2003;33(3):193-201
Apoptosis, as a part of the natural defense mechanisms that protect against viral infection, plays a vital role in the pathogenic mechanisms. It also plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diseases including many viral diseases. Mechanisms of virus-induced apoptosis are not completely understood because of the complexity of the underlying biochemical cascades and all of the participating host factors. Mumps virus belongs to the genus Rubulavirus in the family Paramyxoviridae. It contains single stranded RNA genome with negative polarity. It was observed that mumps virus induced apoptosis in VeroE6 cells, and adsorption and penetration of mumps virus to cell membrane alone were not sufficient for the induction of cell death. When mumps virus was superinfected onto nucleocapsid protein (NP) expressing VeroE6 cells, cell viability and facterial titer were maintained until 13 and 12 day, respectively. The levels of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2 were increased in NP-expressing VeroE6 cells, and the increase in Bax, and Bcl-2 was outstanding. It was observed that NP protein did not directly affect the efficiency of the infection of mumps virus in NP-expressing VeroE6 cells. The levels of p53, and Bax were decreased in both mock-infected VeroE6 cells and NP-expressing VeroE6 cells infected with mumps virus. However, the Bcl-2 level was little affected by the virus infection.
Adsorption
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Apoptosis*
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Cell Death
;
Cell Membrane
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Cell Survival
;
Defense Mechanisms
;
Genome
;
Humans
;
Mumps virus*
;
Mumps*
;
Nucleocapsid Proteins*
;
Nucleocapsid*
;
Paramyxoviridae
;
RNA
;
Rubulavirus
;
Virus Diseases