1.Characterization of bioactive compound from actinomycetes for antibiofilm activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria
Diana Elizabeth Waturangi ; Beatrix Sri Rahayu, Kezia Yolanda Lalu, Michael ; Noryawati Mulyono
Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 2016;12(4):291-299
Aims: Biofilm is an assemblage of microorganisms enclosed in a matrix of extracellular materials, such as, extracellular
polysaccharide (EPS), and relates to bacterial virulence, pathogenesis, and environmental survival. Bacteria inside
biofilm are more resistant to conventional antibiotics and the host immune system. Non-biocidal antibiofilm compounds
have been developed to address this problem. Specifically, actinomycetes have known to produce many metabolite
compounds that have useful application in medicine and biotechnology. The study aimed to characterize bioactive
compounds from actinomycetes crude extract that have capability as a multispecies antibiofilm agent.
Methodology and results: In this study, none of the isolates had shown any antimicrobial activity. Based on the
antibiofilm assay, most of the isolates have the capability to inhibit and to destroy biofilm formation of pathogenic
bacteria at a 5% and 10% dosage. The crude extracts showing the highest activity for antibiofilm inhibition were
extracted from Streptomyces sp. The characterization of the bioactive compounds showed that different components of
a particular isolate responsible for its antibiofilm activity against pathogenic bacteria. The SW19 isolate had a nucleic
acid, KP12 isolate had a combination of the three component (polysaccharide, protein, and nucleic acid), and CW17
isolate had a combination of polysaccharide and nucleic acid as the active compound for antibiofilm activity.
Conclusion, significance and impact study: Thus, the bioactive crude extracts from actinomycetes has high potential
to be used in treating biofilm-related infection and further research is needed to purify the bioactive compound from the
crude extract which has antibiofilm activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
Biofilms
2.Protectivity and safety following recombinant hepatitis B vaccine with different source of bulk compared to hepatitis B (Bio Farma) vaccine in Indonesia
Yetty M. NENCY ; Farid Agung RAHMADI ; Mulyono ; Dimas Tri ANANTYO ; Nur FARHANAH ; Rebriarina HAPSARI ; Helmia FARIDA ; Udadi SADHANA ; Herry DJAGAT ; Tri Nur KRISTINA ; Achmad Zulfa JUNIARTO ; Mita PUSPITA ; Rini Mulia SARI ; Novilia Sjafri BACHTIAR
Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research 2022;11(1):43-52
Purpose:
Indonesia, a high populous and the second-highest country in epidemicity of hepatitis B in South-East Asia require maintaining its capacity of monovalent hepatitis B production to keep up with both the national immunization program and global needs. To keep the sustainability of the vaccine, a new bulk is needed to be made available. This study aims to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of Bio Farma newly formulated recombinant hepatitis B vaccines, which came from different sources of bulk, compared to the already registered hepatitis B vaccine.
Materials and Methods:
An experimental, randomized, double-blind, cohort intervention phase II clinical trial was conducted on three recombinant hepatitis B vaccines from different bulk sources, with Bio Farma registered hepatitis B vaccine as the control group. A total of 536 participants around age 10 to 40 years old were thricely vaccinated with twice serological assessments. The subject’s safety was monitored for 28 days after each vaccination.
Results:
Of 536 enrolled participants, 521 finished the vaccination and serology assessments. The investigational products were proven not to be inferior to the control. All vaccines were well tolerated. No differences in rates of local and systemic reactions were seen between the investigational products and control. No serious adverse event was found to be related to the investigational vaccines.
Conclusion
Investigational vaccines are shown to be equally immunogenic and safe as the control vaccine.