OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the recovery rate of sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children, and explore the prognostic factors in order to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment. METHOD: A retrospective review was conducted for the prognosis of children with sudden sensorineural hearing loss during the past 5 years (from November 2010 to May 2015) in Chinese PLA General Hospital. This paper have a complete clinical data of 101 patients (113 ears)with sudden hearing loss, ranging from 0 to 18 years old Patients were divided into four groups according to hearing recovery and eight putative prognostic factors were analyzed. RESULT: Among 101 patients (113 ears), the ratio of male and female was 60:53. Treatment was initiated from 1 to 183 days after disease onset, with an average of (18.5 ± 22.1) d. Bilateral and unilateral hearing loss were 24 ears and 89 ears, respectively. The proportion of mild hearing loss, moderate hearing loss, severe hearing loss and profound hearing loss were 7.1%, 6.2%, 23.9% and 62.8%, respectively. Vertigo and tinnitus occurred in 54.9% and 77.9% of the patients, respectively. After the treatment, the complete recovery rate was 9.7% and the overall recovery rate was 36.3%. The degree of hearing loss, earlier treatment onset, sex and bilateral involvement were significantly associated with hearing recovery (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children was generally identified as severe and profound hearing loss, but after positive and timely treatment, it can be improved or even cured. The mild hearing loss, earlier treatment onset, unilateral hearing loss and female were positive prognostic factors. The concurrence of tinnitus or vertigo, the results of ABR and DPOAE had no significant influence on prognosis.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; diagnosis ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; diagnosis ; Hearing Loss, Unilateral ; diagnosis ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tinnitus ; complications ; Vertigo ; complications

Objective: To understand the influence of post-abortion care (PAC) on the reproductive health of unmarried female college students,and to provide scientific basis for reproductive health education. Methods: A total of 486 unmarried female college students who received artificial abortion voluntarily due to unwanted pregnancy and had complete follow-up data were investigated by questionnaires before and six months after the operation from July 2017 to June 2018 in the Tongde hospital of Zhejiang Province. Results: There were 248 patients with abortion history, including 15 patients with abortion frequency ≥3 times.72 cases of high-risk abortion, the high-risk factors were re-abortion within half a year and the number of abortion ≥3 times; After PAC intervention, the awareness rate on menstruation and ovulation knowledge, scientific contraceptive knowledge, prevention of sexually transmitted diseases knowledge(types of diseases,raltes of transmission and preventive measures), and the harm of abortion knowledge(short-term and longterm complications), was higher than before(χ2=21.42, 69.65, 71.09, 52.80, 63.25, 187.59, 356.02, P<0.05). Before intervention, only 53.7% (261/486) of female college students used medium and low efficiency contraceptive measures, only 0.4% (2/486) were high-efficiency contraceptive measures. After intervention, all of them used contraceptive measures, The rate of effective contraceptive measures in the immediate and six months after operation was 85.4% (415/486) and 68.3% (332/486) respectively, which was significantly higher than before(χ2=786.10, P<0.05). Conclusion PAC service for female college students can improve awareness rate of sexual and reproductive health, enhance effective contraceptive measures, reduce the risk of repeated abortion.

Objective: To explore the effect of plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle on contraceptive methods after induced abortion in female college students. Methods: A total of 456 unmarried female college students who underwent artificial abortion in Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January 2018 to May 2019 were selected. These students were randomly divided into control group (n=228) and intervention group(n=228). Students from the control group accepted Post Abortion Care (PAC) service, while the intervention group accepted the management of PDCA cycle on basis of PAC services. Results: In the intervention group, the rate of highly effective contraception immediately after abortion and six months after abortion were 91.23% and 71.17% respectively, while in the control group were 82.89% and 60.00%, the intervention group was higher than the control group(χ2=7.03, 5.98, P<0.05). The rate of unsafe contraceptive in the intervention group six months after abortion was 3.60%, while in the control group was 20.00%, the intervention group was lower than the control group(χ2=28.35, P<0.05). Conclusion The PDCA cycle can effectively improve the utilization rate of high efficiency contraceptive methods after induced abortion in college students, reduce the rate of unsafe contraceptive six months after abortion, and it is helpful to reduce the incidence of short-term unplanned pregnancy after abortion.

Objective: To explore the effect of reproductive health education on health literacy of hospitalized female adolescents,and to provide reference for the protection of their physical and mental health. Methods: A total of 102 female adolescents who were hospitalized in department of gynaecology from January 2019 to December 2019 were selected for reproductive health education and questionnaire survey. Results: There were 65 cases of unplanned pregnancy (4 cases of tubal pregnancy), 18 cases of gynecological tumor (1 case of ovarian malignancy), 11 cases of gynecological inflammation (1 case of tubal abscess), and 8 cases of abnormal uterine bleeding (2 cases of blood transfusion).Eighty-six patients (84.3%) were treated surgically, 7 cases had their ovaries and/or fallopian tubes removed. After reproductive health education,health literacy of menstruation and ovulation, reproductive organ tumor, gynecological inflammation(inducing factors,clinical manifestations,harmfulness), harm of premature sexual life, scientific contraception, sexually transmitted diseases(types,transmission routes,preventioe measures), abortion hazard(short-term and longterm complications) and necessity of health examination improved significantly(χ2=14.8, 25.1, 15.7, 30.6, 18.6, 25.9, 31.1, 17.8, 19.1, 15.2, 40.1, 58.6, 69.8, P<0.05). Conclusion The lack of reproductive health knowledge of female hospitalized adolescents may lead to unplanned pregnancy, tumor, inflammation and abnormal uterine bleeding.Reproductive health education can significantly improve the health literacy of female adolescents and ensure their physical and mental health.

Objective: To observe the incidence and to determine the significance of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) in laryngeal cancer and vocal leukoplakia. Methods: The patients who had been diagnosed as laryngeal cancer or vocal leukoplakia between January 2014 and June 2017 were included in this study. All of them received 24-hour multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring. The prevalence of LPR and numerous parameters from the 24-hour pH monitoring in laryngeal cancer patient and vocal leukoplakia patient groups were analyzed. The chi-square test was used for counting data, t test and Mann-Whitney U were used for measuring data. Results: In the 91 laryngeal cancer patients, the prevalence of pathologic LPR was 28.6%(26/91), the median number[P₂₅, P₇₅, P₉₅]of acid reflux events was 0[0, 3, 5], time of acid exposure was 0[0, 14, 234]s, number of weakly acidic reflux events was 3[0, 6, 11]. In the 54 vocal leukoplakia patients, the prevalence of pathologic LPR was 29.6%(16/54), the number of acid reflux events was 0[0, 3, 4], time of acid exposure was 0[0, 13, 118]s, number of weakly acidic reflux events was 1.5[0, 5, 9]. The incidence of LPR did not vary in the laryngeal cancer patient and vocal leukoplakia patient groups, but were both higher than healthy Chinese volunteers according to a report in the other literature. Furthermore, all the three patients with no history of tobacco or alcohol existed acid or weakly acidic reflux episodes. Conclusions Laryngopharyngeal reflux might play a role as an etiologic factor in laryngeal cancer and vocal leukoplakia.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of pepsin strip test in the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux. Methods: From August 2017 to September 2018,80 patients in Department of Otorhniolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Chinese People′s Liberation Army General Hospital-Six Medical Centre, underwent pepsin strip test and 24-hour multichannel intraluminal impedance(MII)-pH monitoring. The results of the two methods were analyzed for consistency,and 24-hour MII-pH monitoring was used as a statistical reference for the sensitivity and specificity of pepsin strip test in the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software. Results: There were 57 patients with positive pepsin test strip and 23 patients with negative pepsin test strip. The score of reflux symptoms and signs, and the positive rate of laryngopharyngeal reflux events in patients with positive pepsin strip test were significantly higher than those in patients with negative pepsin test strip. If there was one or more throat reflux events (including acid reflux,weak acid reflux and alkali reflux) as the positive results of 24-hour MII-pH monitoring,the consistency between the results of pepsin strip and 24-hour MII-pH was moderate (Kappa=0.614). The sensitivity and specificity of pepsin strip were 86.9% (53/61) and 78.9% (15/19) respectively. Conclusions Pepsin strip detection has the advantages of non-invasive,cheap and easy to operate.As an objective method for early diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux, pepsin strip detectionis feasible,but can not be the final diagnosis for laryngopharyngeal reflux disease.