BACKGROUND:Numerical stimulation technology is a good method to analyze blood flow changes after intracranial aneurysm stenting that oftenresult in restenosis.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the hemodynamic effect of stent implantation on patient-specific intracranial aneurysm and the distribution of the wal shear stress on the stent surface.
METHODS:Brain CT data from a patient with intracranial aneurysm were extracted and optimized to establish a patient-specific intracranial aneurysm materialization model. Meanwhile, a three-dimensional model of rectangular section spiral stent was designed to develop an aneurysm model with the stent by the method of boolean operation. Then, the possibility of restenosis was analyzed based on the distribution of wal shear stress on the surface of stent model.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The wal shear stress on the stent surface which was more than 40 Pa increasedalong with the increase of blood velocity and blood viscosity at the same moment. However, the wal shear stress on the stent surface which was less than 0.5 Pa decreased along with the increase of blood viscosity, and its distribution was the largest when the blood velocity was 0. This stent provides a new insight into the controling of the aneurysm growth and rupture, but the restenosis area is too large. In order to prevent restenosis, the stent need to be optimized or reselected to keep the desired shear stress values of 0.5 to 40 Pa, and meanwhile to minimize the pulsating change of wal shear stress during a cardiac cycle.

Objective To establish a novel method for simultaneous determination of three ingredients (codeine phosphate, brompheniramine maleate and ephedrine hydrochloride) in compound codeine phosphate solution by using capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled with electrochemiluminescence (ECL). Methods Based on enhanced ECL intensity of tris (2,2′-bypyridine) ruthenium (Ⅱ) with codeine phosphate, brompheniramine maleate and ephedrine hydrochloride, as well as the linear correlation between enhanced sensitivity intensity and drug concentration, Parameters affecting separation and detection were optimized. Results Under the optimized conditions, we determined the linear range, regression equation and detection limit for the three ingredients. The relative standard deviation of ECL intensity for twelve consecutive injections of 1.0×10~(-5)kg/L standard sample of three kinds of drug was 2.89% for codeine phosphate, 3.76% for brompheniramine maleate and 3.32% for ephedrine hydrochloride, respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained without interference from sample matrixes. Conclusion The method was successfully applied to the determination of three ingredients in oral solution of compound codeine phosphate, with the recovery rate of 100.4% for codeine phosphate, 101.9% for brompheniramine maleate and 99.8% for ephedrine hydrochloride.

Objective To establish an animal experimental model of immediately peri-implant bone defects in rabbit mandibular anterior teeth,and to investigate the osteogenetic capability of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on bone defects around implant.Methods Eight rabbits were involved,whose bilateral mandibular anterior teeth were removed to form the bone defects with 2 mm × 3 mm area on the buccal side of tooth extraction sockets,and then the implants were implanted immediately.The rabbits were divided into two groups.The implants were Bio-oss with DPSCs and Bio-oss with phosphate buffer saline respectively for the experimental group and the control group.The bone regeneration in the defect region was evaluated by general observation,hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Goldner trichrome staining and scanning electron microscope (SEM) at 4 weeks after implantation.Results The implantations were successfully conducted,and the implants were stable.There was no significant difference between the implants.The results of the HE staining and the trichrome staining showed that in the experimental group,new bone tissue and partial woven bone formed,and the properties of the newly formed bone cells were large,abundant,well differentiation,and arranging in woven pattern.While in the control group,the new bone-like tissue formation was less,and the mature cell differentiation was ordinary.The SEM results showed that there was a higher osteointegration between the new bone and the implant in the experimental group comparing with the control group.Conclusions The capability of Bio-oss with DPSCs is relatively superior to single Bio-oss in osteogenesis and osseointegration.

Objective To analyze the acoustic features of plosive consonants in Uyghur as spoken by persons with post-palatoplasty velopharyngeal insufficiency.Methods Thirty-one Uyghur-speaking children without a speech disorder were selected as a control group,while 28 others with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) formed the VPI group.All were recorded speaking 9 Uyghur words which contain the plosive consonants/b/,/d/and/g/.The consonants' duration (CD),amplitude (CA),their first formants (VF1),second formants (VF2),third formants (VF3) and fourth formants (VF4) as voiced as well as the voice onset time (VOT) were measured and analyzed using the PRAAT software for the two groups.Results The VF1,VF3 and VF4 of the plosive consonant /b/ were significantly lower for those in the VPI group than among the controls,and the CD of/b/was significantlylonger.There were also significant differences between the two groups in terms of the VF1s,VF3s and CDs of the other plosive consonants.The VOTs of the consonant/b/,/d/ and/g/ were (0.12±0.05)s,(0.10±0.03)s and (0.09±0.03) s,respectively,with an occurrence rate of up to 100％ in the control group,significantly different from those in the VPI group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The acoustic features of the three plosive consonants/b/,/d/ and /g/ can distinguish Uyghur-speaking children with velopharyngeal insufficiency from those with normal speech.

China ; Humans ; Serogroup ; Shigella

Objective:To report a case of McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS). Methods:Investigated one case's clinical data of McCune-Albright syndrome and reviewed related literatures. Analyzed the cause of disease,clinical manifestation, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Results: The diagnostic criteria of MAS are the fibrous dysplasia of bone (FD), in addition to at least a kind of typical hypercrinemia, and (or) special café-au-lait skin spots. A definite diagnosis can be made by discovering the mutation of Gs α-gene in cyst fluid from the ovarian follicle and exceptional bone tissue by gene diagnosis. Conclusion:MAS is a rare disease in clinic and the most of domestic doctors don't know it yet, so it is easy to be misdiagnosed or missed diagnosis. There is no specific treatment for MAS. We must consider it when encounter these patients with sexual precocity as well as with café-au-lait skin spots, and it will be helpful to treat by earlier discovery.

BACKGROUND:Cerebral aneurysm is a kind of mortal hemangioma, and its treatments such as endovascular embolization and clipping both cause high postoperative recurrence rate and mortality. So the stent implantation for cerebral aneurysm is coming into being. OBJECTTVE:To evaluate the hemodynamic parameters after stent implantation into cerebral aneurysm and to provide a novel feasible strategy for clinical treatment. METHODS:A retrospective analysis was preformed based on the CT image data of 11 patients with cerebral aneurysm from the Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. Firstly, the flexible and solid model of cerebral aneurysm was established by the MIMICS and reverse engineering. Secondly, the matching stent model was implanted into the cerebral aneurysm, and then the blood flow structure of cerebral aneurysm was analyzed by the fluid dynamics theory and the Fluent with the method of two-way flow solid coupling. Final y, comparative analysis of the kinetic parameters of cerebral aneurysm before and after implantation, including wal pressure, blood velocity, path line of the blood flow, wal shear stress, wal deformation was conducted, and blood flow characteristics after stent implantation were analyzed under different entrance velocity. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After implantation, the wal surface pressure was reduced about 61.1%;the blood flow velocity around the stent and the inside of the cerebral aneurysm was decelerated obviously;under setting 2 000 lines of blood flow, the number of path line of blood flow into the cerebral aneurysm reduced about 75.0%, the maximum wal shear stress decreased about 79.3%, and the maximum wal deformation reduced to a lower level. The entrance velocity was respectively v1=0.1 m/s, v2=0.2 m/s, v3=0.3 m/s and the wal pressure was in a gradient ascent;the wal shear stress increased with the velocity, meanwhile,τzou (left neck of aneurysm)<τzhong (aneurysm )<τyou (right neck of aneurysm). The path lines of blood flow mainly concentrated in the top of the aneurysm, and the blood velocity markedly affected the surface deformation. These results indicate that main hemodynamic parameters are obviously improved after stent implantation into cerebral aneurysm, and the blood velocity should never be neglectful in the treatment process.

BACKGROUND:On the basis of modern design method and numerical simulation, studies can explore the action mechanisms of sand therapy in Uyghur medicine.
OBJECTIVE:To explore a kind of non-homogeneous and isotropic biological bone finite element modeling method based on CT value, and to study the influence of sand therapy in Uyghur medicine on the mechanical properties of rabbits’ femur.
METHODS:Eight adult New Zealand white rabbits were used to establish osteoarthritis models of right posterior femur with papain. These rabbits were divided into sand therapy group and control group. In the sand therapy group, after treatment with sand therapy in Uyghur medicine, rabbit femoral models were scanned with CT. The fault image data were imported into MIMICS software. 3D model of femur was generated. The meshing was done. The material properties were given. Three-point bending in the Ansys was simulated and solved.Simultaneously, the isolated three point bending tests were performed in al rabbit models. The corresponding deflection and the maximum stress values were obtained. Finaly, the results obtained from the three-dimensional finite element modeling method were compared with the results obtained from the experiments.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The deflection and the maximum stress obtained by the three-point bending simulation analysis with the three-dimensional finite element model of the rabbits’ femur were wel correlated with the data obtained from the experiments. (2) These results indicate that the finite element modeling method is consistent with the structural and material properties of bone, which can be used to analyze the stress and deformation ofbones.

Objective: To examine the associations of arsenic and estrogen levels with the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma, so as to provide insights into prevention of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Methods: Totally 57 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma admitted to two tertiary hospitals in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in 2018 were selected as the case group, while 57 subjects with normal thyroid functions during the same period were selected as the control group. Subjects' gender, age, ethnicity, occupation and medical history of thyroid disease were collected using questionnaire surveys. Serum dimethyl arsenic acid (DMA) and monomethyl arsenic acid (MMA) were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS), serum thyroid hormone (TSH) by radioimmunoassay, estradiol (E2) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and estrogen receptor ERα and ERβ by western blotting. The associations of arsenic and estrogen levels with the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma were evaluated using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: There were 16 males (28.07%) and 41 females (71.93%) in the case group, with a mean age of (42.63±11.01) years, and there were 21 males (36.84%) and 36 females (63.16%) in the control group, with a mean age of (40.89±11.30) years. There were no significant differences between the case and control groups in terms of age (χ2=0.373, P=0.542), gender (χ2=1.000, P=0.317) or ethnic composition (χ2=0.291, P=0.590). The serum levels of TSH [2.85 (1.61) vs. 2.45 (1.79) μmol/L], E2 [74.93 (120.44) vs. 61.60 (37.35) pmol/L], ERα [1.49 (1.13) vs. 0.70 (0.31)], ERβ [1.59 (0.55) vs. 0.72 (0.36)], DMA [116.02 (100.48) vs. 32.33 (56.06) μg/L] and MMA [56.92 (47.90) vs. 27.90 (24.99) μg/L] were all significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (Z=-2.414, -2.292, -4.923, -5.167, -5.448 and -4.019, all P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed DMA (OR=1.013, 95%CI: 1.003-1.024) and E2 levels (OR=1.020, 95%CI: 1.004-1.036) were associated with the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Conclusion Increased arsenic load and elevated estradiol levels may be associated with the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of medical malpractice from different grades of hospitals and to explore forensic investigation strategies in assessing medical dispute. METHODS: A total of 206 cases of medical dispute from 2009 to 2010 investigated by the Department of Forensic Medicine in Nanjing Medical University were selected and analyzed according to fault incidence, fault-prone part, and degree of causality in the treatment. RESULTS: Among the 206 cases analyzed, tertiary hospitals, secondary hospitals and primary hospitals showed medium, high and low error rate, respectively. A majority of medical malpractice cases were distributed in the departments of surgery, medicine and gynecology. CONCLUSION The frequency and severity of medical malpractice in primary hospitals were high, which were gradually reduced in tertiary and secondary hospitals.
Dissent and Disputes ; Expert Testimony ; Forensic Medicine ; Gynecology/statistics & numerical data* ; Hospital Departments/statistics & numerical data* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Malpractice/statistics & numerical data* ; Medical Errors/statistics & numerical data* ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors