Traditionally, transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsies are done for the diagnosis of prostatecancer (PCa) in Pakistan. The transperineal template-guided saturation biopsy (TTSB) approach hasbeen recently introduced in Pakistan and we share diagnostic yields and pathological findings ofspecimens taken for PCa diagnosis in men with elevated serum total prostate specific antigen (PSA)and negative TRUS-guided prostate biopsies. In all, 16 patients investigated at the Department ofUrology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), underwent TTSB. The mean ageof patients was 67.8 ± 8.8 (range: 55 - 84) years. The median PSA was 9.5 (IQR: 7.9 - 19.8) ng/ml. The duration of symptoms before biopsy ranged from 1 month to 144 months. The prostatewas enlarged with mean weight of 73.5 ± 55.5 g. Histopathology revealed PCa in 5 of 16 (31.2%)cases. The Gleason score was 6 (3+3), 7 (3+4) and 8 (4+4) in 1 case each (6.3%) and 10 (5+5) in 2cases (12.5%). At least two cores were positive in all positive cases. None of the patients requiredantibiotics post-procedure. In conclusion, the TTSB technique is a promising option for patients withelevated PSA level and negative transrectal prostate biopsies for the detection of PCa in our settin

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In regenerative medicine, mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissues (Ad-MSCs) are a very attractive target to treat many diseases. In relation to nephrology, the aim of the current study is to investigate the effects of Ad-MSCs for the amelioration of acute kidney injury and to explore the mechanism of renal parenchymal changes in response to allogeneic transplantation of Ad-MSCs. METHODS AND RESULTS: The nephrotoxicity was induced by cisplatin (CP) in balb/c mice according to RIFLE Class and AKIN Stage 3. PCR, qRT-PCR and fluorescent labeled cells infusion, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, functional analyses were used for genes and proteins expressions data acquisition respectively. We demonstrated that single intravenous infusion of 2.5×107/kg mAd-MSCs in mice pre-injected with CP recruited to the kidney, restored the renal structure, and function, which resulted in progressive survival of mice. The renal tissue morphology was recovered in terms of diminished necrosis or epithelial cells damage, protein casts formation, infiltration of inflammatory cells, tubular dilatation, and restoration of brush border protein; Megalin and decreased Kim-1 expressions in mAd-MSCs transplanted mice. Significant reduction in serum creatinine with slashed urea and urinary protein levels were observed. Anti-BrdU staining displayed enhanced tubular cells proliferation. Predominantly, downgrade expressions of TNF-α and TGF-β1 were observed post seven days in mAd-MSCs transplanted mice. CONCLUSIONS: Ad-MSCs exerts pro-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effects. Ad-MSCs transplantation without any chemical or genetic manipulation can provide the evidence of therapeutic strategy for the origin of regeneration and overall an improved survival of the system in functionally deprived failed kidneys.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Animals ; Cisplatin ; Creatinine ; Dilatation ; Epithelial Cells ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Kidney ; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-2 ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Mice ; Microvilli ; Necrosis ; Nephrology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Regeneration ; Regenerative Medicine ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Urea