Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APML) is characterised by the t(15;17)(q22;q21), that results in the fusion of the promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) gene at 15q22 with the retinoic acid α-receptor (RARA) gene at 17q21. The current case report describes a 13-year-old male with APML, who was negative for PML/RARA fusion signal but reported to have an atypical translocation t(16;17). To the best of our knowledge this is the first case report of APML responsive to ATRA with such a translocation.

Histone modifications have been demonstrated to play a significant role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) epigenetic regulation. An in-silico analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) of various histone acetyl transferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) suggested that HATs do not differ between normal and tumor samples whereas HDAC2 and HDAC1 change maximally and marginally respectively between normal and tumor patients with no change being noted in HDAC6 expression. Hence, this investigation was carried out to validate the expression states of HDAC 1, 2 and 6 mRNAs in buccal mucosa and tongue SCC samples in an Indian cohort. Buccal mucosa and tongue squamous cell carcinoma tissues with intact histopathology were processed for RNA isolation followed by cDNA synthesis which was then subjected to q-PCR for HDACs. The average RNA yield of the tongue tissue sample was ∼2 μg/mg of tissue and the A260/280 ratios were between 2.03 and 2.06. The average RNA yield of buccal mucosa tissue sample was ∼1 μg/mg of tissue and the A260/280 ratio were between 2.00 and 2.08. We have demonstrated that HDAC2 was overexpressed in tongue and buccal mucosa samples. Over-expression of HDAC2 imply potential use of HDACi along with standard chemotherapeutic drug in oral cancer treatment.

Histone modifications have been demonstrated to play a significant role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) epigenetic regulation. An in-silico analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) of various histone acetyl transferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) suggested that HATs do not differ between normal and tumor samples whereas HDAC2 and HDAC1 change maximally and marginally respectively between normal and tumor patients with no change being noted in HDAC6 expression. Hence, this investigation was carried out to validate the expression states of HDAC 1, 2 and 6 mRNAs in buccal mucosa and tongue SCC samples in an Indian cohort. Buccal mucosa and tongue squamous cell carcinoma tissues with intact histopathology were processed for RNA isolation followed by cDNA synthesis which was then subjected to q-PCR for HDACs. The average RNA yield of the tongue tissue sample was ∼2 μg/mg of tissue and the A260/280 ratios were between 2.03 and 2.06. The average RNA yield of buccal mucosa tissue sample was ∼1 μg/mg of tissue and the A260/280 ratio were between 2.00 and 2.08. We have demonstrated that HDAC2 was overexpressed in tongue and buccal mucosa samples. Over-expression of HDAC2 imply potential use of HDACi along with standard chemotherapeutic drug in oral cancer treatment.