No abstract available.
Animals ; Cricetinae* ; Fluorouracil* ; Mucositis*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cricetinae* ; Fluorouracil* ; Mucositis*

Introduction: Erythema multiforme has been known as an infection or drug-associated mucocutaneous eruption characterized by target lesions. A clinical entity, known as Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis seen mostly in the pediatric population is emerging and may be associated with atypical pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. This presents with features overlapping with erythema multiforme and SJS-TEN spectrum but with a different trigger, prognosis, and recurrence rate. Case summary: Target lesions in the clinical setting are usually characteristically associated with erythema multiforme, a mucocutaneous condition associated with an underlying infectious trigger. We present a case of a 10-year-old Filipino boy who was initially diagnosed with erythema multiforme major. Eventual testing for the etiology of the underlying infection, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, proved to be a useful diagnostic that gave a better grasp on the case’s mechanism, sequela, and prognosis. The patient was admitted for pneumonia and his presenting mucositis was severe. Cutaneously, he had atypical target and few target lesions on the trunk and extremities. He was diagnosed as a case of Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis (MIRM) and treated with antibiotics and systemic steroids for which he recovered fully in three weeks. MIRM should be separated from erythema multiforme, Stevens Johnsons syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis as it follows a different disease course. Conclusion: Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis is now considered a distinct entity despite it having overlapping features with erythema multiforme and SJS-TEN spectrum. It presents usually in the younger age group with absent to sparse atypical vesiculobullous or targetoid lesions, significant mucosal involvement, and confluent necrosis on histology. It is important to identify it as a trigger because of its more frequent and severe mucosal sequelae. Management includes symptomatic relief, antibiotic therapy with a macrolide in the presence of pneumonia and systemic steroids when mucositis is severe. Majority of patients achieve full recovery.
Erythema Multiforme ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; Mucositis ; Exanthema

No abstract available.
Exanthema ; Mucositis ; Mycoplasma ; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

The aims of this study were firstly to investigate soft tissue reactions around single implant-supported crowns and secondly to compare soft tissue dimensions and conditions of the crowns in relation to interdental papillae, and lastly to investigate patients'esthetic satisfaction with their single implant-supported crowns according to the interdental papillae presence/absence. Twenty-nine patients(41 implants) whose single missing tooth in the maxillary anterior region had been replaced by single implant-supported crown participated for the study and various variables of soft tissue conditions, dimensions and crown dimensions were measured around the single implant-supported crowns at clinical examination and from study models and slides. The results showed that the soft tissue conditions around the single implant-supported crowns were similar to those around implants used for partially or totolly edentulous patients. Except for the high frequency of bleeding on probing, all other parameters revealed healthy conditions. The buccal sites of the crown had a shallow pocket comparing with other sites. At all sites of the crown, similar status of little inflammation was found. Mesial sites and central-incisor positioned implant-supported crowns had lower contact point position than distal sites and lateral-incisor positioned crowns, respectively. Mucositis index, probing depth and contact point position were significantly correlated with papillae index(p < 0.05). More inflammation and lower contact point position were found at the implant-supported crown with no interdental space than that with interdental space. Patients showed high esthetic satisfaction regardless of interdental space presence. The result indicated that, despite of their submucosal crown margins, single implant-supported crowns have soft tissue conditions as good as other implants used for the treatment of the different types of edentulism and a clinician can manipulate interdental papilla height by modifying crown shapes within the limits of not violating total esthetics.
Crowns ; Esthetics ; Gingiva ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Mucositis ; Tooth

PURPOSE: Fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin combination therapy have shown synergistic or additive effect against advanced colorectal cancer, but the frequency of mucositis and diarrhea is increased. Most previous studies have used high dose leucovorin (300~500 mg/m2). However, some studies of oxaliplatin and 5-FU with low-dose or high-dose leucovorin in Korea have shown similar response rates. Therefore, we studied the necessity of leucovorin and evaluated the objective tumor response rates and toxicities of a regimen of oxaliplatin and 5-FU without leucovorin every 2 weeks in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were enrolled between January 2002 and March 2003. Patients received 85 mg/ m2 of oxaliplatin on day 1, a bolus 5-FU 400 mg/m2 on day 1 and a continuous 5-FU infusion at 600 mg/m2/ 22 hours days 1 and 2, every 2 weeks. RESULTS: Of the 24 patients treated, 17 patients received previous 5FU with leucovorin and/or other chemotherapy. Three patients could not be evaluated. Five partial responses were observed with overall response rate of 21% (n=24). Of the previous chemotherapy group (n= 17), 4 partial responses were observed with response rate of 24%. Median overall survival was 18 months (range 4~32 months) and median progression free survival was 4 months (range 2~6 months). This regimen was well tolerated and only 1 grade 3 anemia was observed. CONCLUSION: Oxaliplatin/5-FU combination therapy without leucovorin achieved a relatively high response rate even in patients resistant to the previous 5-FU chemotherapy, and toxicity was minimal.
Anemia ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Diarrhea ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy* ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Korea ; Leucovorin* ; Mucositis

BACKGROUND: There is no effective treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer failed to first-line chemotherapy. Taxane is one of new drugs identified as having substantial activity in gastric cancer. We performed a phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of docetaxel plus cisplatin regimen as a salvage chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer failed to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy. METHODS: Metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer patients failed to 5-FU-based regimen with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score < or = 2 were eligible in this trial. Docetaxel (60 mg/m2) was infused over 1 hour, before cisplatin (60 mg/m2) infused over 2 hours on day 1, once every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity was detected. Response to treatment was assessed every two or three cycles. RESULTS: From October 1999 to December 2000, forty-one patients were enrolled in this study. Twenty-eight of forty-one patients were assessable for response. Partial response was observed in seven patients and stable disease in four patients. The response rate was 25.0% (95% confidence interval: 20.4~29.6%) and median duration of response was 22 weeks (range: 11~53 weeks). The median survival of all enrolled patients was 24 weeks (range: 7~65 weeks). For a total of 112 cycles of chemotherapy, grade 3 and 4 toxicity was 8.9% for neutropenia, 4.5% for nausea/vomiting and 1.8% for mucositis. CONCLUSION: Salvage chemotherapy with docetaxel plus cisplatin regimen in gastric cancer was active with acceptable toxicities.
Cisplatin* ; Disease Progression ; Drug Therapy* ; Drug Therapy, Combination* ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Mucositis ; Neutropenia ; Stomach Neoplasms*

Patients with advanced urothelial tumors that relapse or persist following conventional therapy have poor prognosis. Management of the patients with recurrent local or disseminated urothelial tumors presents a difficult clinical problems. In 1985 Sternberg et al reported 71% of significant tumor regression and 50% of complete clinical remission with M-VAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and Cisplatin) combination chemotherapy for treatment of advanced urothelial transitional cell carcinomas. Herein, we have experienced 13 cases of M-VAC combination chemotherapy in advanced urothelial tumors. Complete and partial remission was in achieved 46.2 per cent of the patients clinically, while 15.4 percent had a minor response and 38.4 per cent had progression with median survivals of 11.5, 8.5 and 7.4 months. Toxicity was significant. 15.4 per cent of the patients having experienced nadir sepsis, 30.8 per cent mucositis and 7.6 per cent cardiac toxicity. Median cycle length varied from 31.6 to 41.7 days for the first and 5th cycle respectively. This regimen has been efficacious in selected patients with advanced urothelial tumors.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Doxorubicin* ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Humans ; Mucositis ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Sepsis ; Vinblastine*

PURPOSE: Peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) has a production mechanism similar to gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). However, limited research has been performed comparing their behavior in response to inflammation. Hence, the aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate PISF and GCF volume with varying degrees of clinical inflammatory parameters. METHODS: Screening of patients was conducted. Based on the perimucosal inflammatory status, 39 loaded implant sites were selected from 24 patients, with equal numbers of sites in healthy, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis subgroups. GCF collection was done from age- and sex-matched dentate patients, selected with gingival inflammatory status corresponding to the implant sites. Assessment of the inflammatory status for dental/implant sites was performed using probing depth (PD), plaque index/modified plaque index (PI/mPI), gingival index/simplified gingival index (GI/sGI), and modified sulcular bleeding index (BI). Sample collection was done using standardized absorbent paper strips with volumetric evaluation performed via an electronic volume quantification device. RESULTS: Positive correlation of the PISF and GCF volume was seen with increasing PD and clinical inflammatory parameters. A higher correlation of GCF with PD (0.843) was found when compared to PISF (0.771). PISF expressed a higher covariation with increasing grades of sGI (0.885), BI (0.841), and mPI (0.734), while GCF established a moderately positive correlation with GI (0.694), BI (0.696), and PI (0.729). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, except for minor fluctuations, GCF and PISF volumes demonstrated a similar nature and volumetric pattern through increasing grades of inflammation, with PISF showing better correlation with the clinical parameters.
Dental Implants ; Gingival Crevicular Fluid* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Mass Screening ; Mucositis ; Peri-Implantitis ; Periodontal Index

The anorectal function was evaluated in 25 patients with rectal cancer who underwent a low anterior resection (LAR). The result of anorectal manometry was analyzed with respect to the bowel habit. Patients were examined preoperatively and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively by both anorectal manometry and interview. The examinations included information on defecation frequency, incontinence, and inability of deferment. The defecation frequency was significantly increased until 6 months postoperatively (p < 0.05). The maximum resting pressure (MRP) was significantly decreased until 1 year after surgery (p < 0.05). However, the maximum squeezing pressure (MSP) and the length of high pressure zone (HPZ) were not significantly decreased postoperatively. There was no significant difference in the sensation of balloon between the preoperative period and the postoperative period. The sensation of fullness was markedly decreased until 6 months postoperatively (p < 0.05). The rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) was positive in all patients preoperatively, and 24 out of 25 patients showed a positive reflex postoperatively with various sensitivity. The appearance of an external sphincter assist was not correlated with bowel habit. Patients with the lowest anterior resection (LLAR) had a higher incidence of early phase incontinence than patients with the low anterior resection. In conclusion, the increased defecation frequency during the postoperative period appeared to be related with the decreased MRP and the sensation of fullness based on a manometric assessment. Although the manometric finding did not normalize with respect to every manometric factor evaluated, the bowel habit was generally recovered clinically in 12 months postoperatively. We should always consider other variables, such as postoperative rectal mucositis or respective bowel habit, in addition to the result of anorectal manometry for the postoperative evaluation.
Defecation ; Humans ; Incidence ; Manometry ; Mucositis ; Postoperative Period ; Preoperative Period ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Reflex ; Sensation