No abstract available.
Animals ; Cricetinae* ; Fluorouracil* ; Mucositis*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cricetinae* ; Fluorouracil* ; Mucositis*

No abstract available.
Exanthema ; Mucositis ; Mycoplasma ; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Introduction: Erythema multiforme has been known as an infection or drug-associated mucocutaneous eruption characterized by target lesions. A clinical entity, known as Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis seen mostly in the pediatric population is emerging and may be associated with atypical pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. This presents with features overlapping with erythema multiforme and SJS-TEN spectrum but with a different trigger, prognosis, and recurrence rate. Case summary: Target lesions in the clinical setting are usually characteristically associated with erythema multiforme, a mucocutaneous condition associated with an underlying infectious trigger. We present a case of a 10-year-old Filipino boy who was initially diagnosed with erythema multiforme major. Eventual testing for the etiology of the underlying infection, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, proved to be a useful diagnostic that gave a better grasp on the case’s mechanism, sequela, and prognosis. The patient was admitted for pneumonia and his presenting mucositis was severe. Cutaneously, he had atypical target and few target lesions on the trunk and extremities. He was diagnosed as a case of Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis (MIRM) and treated with antibiotics and systemic steroids for which he recovered fully in three weeks. MIRM should be separated from erythema multiforme, Stevens Johnsons syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis as it follows a different disease course. Conclusion: Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis is now considered a distinct entity despite it having overlapping features with erythema multiforme and SJS-TEN spectrum. It presents usually in the younger age group with absent to sparse atypical vesiculobullous or targetoid lesions, significant mucosal involvement, and confluent necrosis on histology. It is important to identify it as a trigger because of its more frequent and severe mucosal sequelae. Management includes symptomatic relief, antibiotic therapy with a macrolide in the presence of pneumonia and systemic steroids when mucositis is severe. Majority of patients achieve full recovery.
Erythema Multiforme ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; Mucositis ; Exanthema

The aims of this study were firstly to investigate soft tissue reactions around single implant-supported crowns and secondly to compare soft tissue dimensions and conditions of the crowns in relation to interdental papillae, and lastly to investigate patients'esthetic satisfaction with their single implant-supported crowns according to the interdental papillae presence/absence. Twenty-nine patients(41 implants) whose single missing tooth in the maxillary anterior region had been replaced by single implant-supported crown participated for the study and various variables of soft tissue conditions, dimensions and crown dimensions were measured around the single implant-supported crowns at clinical examination and from study models and slides. The results showed that the soft tissue conditions around the single implant-supported crowns were similar to those around implants used for partially or totolly edentulous patients. Except for the high frequency of bleeding on probing, all other parameters revealed healthy conditions. The buccal sites of the crown had a shallow pocket comparing with other sites. At all sites of the crown, similar status of little inflammation was found. Mesial sites and central-incisor positioned implant-supported crowns had lower contact point position than distal sites and lateral-incisor positioned crowns, respectively. Mucositis index, probing depth and contact point position were significantly correlated with papillae index(p < 0.05). More inflammation and lower contact point position were found at the implant-supported crown with no interdental space than that with interdental space. Patients showed high esthetic satisfaction regardless of interdental space presence. The result indicated that, despite of their submucosal crown margins, single implant-supported crowns have soft tissue conditions as good as other implants used for the treatment of the different types of edentulism and a clinician can manipulate interdental papilla height by modifying crown shapes within the limits of not violating total esthetics.
Crowns ; Esthetics ; Gingiva ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Mucositis ; Tooth

The anorectal function was evaluated in 25 patients with rectal cancer who underwent a low anterior resection (LAR). The result of anorectal manometry was analyzed with respect to the bowel habit. Patients were examined preoperatively and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively by both anorectal manometry and interview. The examinations included information on defecation frequency, incontinence, and inability of deferment. The defecation frequency was significantly increased until 6 months postoperatively (p < 0.05). The maximum resting pressure (MRP) was significantly decreased until 1 year after surgery (p < 0.05). However, the maximum squeezing pressure (MSP) and the length of high pressure zone (HPZ) were not significantly decreased postoperatively. There was no significant difference in the sensation of balloon between the preoperative period and the postoperative period. The sensation of fullness was markedly decreased until 6 months postoperatively (p < 0.05). The rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) was positive in all patients preoperatively, and 24 out of 25 patients showed a positive reflex postoperatively with various sensitivity. The appearance of an external sphincter assist was not correlated with bowel habit. Patients with the lowest anterior resection (LLAR) had a higher incidence of early phase incontinence than patients with the low anterior resection. In conclusion, the increased defecation frequency during the postoperative period appeared to be related with the decreased MRP and the sensation of fullness based on a manometric assessment. Although the manometric finding did not normalize with respect to every manometric factor evaluated, the bowel habit was generally recovered clinically in 12 months postoperatively. We should always consider other variables, such as postoperative rectal mucositis or respective bowel habit, in addition to the result of anorectal manometry for the postoperative evaluation.
Defecation ; Humans ; Incidence ; Manometry ; Mucositis ; Postoperative Period ; Preoperative Period ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Reflex ; Sensation

Peri-implant disease is a serious problem that plagues today's dentistry, both in terms of therapy and epidemiology. With the expansion of the practice of implantology and an increasing number of implants placed annually, the frequency of peri-implant disease has greatly expanded. Its clinical manifestations, in the absence of a globally established classification, are peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, the counterparts of gingivitis and periodontitis, respectively. However, many doubts remain about its features. Official diagnostic criteria, globally recognized by the dental community, have not yet been introduced. The latest studies using metagenomic methods are casting doubt on the assumption of microbial equivalence between periodontal and peri-implant crevices. Research on most of the features of peri-implant disease remains at an early stage; moreover, there is not a commonly accepted treatment for it. In any case, although the evidence so far collected is limited, we need to be aware of the current state of the science regarding this topic to better understand and ultimately prevent this disease.
Classification ; Dental Implants ; Dentistry ; Diagnosis ; Epidemiology ; Gingivitis ; Metagenomics ; Microbiota ; Mucositis ; Peri-Implantitis ; Periodontitis

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used in the treatment of a variety of solid tumors. Common adverse effects of fluorouracil chemotherapy include diarrhea, mucositis and myelosuppression. However, neurologic toxicities including hyperammonemic encephalopathy are rare and not well recognized. Transient hyperammonemic encephalopathy related to continuous infusion of high-dose 5-FU has rarely been reported. We report four cases of transient hyperammonemic encephalopathy in patients receiving continuous infusion of 5-FU. The mentality of all patients was altered during or just after the infusion of 5-FU. There were no focal neurological signs, laboratory excluding hyperammonemia or radiological abnormalities. After patients received adequate hydration and repeated lactulose enema, the mental status completely recovered within one or two days, and serum ammonium level subsequently returned to normal. In conclusion, we suggest that a transient hyperammonemic encephalopathy should be considered in differential diagnosis of patients receiving continuous 5-FU infusion with altered mentality.
Ammonium Compounds ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diarrhea ; Drug Therapy ; Enema ; Fluorouracil* ; Humans ; Hyperammonemia ; Lactulose ; Mucositis

Oral mucositis continues to be a major complaint of patients who have chemotherapy for the acute leukemia. An innovative and inexpensive remedy which produces favorable results for those afficted is not yet introduced. So we tried to develop two oral care protocols for reducing the level of oral mucositis during cytotoxic therapy through literature review and our clinical experience. The one is sodium bicarbonate-normal saline gargling, and the other consists of chlorhexidine gargling. This quasi-experimental study was performed to compare the efficacy of these two different oral care protocols. Twenty subjects were assigned to one of the two specific diagnosis of leukemia, aim of the chemotherapy. The Oral Assessment Guide(OAG), the Beck's perception of oral comfort, WHO Grading system fot mucositis and the discomfort of oral gargling solution were used to assess oral status and subject's oral discomfort during chemotherapy. Each subjects were observed daily from the start of the chemotherapy until Absolute Neutrophil Count(ANC) reached 1,000. It continued about 2-4 weeks. The data analyzed by Mann-Whittney U test and ANCOVA. The result was follows as: The patient who used sodium bicarbonate-normal saline gargling showed significantly higher mean score of the discomfort of oral gargling solution than chlorhexidine gargling. The other scores were not significantly different between two groups. However the subjects using the sodium bicarbonate-normal saline gargling showed a lower level of oral mucositis. We concluded that oral using sodium bicarbonate-normal saline gargling was between to reduce the level of oral mucositis during chemotherapy and nursing assessments of the oral cavity seemed to promote patient's compliance with the oral care regimen.
Chlorhexidine* ; Compliance ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Leukemia* ; Mouth ; Mucositis ; Neutrophils ; Nursing Assessment ; Sodium* ; Stomatitis*

PURPOSE: Peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) has a production mechanism similar to gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). However, limited research has been performed comparing their behavior in response to inflammation. Hence, the aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate PISF and GCF volume with varying degrees of clinical inflammatory parameters. METHODS: Screening of patients was conducted. Based on the perimucosal inflammatory status, 39 loaded implant sites were selected from 24 patients, with equal numbers of sites in healthy, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis subgroups. GCF collection was done from age- and sex-matched dentate patients, selected with gingival inflammatory status corresponding to the implant sites. Assessment of the inflammatory status for dental/implant sites was performed using probing depth (PD), plaque index/modified plaque index (PI/mPI), gingival index/simplified gingival index (GI/sGI), and modified sulcular bleeding index (BI). Sample collection was done using standardized absorbent paper strips with volumetric evaluation performed via an electronic volume quantification device. RESULTS: Positive correlation of the PISF and GCF volume was seen with increasing PD and clinical inflammatory parameters. A higher correlation of GCF with PD (0.843) was found when compared to PISF (0.771). PISF expressed a higher covariation with increasing grades of sGI (0.885), BI (0.841), and mPI (0.734), while GCF established a moderately positive correlation with GI (0.694), BI (0.696), and PI (0.729). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, except for minor fluctuations, GCF and PISF volumes demonstrated a similar nature and volumetric pattern through increasing grades of inflammation, with PISF showing better correlation with the clinical parameters.
Dental Implants ; Gingival Crevicular Fluid* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Mass Screening ; Mucositis ; Peri-Implantitis ; Periodontal Index