OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy difference between acupuncture and western medication in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty cases were randomly divided into an acupunc ture group and a western medication group, 60 cases in each group. In acupuncture group, acupuncture was applied mainly to Neixiyan (EX-LE 4), Dubi (ST 35), Yinlingquan (SP 9) and Yanglingquan (GB 34) and to the other acupoints selected according to syndrome differentiation. In western medication group, Glucosamine Hydrochloride capsules were applied for oral administration, 2 capsules each time, 3 times per day. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)and Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36, Chinese version) were used to assess the therapeutic effect before treatment, after 4 weeks treatment and in follow-up visit of 9 weeks after treatment separately.

RESULTSAfter 4 weeks treatment, the total effective rate was 86.7% (52/60) in acupuncture group and was 88.3% (53/60) in western medication group, indicating no statistical significant difference in the comparison between two groups (P > 0.05). In 9 weeks after treatment, the total effective rate was 83.3% (50/60) in acupuncture group, which was better than 61.7% (37/60, P < 0.05) in western medication group. The scores of WOMAC and SF-36 were all improved after treatment as compared with those before treatment in two groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in comparison between two groups after 4 weeks treatment (all P > 0.05). But, in follow-up visit of 9 weeks after treatment, the scores of WOMAC and SF-36 in acupuncture group were superior to those in western medication group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe short-term efficacies on osteoarthritis of knee in acupuncture group according to syndrome differentiation are similar to that of oral adiministration of Glucosamine Hydrochloride, but the long-term efficacy in acupuncture group is better than that in western medication group.

Activities of Daily Living ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Walking

Irreducible anteromedial radial head dislocation (IARHD) caused by transposed biceps tendon is rare. Delayed diagnosis and surgical failure often occur. A 46-year-old fisherman presented with 10 days history of painful swelling and restricted movement of his right elbow due to strangulation injury by a fishing boat cable. On examination, the images of the right elbow reveals in a "semi-extended and pronated" elastic fixation position. Radiography and 3-dimensional reconstruction CT reveals an isolated anteromedial radial head dislocation with extreme protonation of the radius and the bicipital tuberosity towards the posterior aspect of the elbow joint, and MRI shows biceps tendon wrapping around the radial neck, similar to umbilical cord wrapping seen in newborns. The Henry approach was applied for the first time to reduce the biceps tendon. The patient achieved a good functional recovery at 26 months, which represents the first reported case of IARHD without fracture caused by biceps tendon in an adult. In treatment of IARHD, attention should be paid to the phenomenon of biceps tendon transposition. Careful clinical examination, comprehensive imaging modalities, and appropriate surgical approach are the keys to successful management.

BACKGROUNDTo determine if the attenuated Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus SA14-14-2 vaccine strain interacts efficiently with Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, and further to acquire a new knowledge of its characteristics and safety for human beings.

METHODSLaboratory colonies of the two species of mosquitoes were set up and were inoculated intrathoracically with the attenuated vaccine virus and wild JE virus (Nak), both of which were used with different dilution from 10(-1) to 10(-9). Subsequently, the virus titers in the mosquitoes were detected by the plaque assay.

RESULTSInoculated with the vaccine strain, two species of mosquitoes were infected with the titers ranged from 10(0)-10(-3), and the maximum titers in Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus were 4.48 logPFU/ml and 5.63 logPFU/ml, respectively. Inoculated with wild JE virus, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus was infected with titers ranged from 10(0)-10(-5), and the maximum titer in the mosquitoes was 6.59; Culex tritaeniorhynchus was infected with titers ranged from 10(0)-10(-4) and the maximum titer was 5.74 logPFU/ml.

CONCLUSIONBy intrathoracic infection, the attenuated JE virus SA14-14-2 vaccine strain can replicate in both species of mosquitoes.

Animals ; Culex ; classification ; virology ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; genetics ; growth & development ; immunology ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; virology ; Humans ; Insect Vectors ; virology ; Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines ; immunology ; Species Specificity ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; immunology ; Viral Plaque Assay

OBJECTIVETo construct infectious Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) based on the in vitro-ligated cDNA template of the vaccine strain SA14-14-2, and identify the virus.

METHODSFull-length genomic cDNA of JEV SA14-14-2 strain was ligated and then RNA was transcribed in vitro, the infective virus was obtained by transfecting the RNA into Vero cells and identified.

RESULTSThe infective clone of JEV was constructed, the virulence was weaker than the wild virus.

CONCLUSIONIt was possible to construct infectious clone from the production strain of live attenuated Japanese B encephalitis vaccine.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Base Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; genetics ; immunology ; pathogenicity ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; pathology ; virology ; Genome, Viral ; Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines ; immunology ; Mice ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; immunology ; Vero Cells ; Virulence

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of argon plasma coagulation (APC) in the treatment of large airway obstruction.

METHODSTotally 389 patients with treacheobronchial stenosis were treated with APC (ARCO3000 type) by bronchoscopy. The stenoses were caused by carcinomas (203 cases, 52.2%), metastatic tumors (67 cases, 17.2%), benign tumors (18 cases, 4.6%), granulomas (93 cases, 23.9%) and other lesions (8 cases, 2.1%). The rate of recanalization, relief of the symptoms, and complications were analyzed.

RESULTS1121 times of APC treatment were performed in the 389 patients. Complete recanalization was achieved in 138 cases (35.5%), partial in 143 (36.8%), mild in 55 (14.1%) and none in 53 (13.6%). The major complications included: super-ventricular tachycardia in 136 cases (34.9%), bleeding in 51 (13.1%), decrease in blood oxygen saturation in 48 (12.3%), asphyxia in 33 (8.5%), ventricular or super-ventricular arrhythmia in 24 (6.2%), short-term aggravation of airway obstruction in 18 (4.6%), and tracheal perforation in 3 (0.78%). All those complications were treated with various measures and no patient died of the complications during the procedure.

CONCLUSIONArgon plasma coagulation is effective and relatively safe in relieving the obstruction and dyspnea in patients with large airway obstruction caused by various reasons. However, for the patients with severe airway obstruction, argon plasma coagulation sometimes may cause severe or even lethal complications. Critical consideration of the indication, operators' skill and taking more precautions during the procedure are required to ensure the safety of argon plasma coagulation treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Argon ; therapeutic use ; Bronchial Diseases ; etiology ; surgery ; Bronchial Neoplasms ; complications ; Bronchoscopy ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Electrocoagulation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tracheal Neoplasms ; complications ; Tracheal Stenosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the ultrastructural changes of the rat convoluted seminiferous tubule after alcohol consumption.

METHODSForty-eight Wistar mature male rats were divided into two groups randomly: control group (A) and experimental one (B). 6 ml/(kg x d) of 50 degrees alcohol was perfused through the gastric tube for 39 days in Group B; and 6 ml/(kg x d) of normal saline was supplemented in Group A. The ultrastructure of the rat convoluted seminiferous tubule was observed by transmission electron microscope at day 14, 27 and 40.

RESULTSIn Group A, the pykno-basement membrane was unstriated and uniform, Sertoli cells showed cytoplasmic profusion, with big nucleus, well-distributed nucleoplasm, distinct nucleolus, more mitochondria and plain hierarchical tight-junction. And the ultrastructure of the rat convoluted seminiferous tubule in Group B began to change at the end of the first spermatogenic cycle (D 14) and changed more and more evidently with the ethanol administration, mainly as follows: (1) more lysosomes and vacuolisation found in Sertoli cells, and organelles decreased and blurry; (2) more and bigger vacuoles among the spermatogonia, Sertoli cells and basement membrane; (3) obvious apoptosis of spermatogonia and apoptotic bodies aggregated near the membrane; (4) more cytoplasm and vacuolisation in the sperm of the convoluted seminiferous tubule, and disarranged, deleted or clustered mitochondria in the sperm tail; (5) blurry and rigid tight-junction; (6) thickened, wrinkled or broken basement membrane and under-basement

CONCLUSIONAlcohol can cause ultrastructural changes of the basement membrane, tight-junction and Sertoli cells of the membrane. rat convoluted seminiferous tubule and apoptosis of spermatogonia.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Basement Membrane ; drug effects ; pathology ; Ethanol ; toxicity ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Seminiferous Tubules ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Sertoli Cells ; drug effects ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the efficacy of self-made, antibiotic-loaded cement articulating spacer in the treatment of infected total knee arthroplasty.

METHODSThe self-made molds were used to form the spacer during the operation. From March 2002 to March 2007, 22 patients with infected knee arthroplasty (10 males with 10 knees, 12 females with 12 knees) were treated with this kind of spacer in our center. The mean age of the patients was 59.6 years old (33 to 75 years old). The interval time between primary arthroplasty and first onset of infective syndrome was 6.7 months (1 to 14 months). The diagnosis was established by the clinical presentation,serum laboratory inflammatory markers (white blood cell count,erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein) and knee aspiration. The serum laboratory inflammatory markers were used to measure the systemic response to infection. Clinical and radiographic follow-up was regularly performed by HSS score system and X-ray.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed, the average interval between debridement and reimplantation was 4.7 months (3 to 9 months) and the infection control rate was 100% after the implantation of spacer. The average follow-up duration after reimplantation was 29.8 months (10 to 64 months) and there was no recurrence of infection at the latest follow-up. The HSS score increased from 40.5+/-5.9 to 65.8+/-7.5 after the implantation of spacer, furthermore, the score reached 88.7+/-5.1 in average at the latest follow-up. The patient satisfaction rate was 95.3%.

CONCLUSIONThis self-made molds and spacers is a reliable approach for the management of infected knee arthroplasty with some virtues, such as providing a mobile and functional joint through the treatment course, decreasing the difficulty of reimplantation, avoiding of a long-term post-operative infusion and high effective for eradicating infection.

Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; adverse effects ; Bone Cements ; Debridement ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prosthesis-Related Infections ; therapy ; Replantation

To investigate the dynamic change of lipid peroxidation-related protein expression and the intervention effects of Yiguanjian (YGJ) Decoction on liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 in rat. Fifty-seven male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a liver fibrosis group (n = 39) and a normal group (n = 18). The liver fibrosis was treated with peritoneal injection of 50% CCl4 for nine weeks. At the end of weeks 3 and 6 of CCl4 treatment, six rats were sacrificed to assess the status of liver fibrosis. At the end of week 7, the remaining -fibrotic rats were randomly divided into an untreated model group (M, n=15) and a YGJ-treated group (n = 12). The YGJ group was administered daily, oral YGJ Decoction for three weeks, concomitant with continued CCl4 treatment. The M group and normal group received the same treatment oral regimen and volume of distilled water. At the end of week 8, four rats in group M were sacrificed to observed the fibrosis status. At the end of week 9, the fibrotic rats were sacrificed for sampling. Liver function, histological changes, contents of hydroxyproline (Hyp) and malondialdehyde (MDA), activity of super oxidase dismutase (SOD) and L-glutathione (GSH), protein expression of heat shock protein (HSP)70, heme oxygenase (HO)-1, transferrin, peroxiredoxin (Prxd) 6 and liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) were detected. Compared with normal group-, the MDA content was increased significantly in M group at week 6 (M: 4.23+/-0.45 nmol/mg vs. normal: 2.22+/-0.59 nmol/mg, F = 60.13, P less than 0.01) and week 9 (M: 6.29+/-1.23 nmol/mg vs. normal: 2.22+/-0.59 nmol/mg, F = 66.99, P less than 0.01), but the SOD activity was decreased significantly at the same time points [week 6: (M: 196.94+/-39.20 U/mg vs. normal: 264.50+/-30.44 U/mg, F = 11.12, P less than 0.01]); [week 9: (M: 152.2+/-51.65 U/mg vs. normal: 264.50+/-30.44 U/mg, F = 23.11, P less than 0.01)], as were the GSH content [week 6: (M: 48.47+/-7.27 nmol/mg vs. 60.74+/-9.04 nmol/mg, F = 6.71, P less than 0.05]]; [week 9: (M: 37.89+/-9.01 nmol/mg vs. 60.74+/-9.04 nmol/mg, F = 24.06, P less than 0.01]]. Compared with group M at week 9, the YGH-treated model group had markedly decreased MDA (YGJ: 4.25+/-0.86 nmol/mg vs. M: 6.29+/-1.23 nmol/mg, F = 19.52, P less than 0.01], but significantly increased SOD (YGJ: 198.35+/-46.48 U/mg vs. 152.21+/-51.65 U/mg, F = 4.65, P less than 0.05] and GSH (YGJ: 53.73+/-7.54 nmol/mg vs. M: 37.89+/-9.01 nmol/mg, F = 19.23, P less than 0.01). Compared to normal rats at week 9, group M had significantly higher protein levels of HSP70 (normal: 1.21+/-0.06 vs. M: 0.58+/-0.07, F = 166.87, P less than 0.01) and HO-1 (normal: 1.11+/-0.06 vs. M: 0.58+/-0.06, F = 123.96, P less than 0.01), but significantly decreased levels of Prxd6 (normal: 0.04+/-0.05 vs. M: 1.49+/-0.05, F = 1215.85, P less than 0.01), transferrin (normal: 0.67+/-0.03 vs. M: 1.67+/-0.04, F = 301.35, P less than 0.01), and L-FABP (normal: 0.24+/-0.02 vs. M: 1.44+/-0.14, F = 219.05, P less than 0.01). Compared to group M at week 9, the YGJ treatment group showed significantly reduced HSP70 (YGJ: 0.82+/-0.04 vs. M: 1.21+/-0.06, F = 92.31, P less than 0.01) and HO-1 (YGJ: 0.90+/-0.04 vs. 1.11+/-0.06, F = 26.89, P less than 0.01), but significantly increased Prxd6 (YGJ: 0.88+/-0.11 vs. 0.04+/-0.05, F = 150.17, P less than 0.01), transferrin (YGJ: 1.36+/-0.13 vs. 0.24+/-0.02, F = 237.19, P less than 0.01), and L-FABP (YGJ: 1.04+/-0.12 vs. 0.67+/-0.03, F = 27.53, P less than 0.01). YGJ treatment of fibrotic liver rats reduces lipid peroxidation damage by preventing generation of oxidizing substances.
Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; adverse effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Background::The increasing burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) worldwide imposes an emerging public health issue. We perform the current study to estimate the global prevalence, incidence, disease progression, and clinical outcomes of NAFLD.Methods::A systematic search was conducted in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane CENTRAL that screened articles in English language published from January 2000 to December 2021. NAFLD prevalence, incidence, rate of disease progression, and outcomes were calculated with the DerSimonian-Laird random effects model with arcsine transformation.Results::Our search identified 59,156 records, of which 578 studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of NAFLD was 29.38% (95% confidence interval [CI] 28.09–30.69) regardless of the diagnostic techniques. Looking at the group in which the diagnosis was made by ultrasound exclusively, the pooled prevalence was 30.49% (95% CI 29.55–31.43). NAFLD has become more prevalent during the year 2011–2021 (31.63%, 95% CI 30.23–33.04) compared with year 2000–2010 (27.94%, 95% CI 26.23–29.69). The pooled estimation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis prevalence was 8.26% (95% CI 1.13–21.01), 46.49% (95% CI 35.93–57.20), and 46.72% (95% CI 37.57–55.98) in general population, NAFLD patients, and severe/morbidly obese patients, respectively. Based on a total of 110,142 newly developed NAFLD patients, the pooled incident rate was estimated as 46.24 cases per 1000 person-years (95% CI 43.21–49.30). In patients with NAFLD, the incident rate of hepatocellular carcinoma was 1.46 (95% CI 0.90–2.03) cases per 1000 person-years. The overall pooled estimate of NAFLD related mortality was 23.91 (95% CI 13.55–37.18) death per 1000 person-years.Conclusions::The prevalence of NAFLD is increasing globally. It is contributing to poor clinical outcomes including hepatocellular carcinoma and death. Rising awareness and urgent actions are warranted to control the NAFLD pandemic across the globe.Registration::PROSPERO, No. CRD42020171104.

Objective To analyze the distribution of pathogens in the genital tract of infertile female,and comparing traditional methods with simultaneous amplification and testing (SAT) in the detection of UU,CT,NG and MG.Methods 467 female infertility patients were selected from the reproductive center of Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University between June and September 2016 to analyze the distribution of UU,CT,MG and NG.The age was between 20 to 48 years old (mean 31.52±6.83 years old).352 cases of female patients with assisted reproductive technology were selected,aged from 21 to 46 years old (mean 30.67±6.67 years old).The swabs were tested by traditional methods or SAT.The sensitivity and specificity of the methods in detecting the pathogens were evaluated according to the experimental results.Results Among the 467 infertile women,the number of UU positive cases was the highest,the positive rate was 62.53％ (292/467),the positive rate of CT was 1.93％ (9/467) and the positive rate of NG was 0.21％ (1/467),and the positive rate of MG was 1.71％ (8/467).UU infection rate was higher in infertile women than normal control group 23.81％ (25/105) (x2 =52.01,P＜0.01).352 cases of female patients with assisted reproductive technology were selected for further analysis.For UU detection,the positive rate of swab samples detected by liquid culture was 48.9％,while the positive rate detected by SAT was 63.9％.Obviously the positive rate of SAT was higher than that of liquid culture.Swab culture and SAT results were analyzed by paired x2 test (x2 =41.93,P＜0.01).The positive rate of CT SAT was 1.71％,and the positive rate of CT-latex method was 0.28 ％.There was significant difference between CT latex method and SAT (Fisher exact probabilistic method statistical analysis,P＜0.005),which indicated that SAT method had a higher sensitivity.The positive rate (1.7 ％) and sensitivity (100％) of SAT were also higher than that of traditional method.Conclusion UU was the most common pathogen in female reproductive tract pathogens,followed by CT and MG.The SAT method has higher sensitivity than the conventional method in detecting of UU and CT.