Objective To evaluate the role of mitochondrial fusion?fission in endotoxin?induced a?cute lung injury in rats. Methods Twenty healthy male Sprague?Dawley rats, weighing 160-180 g, were e?qually and randomly divided into either control group ( group C ) or endotoxin?induced acute lung injury group (group L) using a random number table. Lipopolysaccharide 5 mg∕kg was injected intravenously in group L, while the equal volume of normal saline 0?5 ml was given instead in group C. The animals were sacrificed at 6 h after administration of lipopolysaccharide or normal saline. The lungs were immediately re?moved for measurement of wet to dry lung weight ratio ( W∕D ratio) , superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity and malondialdehyde ( MDA) content. The mitochondrial fusion proteins mitofusin 1 ( Mfn1) , Mfn2 and op?tic atrophy 1 ( OPA1) mRNA and protein expression was detected, and mitochondrial fission proteins dy?namin?related protein 1 (Drp1) and fission 1 (Fis1) mRNA and protein expression was also detected in lung tissues. Results Compared to group C, the W∕D ratio and MDA contents in lung tissues were signifi?cantly increased, SOD activity was decreased, Mfn1, Mfn2 and OPA1 mRNA and protein expression in lung tissues was down?regulated, and Drp1 and Fis1 mRNA and protein expression was up?regulated in group L. The pathological damage to lung tissues was obviously aggravated in group L when compared to group C. Conclusion The mechanism underlying endotoxin?induced acute lung injury is related to enhanced oxidative stress responses caused by decreased mitochondrial fusion and increased mitochondrial fission in rats.

Objective To investigate the renal expression changes of microRNA-215(miR-215) and its role in diabetic nephmpathy of type 2 diabetic db/db mice. Methods Fourweek-old diabetic db/db mice and norml control group non-diabetic db/m mice were selected.Real-time PCR was used to detect the relative level of miR-215 at the age of 8,12 and 16 weeks.Catenin beta interacting protein 1 (CTNNBIP1) mRNA and protein level were measured by realtime PCR,WesteRN blotting and immunohistochemisty.A lueiferase reporter assay was used to determine whether CTNNBIP1 was a direct target of miR-215. Results (1)With the growth of db/db mice,the major pathological characteristics of kidney included glomerular hypertrophy,segmental mesangial cells proliferation and mesangial matrix expansion.(2)Compared with the db/m mice,the db/db mice of 8,12 and 16 weeks showed obvious increase in body weight(BW),blood glucose (Glu) and 24 hour urinary albumin excretion (UAE) (P＜0.05,respectively).(3)Compared with the db/m mice,special miR-215 was highly expressed in the kidney of db/db mice and was up-regulated significantly according to the development of DN (P＜0.05).(4)The mRNA and protein expression of CTNNBIPl of kidney were consistently down-regulated in db/db mice than those in controls (P＜0.05,respectively). (5)By luciferase reporter,miR-215 could negatively regulate CTNNBIP1 gene by targeting its 3'-UTR sequence (P＜0.01). Conclusion High expression level of miR-215 plays a potential role in the initiation and progression of DN by down-regulating the expression of CTNNBIPl.

AIMTo investigate the pharmacokinetics of osthole in rabbits and obtain the main pharmacokinetic parameters.

METHODSA simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to study the pharmacokinetics of osthole in rabbits by joining an internal standard (paeonal). Methanol-water (80:20) was used as the mobile phase. According to the 3P87 pharmacokinetic program, the main parameters were calculated.

RESULTSThe osthole pharmacokinetics conforms to a two compartment open model after i.v. administration, T1/2 alpha = 5.81 min, T1/2 beta = 42.2 min, K21 = 0.036 0.min-1, K12 = 0.045 0.min-1, K10 = 0.054 0.min-1, AUC = 235 mg.min.L-1, CLs = 0.043 0 L.min-1.kg-1, Vc = 0.780 L.kg-1.

CONCLUSIONThe pharmacokinetics of osthole after i.v. administration showed a rapid distribution and elimination process in rabbits.

Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; blood ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cnidium ; chemistry ; Coumarins ; blood ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Male ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rabbits ; Tissue Distribution

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of potassium and calcium supplementation in table salt on reduction of arterial blood pressure and sodium metabolism in adolescents with higher blood pressure.

METHODSA single blind placebo-controlled trial was carried out for two years in 220 adolescents with higher blood pressure, aged 18 - 22 years, who were randomly divided into supplementary group (n = 110) and control group (n = 110). Each of the subjects in the supplementary group and their family members was given 10 mmol of potassium and 10 mmol of calcium mixed in their table salt daily for 24 months.

RESULTSNight urinary sodium and potassium excretion increased (urinary Na(+), P < 0.05; urinary K(+), P < 0.01) and blood pressure lowered by 5.3 mm Hg/1.8 mm Hg in average from the baseline in the supplementary group two years after potassium and calcium supplementation, as compared with that in the control group increased by (1.3/1.7) mm Hg.

CONCLUSIONSAdequate supplement of potassium and calcium in daily table salt intake was an effective way to prevent form hypertension and could promote their urinary sodium excretion and reduction of arterial blood pressure in adolescents with higher blood pressure.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Pressure Monitors ; Calcium, Dietary ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diet therapy ; prevention & control ; Male ; Natriuresis ; Potassium, Dietary ; administration & dosage ; Single-Blind Method ; Sodium ; metabolism ; Sodium, Dietary ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on U937 cell growth and its mechanism.

METHODSCell cycle was detected by flow cytometry (FCM), expressions of cell cycle associated protein and the p27 related protein were detected by Western blot. The binding of P27 and Skp2 was detected by immunoprecipitation.

RESULTSFCM displayed that ATRA could inhibit the proliferation of U937 cells. At 72 h on 1 micromol/L ATRA treatment, 72% of the cells were arrested at G0/G1 phase. Western blot displayed that ATRA could decrease the expression of cyclin A, up-regulate the expression of p21 and p27, and down-regulate the expression of p27 related proteins Skp2. p27 could bind with Skp2 in U937 cells as detected by immunoprecipitation.

CONCLUSIONATRA may arrest the proliferation of U937 cells through the reduction of Skp2 expression, and finally the induction of the accumulation of p27.

Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; metabolism ; Humans ; S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology ; U937 Cells

Hemolytic diseases of newborn (HDN) can cause miscarriage, premature birth, fetal edema, fetal intrauterine anemia and even fetal death in early pregnancy. Neonatus with HDN can have jaundice, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, edema and nuclear jaundice sequelae. This article reviewed the diagnosis and treatment of two patients with HDN caused by anti-E and anti-Ec combined with anti-Fyb, and reviewed the relevant literature on the epidemilogy, the diagnosis and treatment of HDN in order to improve the understanding of the disease.

Objective To investigate the induction of microRNA (microRNA-106a,miR-106a)on the peritoneal metastasis of human gastric cancer cell BGC-823 by regulating matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor 2 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2,TIMP2).Methods Human gastric cancer cell line BGC-823 was cultured to the logarithmic growth phase. The cells were divided into three groups: BGC-823, BGC-823/anti-miR-106a (antagomir)and BGC-823/negative control.Real-time PCR was used to identify the effect of antagomir.Transwell assay was used to detect the cell migratory and invasive abilities of these three groups in vitro .With small incision, the cells were injected into the abdominal cavity of nude mice to prepare a xenograft model.The animals were divided into two groups:miR-antagomir and miR-NC.The tumor growth in the nude mice was generally observed and estimated.Immunohistochemistry and Western blot methods were used to detect the expression of metastasis-associated protein TIMP2 on the several abdominal organs.Results The expression level of miR-106a was down- regulated in BGC-823/anti-miR-106a group,with the fold change of 0.05±0.01,which was significantly different from that in NC group (t=-18.001,P＜0.001).In vitro exogenously silencing of miR-106a gene,the numbers of invasive and migratory cells in BGC-823/anti-miR-106a group were both significantly lower than those in BGC-823 and BGC-823/negative control groups (P＜0.001).In vivo xenograft model showed that the down-regulation of miR-106a weakened the peritoneal metastasis ability of BGC-823 cells in nude mice abdominal cavity,which was reflected by the decrease of tumor number and tumor size.With the inhibition of miR-106a,the expression of TIMP2 in miR-antagomir group was significantly higher than that in miR-NC group (P＜0.05).Conclusion BGC-823 cell has the tumorigenicity in nude mice.Silencing of miR-106a inhibits gastric cancer cell metastasis, which suggests that it has the oncogenic function.MiR-106a may induce the strengthened peritoneal metastasis ability of BGC-823 cell through acting on TIMP2.

Accumulating evidence indicated that microRNAs (miRNA) play an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis by regulating their target genes.However, whether the miRNA-216b-5p(miR-216b-5p ) and their target genes butyrophilin subfamily 3 member A2(BTN3A2) promote glioma invasion and metastasis is unclear.This study aims to study whether miR-216b-5p promoted migration and invasion in glioma cells by negatively regulating BTN3A2.The differential expression analysis of GSE15824 and GSE4290 was analyzed by GEO2R.We found that only BTN3A2 is up-regulated in both GSE15824 and GSE4290 (P<0.05).The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis indicated BTN3A2 was related to many cancer-related pathways (P<0.05).The results of survival curves showed that the overall survival of patients with high expression of BTN3A2 decreased significantly (P <0.001).The expression of BTN3A2 was increased with the increase of WHO grade (P<0.05), while the expression of BTN3A2 was increased in 1p/19q uncombined deletion and IDH mutant patients (P<0.001).Western blotting results showed that BTN3A2 was up-regulated in seven glioma tissues and glioma cell lines U87, U251 and LN-229 and downregulated in the miR-216b-5p mimics group; Transwell results showed that transfection with BTN3A2 silencing plasmids(si-BTN3A2) or miR-216b-5p mimics plasmids could inhibit the ability of migration and invasion in LN-229 cells in vitro (P<0.05).The online websites predicted miR-216b-5p as a potential target gene of BTN3A2.The survival curve results show that compared with patients with low expression of miR-216b-5p , the survival rate of patients with high expression was significantly increased (P=0.025).The relative expression of miR-216b-5p was decreased in U87, U251 and LN229 cells was detected by real time quantitative PCR (P<0.05).The results of dual luciferase assay showed that BTN3A2 could bind to miR-216b-5p (P<0.05).Transwell experiment results showed that overexpression of miR-216b-5p can inhibit the migration and invasion ability of LN229 cells (P<0.05).In summary, miR-216b-5p promotes the migration and invasion by targeting BTN3A2 of LN-229 glioma cells.

OBJECTIVETo study the Biological effect of seed-coating in Carthamus tinctorins.

METHODTwo kinds of seedcoating chemicals SCF1 and SCF2 were used in this experiment, the seed YM-99 and 27981-99 were coated by three kinds of ratio of seedcoating chemicals to seed. It was investigated that the germination energy and germination percentage in the room and the emergence rate, seedling stage growing, pest in the field.

RESULTSeedoating can improve the emergence rate and seedling stage growing, it also can effectively control aphid, rust and virosis during the growing period in C. tinctorins.

CONCLUSIONSeedcoating has significant biological effect in C. tinctorins.

Carthamus ; growth & development ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Germination ; drug effects ; Pesticides ; pharmacology ; Plant Diseases ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; Seeds ; growth & development

The online and offline hybrid teaching model of evidence-based medicine (EBM) is currently in the stage of development. Previous teaching focused on the teaching process in the classroom, and did not organically combine all the course contents before, during, and after class. The BOPPPS model can be used to establish coherence and integrity in the EBM teaching process. Considering the discipline characteristics and teaching objectives of EBM, this study initially explored and designed a BOPPPS-based online and offline hybrid teaching model. Taking the "diagnostic evidence" module as an example, the teaching implementation details were introduced. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to conduct baseline survey and follow-up survey on students before and after class to evaluate the teaching model and effect. The surveys showed that half of the students (77/154) preferred the new online and offline hybrid teaching model of EBM. The students found that all aspects of BOPPPS teaching were generally acceptable and satisfactory. Compared with before teaching, the students' proficiency in EBM was significantly improved after the teaching ( P<0.001), particularly in their ability to retrieve literature and evaluate the quality of evidence, which is of great significance for expanding their knowledge and clinical thinking.