OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and resistance of bacteria of nosocomial infection in ICU.METHODS A total of 128 strains were detected by double-disc synergy test.RESULTS Among 128 strains from ICU,Gram-negative bacilli,accounted for 61 strains(47.65%),fungi for 48(37.5%),and Gram-positive cocci for 19(14.84%).Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 73.00% and 55.13%.CONCLUSIONS The strains isolated from ICU are antibiotic-resistant.It is very impotant to select antibiotics correctly for infection of the patients in ICU according to the results of antibiotic susceptibility tests.

Objective To investigate the effects of cinnamic acid to enhance the exercise endurance in mice .Methods Through the exhaustive swimming to establish mice exhaustive exercise model ,the mice were divided into control group ,exercise control group and exercise cinnamic group(n=10) ,the mice exhaustive swimming time were comparted ,blood lactic acid(LAC) lev‐els were used to explore the endurance of cinnamic acid in mice;the super oxide dismutase (SOD) ,malondialdehyde (MDA) and peroxidase (CAT) content in liver homogenates were used to detect mice endurance enhancement and antioxidant capacity of cin‐namic acid ,and expression of Na+ /K+‐ATP enzyme ,Ca2+ /Mg2+‐ATP enzyme on mice quadriceps by Western blot to further study its effect on improving exercise capacity in mice .Results Cinnamic acid significantly prolonged the swimming time of mice;Exercise cinnamic group compared with control group:although the LAC content in plasma elevated ,the difference was not statistically sig‐nificant(P>0 .05) ,SOD and CAT in liver homogenate was significantly decreased(P< 0 .05) ,MDA increased significantly(P<0 .01) ,CAT was decreased but with no statistically significant(P>0 .05) ,the expression level of Na+ /K+‐ATP enzyme and Ca2+ /Mg2+‐ATP enzyme decreased significantly (P< 0 .01) .Exercise control group compared with control group:the LAC content in plasma increased significantly(P<0 .01) ,SOD and CAT in liver homogenate was significantly decreased(P<0 .01) ,MDA increased significantly(P< 0 .01) ,expression level of Na+ /K+‐ATP enzyme and Ca2+ /enzyme Mg2+‐ATP decreased significantly (P<0 .01);Exercise cinnamic group exercise control group:the LAC content in plasma was significantly reduced(P<0 .01) ,SOD and CAT in liver tissue significantly increased(P< 0 .01) ,MDA decreased significantly(P<0 .01) ,CAT decreased significantly(P<0 .01) ,the expression level of Na+ /K+‐ATP enzyme and Ca2+ /Mg2+‐ATP enzyme decreased significantly(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Cinnamic acid has good oxidation resistances and anti‐fatigue ability .

Objective To investigate the operative treatment of Sanders' type Ⅲ displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus using a small dorsolateral incision.Methods From October 2006 to April 2012,90 patients with displaced intra-articular calcaneal fracture of sanders' type Ⅲ were treated by open reduction and internal fixation through a small dorsolateral incision at our department.The skin incision was made from the distal tip of the fibula to the base of the fourth metatarsal.They were 69 men and 21 women,aged from 17 to 61 years (average,39 years).On the right side were 49 cases and on the left side 41 cases.According to Sander's classification,26 fractures were of type Ⅲ AB,36 of type Ⅲ AC and 28 type Ⅲ BC.The displacements of articular facet were all larger than 1 mm.The foot functions were evaluated before and after operation by the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scoring system.Results For each patient,4 to 6 calcaneal cannulated screws of 4.0 mm and 2 full threaded screws of 6.5 mm were used.No incision infection,skin necrosis or injury to the posterior tibial nerve or vessels occurred after surgery.Seventy-six patients were followed up for 10 to 56 months (average,20.5 months).Clinical union was achieved after 8 to 12 weeks (average,9.5 weeks).The lateral and axial X-ray films of the calcaneus at the last follow-up showed fine reduction and fixation of the fracture fragments and significant improvements in the length,width,height,and B(o)hler and Gissane angles of the calcaneus compared with the preoperation (P ＜ O.05).The ankle and hindfoot scored 70 to 100 AOFAS points at the last follow-up.Forty-five cases were excellent,24 good,5 fair and 2 poor (excellent to good rate of 90.8％).Follow-up observed no infection,nonunion or osteomyelitis.Conclusion Open reduction and internal fixation through a small dorsolateral incision is a good option for Sanders' type Ⅲ calcaneus fractures with a displacement of more than 1 mm,because it leads to minimal soft tissue damage,excellent exposure and convenience for later removal of internal fixators and subtalar arthrodesis.

Objective To promote the clinical practice of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) coated prosthesis in order to improve its biological fixation. Methods There were 12 healthy mongrels, weighted from 20 to 25 kg. They were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the scarified time. The bilateral femurs were adopted as the graft areas, and 4 kinds of implant were transplanted into each femur randomly. The transplant consisted of porous-coated anatomic(PCA group), PCA combined with BMP (BMP group), PCA combined with hydroxyapatite(Composite group), and polish PCA combined with HA (HA group). The femurs of the mongrels were retrieved at the 4th, 8th and 12th week respectively. Bone ingrowth and shear strength between the interfaces of the bone-implant were studied, using X-ray, soft X-ray, fluorescence tag, non-decalcification ground section, computer-aided image analysis, and histological examinations. Results By gross observation, the composite for the group of PCA with BMP was the most stable in all the experimental groups. All implants showed good histocompatibility, the bone ingrowth on the implant surface appeared earlier in the BMP group than any others, and so did the maturation of new bone. At 4th week, the percent of new bone formation in the BMP group was 26.58%?4.56%, which was also much higher than PCA group (18.28%?2.46%), Composite group (17.23%?2.11%), and HA group(16.89%?3.13%) through the means of non-decalcified ground section and computer aided image analysis, and the difference was of statistical significance(P0.05). Conclusion The composite of BMP to the PCA is effective and feasible procedure, which could increase biological fixation of the interfaces between the bone and implant. Furthermore, HA coating is also an effective method of prosthesis surface treatment in order to improve bone ingrowth and enhance the interface shear strength, and the technique of HA coating is an essential factor in processing the prosthesis.

Objective To study the combined effect of chlorotoluron and atrazine on the testis of mice. Methods Kunming mice were divided into groups and treated with chlorotoluron and atrazine alone or in combination by gavage at different doses for 25 consecutive days. Microscope and electron microscope were used to observe the morphological changes. Results The herbicides used alone or in combination, at all the test doses, caused the morphological changes in degrees in the testis. Under the light microscope, seminiferous epithelium arrayed loosely and disorderedly, spermatogenic cell shed, and layers lessened compared with the control group. Under the electron microscope, mitochondria in the seminiferous epithelium appeared vacuolated, karyotheca swelled, bent and the function of sustentacular cell declined. Compared with alone use groups, the pathological changes were more serious in combination use groups. Conclusion Chlorotoluron and atrazine can produce a combined toxic effect on the testis of mice.

OBJECTIVE To study the dynamic changing rule and effective factors of in-door air quality of cleanliness in operating room.METHODS On-the-spot air sampling method was used to examine the efficacy in purifying bacteria in operating room.RESULTS The bacterial count in air of operation area was significantily higher than that of the peripheral area(P

Objective To investigate changes of markers of prethrombotic state(PTS)with heart failure and to explore their clinical significances.Methods Plasma levels of t-PA、PAI-1、Fg、PT、APTT、ET-1、MPV were measured in 52 patients with heart failure and in 38 normal controls.Results Compared with the healthy control group,patients with heart failure had significant increase of plasma PAI-1、Fg and ET-1level.Conclusions PTS is present in heart failure,especially in those with more severe Nyha class.

Objective To investigate prognosis of endometriosis and to determined correlative factors of pelvic pain associated with endometriosis after conservative surgery.Methods The clinical data in patients with pelvic pain related to endometriosis and underwent surgery treatment from January 2000 to September 2009 in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital were collected and sorted,then the patients were followed up.The data were analyzed by statistical software SPSS 13.0 for windows.Results A total of 332 patients with endometriomas were underwent conservative surgery,281 (84.6％,281/332) cases of them relieved pelvic pain.The univariate analysis showed that the effects were signficantly with age,Douglas pouch reconstruction,postoperative medical therapy,presacral neurectomy (PSN) and combined adenomyosis (all P＜0.05).The multivariate analysis also showed that age(OR=0.946,P＜0.01),Douglas pouch reconstruction (OR=0.208,P＜0.01),postoperative medical therapy (OR=0.504,P＜0.01),PSN (OR=0.121,P＜0.05) and combined with adenomyosis (OR=2.528,P＜0.01) were also the correlative factors to prognosis.Conclusion The protective factors for prognosis of pelvic pain associated with endometriosis included age,Douglas pouch reconstruction,postoperative medical therapy and PSN,while the risk factor was combined with uterine adenomyosis.

Objective:To explore the closed fog mirror in evaluation of velopharyngeal incompetence. Methods:A self-developed closed fog mirror was and used to evaluate for the velopharyngeal compentence and to determine the extent of velopharyngeal compentence according to the map on the fog mirror from nasal air emission and to grade the velopharyngeal compentence from the shape and size of the fog on the mirror. Then choose the right treatment method: speech therapy or pharyngoplasty. Results:The closed-fog-mirror determined different types of velopharyngeal compentence. Conclusion:The closed fog mirror is simple and objective in evaluation of velopharyngeal incompetence.

Objective To evaluate the clinical applied effects of tibial shaft fracture with intramedullary interlocking nail and small incision. Methods From November 2004 to October 2005,47 cases of tibial shaft fracture were treated with intramedullary interlocking nail, all the cases were adopted with small incision and intramedullary interlocking nail, and analysed the curative effects Results 47 cases were followed-up ranged 8 ～ 27 months. All cases resumed normal knee function 6 to 12 weeks after operation,without nonunion and malunion. Conclusion Treatment of tibial shaft fracture with intramedullary interlocking nail and small incision had the advantages of little trauma,good stability, high rate of fracture union and rapid functions recovery. It is worthy deserveed to be put into application and populatization in clinics.