Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has become a leading cause of irreversible visual loss in senior population with serious influence to their ability of living independently.Epidemiological researches have revealed various risk factors of AMD,some of which are not controllable such as age,heredity and race ;while others are modifiable such as lifestyle,eye conditions and other systemic diseases.However,the awareness of AMD risk factors is alarmingly low in public.Meanwhile,the understanding of AMD risk factors among ophthalmologists is also unsatisfactory.Therefore,the risk factors of AMD are reviewed here in order to improve the understanding of the ophthalmologists and better guide the clinical management of AMD.

This article introduced basic information of production composition, health preservation functions and main raw materials of authorized vinum health food. It also made comparison and analysis among vinum health food, medicinal liquor and compound wine on the basis of product orientation, raw materials, and evaluation system. It conducted analysis on turmoil and main problems in health preservation wine market. Combined with the problems in the supervision of health preservation, it proposed the policy suggestions of strehgthening administration of vinum health food and identify the production orientation of vinum health food, medicinal liquor and compound wine from the aspects of raw materials, function claimation and management. It also put forward rational consumption suggestions, with a purpose to offer references to related authorities, researchers, and consumers.

A new group of gastric cancer associated antigens in sera of patients with rectal cancer, benign diseases and normal human were detected by MG series monoclonal antibodies against gastric cancer. The average values of normal persons plus 3 standard deviations was set as the highest limit of normal value. The positive rate were 69.7% (23/33) in sera of patients with rectal cancer, and 4%(1/25) in sera of patients with benign diseases. The values of MG-Ags were decreased to normal level 8-10 days after surgical removal in 5 patients of rectal cancer. The results of test suggest that determination of MG-Ags in serum of patients might be helpful in the diagnosis of rectal carcinoma.

This article introduces the structure, principle and characteristics of a new anorectal therapeutic apparatus. The adoption of new technologies, new components and new materials lays the foundation for the compatibility for electric energy, magnetic energy and thermal energy as well as the safety and comfortability of the intracavitary electrode. The intracavitary electrode possesses the functions of electrotherapy, thermotherapy, magnetotherapy and massage, and thus can be applied to the physical therapies of colitis, irritable bowel syndrome and prostatitis. The apparatus has such advantages as reliable curative effects, no toxic and side effects, simple manipulations, low cost, etc, and thus should be popularized.

The low butanol concentration of acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation causes uneconomical product recovery. In this work, the effect of small molecule non-ionic surfactants on butanol fermentation was evaluated, using laboratory stocks of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Non-ionic surfactants substantially increased butanol production when additive amount was higher than 1% (W/W). Butanol concentration reached 16.9 g/L with 5% (W/W) Tween 80 and 100 g/L glucose in a 5 L fermenter. It was found that surfactants micelle solubilization capacity to butanol was very limited, indicating that butanol could hardly enter the surfactants micelle. Butanol production improvement was probably caused by cell surface hydrophobicity change due to surfactants adsorption.
Acetone ; chemistry ; Bioreactors ; Butanols ; chemistry ; Clostridium acetobutylicum ; metabolism ; Ethanol ; chemistry ; Fermentation ; Surface-Active Agents ; chemistry

Adult ; Female ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell ; pathology ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; pathology

Objective To explore the feasibility of Ilizarov technique in managing large tibia defects combined with soft tissue defects.Methods A total of 24 patients with large tibial defects combined with soft tissue defects caused by compound open tibial fractures were fixed with Ilizarov technique from September 2003 to September 2010.All patients belonged to open tibial fractures,including 20 patients with Gustilo type Ⅲ B and four with Gustilo type Ⅲ C.After debridement,the soft tissue defect areas was 10 cm ×6 cm and the bone defect was(8 ±4)cm.Fifteen patients with tibial defects ＜5 cm were treated with one stage debridement,fibula resection and tibial defect end compression.The other nine patients with tibial defect ＞ 5 cm were managed by one stage debridement,bone transport and bone lengthening.Then,15 patients were treated with one stage debridement,wound closure or wound reduction,bone grafting treatment and second stage cleansing of the incarcerated skin and fracture end.Results All patients were followed up for average 14 months(10-24 months),which showed reconstruction of the bone defects,restoration of the limb length,fracture healing and less than 2 cm difference between health limb and contralateral limb.One patient experienced common peroneal nerve palsy after operation,but recovered three months later.Of all,19 patients recovered without extra surgery,three restored with skin graft and two received skin flap.Conclusion Ilizarov technique is an effective option for treating the tibial defects combined with soft tissue defects at one stage.

Objective To present our experience in two-stage procedure immediate breast reconstruction,which aimed to retain local tissue condition for breast reconstruction,overcome the limitation of radiotherapy on implant reconstruction,and simplify the procedure as well as improve cosmetic result.Methods The proceduces of our method were divided into two stages:in the first stage,the round-shaped expander was implanted in the subpectoral major space during the procedure of mastectomy; at the same time as expander implanted,the first saline injection was performed; with 4 to 8 weeks of inflation,the tissue expander offered adequate tissue for breast reconstruction; in the second stage,silicon gel implant,latissimus dorsi muscle flap,extended latissimus dorsi muscle flap and deep inferior epigastic perforatior flap were used for breast reconstruction after the tissue expander was exchanged.Results Thirty-four patients had undergone the two-staged breast reconstruction using tissue expansion.The average time of therapy was 5.5 months.There were no postoperative complications such as implant exposure,additional scar,and flap necrosis.The follow-up time was 6 to 18 months and the result showed excellent contour of the breast at a satisfactory rate of 97.1％.Conclusions Two-staged technique using tissue expansion in breast reconstruction is easily done and the complications are rare.The technique possesses advantages such as avoiding affection of radiotherapy on silicongel implant and elasticity of skin,retaining maximal local tissue for breast reconstruction.There is no necessary for correction of skin defect and additional scarring,thus the patch-like appearance of breast is avoided.The patients need not to experience depression post mastectomy.Two-staged procedure immediate breast reconstruction is a safe and reliable technique that is especially applicable to the patients who need radiotherapy.

With building up a clinical modification system model by upgrading the standard disease classification system architecture,to collect those huge amount of diagnosis names and codes in use,based on the model to screen and coordinate the relation of them,the tenth revision of the International Classification of Disease Clinical Modification of Beijing is implemented.This standard has been successfully applied for two years in all those secondary and above level hospitals in Beijing.It could well support the work of deploying Diagnosis Related Groups in Beijing and support not only those traditional applications of disease classification but also those new and advance requirements of information processing.

Streptomyces sp.X-435 isolated from a soil sample collected in the suburbs of Beijing was proved to be a produce Virginiamycin.To improve the productivity of the Virginiamycin of Streptomyces sp.X-435,the spores of strain X-435 were treated with UV.The three types of colony,strawhat,wrinkled,blad,were isolated on Gaose's medium plates after mutation.Among them,the colonies of strawhat type exhibited positive mutation and were picked up as objects of screening.After five generation of mutation,the mutant F5-25-u-28 was selected which potency of Virginiamycin was about 20times higher than that of the beginning strain by flask fermentation and was also genetic stable.