Objective To analyze the prevalence and clinical characteristics of brucellosis in Liuzhou that is a non-pasture area,and to provide a basis for diagnosis and treatment of brucellosis.Methods Time distribution,population distribution,main symptoms,onset time,serum procalcitonin (PCT),C reactive protein (CRP) and blood routine were analyzed in 20 patients with brucellosis at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2013 to December 2016,and the results were compared with those of 35 cases of sepsis.Results A total of 20 cases brucellosis was conformed,13 cases (65.0％,13/20) occurred in 2016,and the incidence was increased year by year.Sixteen cases (80.0％,16/20) had a history of exposure to cattle and sheep.The ages of patients in brucellosis group were younger than those in sepsis group [(46.6 + 10.4) years vs (59.4 + 17.0) years,t =-3.49,P ＜ 0.05],the onset time in brucellosis was longer than those in sepsis group [24.5(14.3-39.8) d vs 7.0 (6.0-12.0) d,U =90.00,P ＜ 0.05].Eight cases (100.0％,8/8) of brucellosis showed that the PCT ＜ 0.5 μg/L,while only 3 cases (8.6％,3/35) in sepsis group,the difference was significant statistically between the two groups (x2 =23.99,P ＜ 0.05).Majority of brucellosis showed that white blood cells (70.0％,14/20),neutrophils (85.0％,17/20),lymphocytes (90.0％,18/20),neutrophil ratio (80.0％,16/20) and lymphocyte ratio (55.0％,11/20) were normal.Compared with the sepsis group,the levels of PCT [0.30(0.19-0.38) μg/L vs 4.70 (1.30-18.28) μg/L,U =0.00,P ＜ 0.05],CRP [24.43 (12.78-45.06) mg/L vs 101.60 (62.63-163.58) mg/L,U =100.00,P ＜ 0.05],white blood cells [5.76 (4.76-7.99) × 109/L vs 12.34 (8.50-16.12) × 109/L,U =91.50,P ＜ 0.05] and neutrophils [3.22(2.49-4.65) × 109/L vs 10.40(7.76-14.05) × 109/L,U =58.00,P ＜ 0.05] in brucellosis were lower,while lymphocytes [1.80(1.26-2.69) × 109/L vs 0.91(0.52-1.36) × 109/L,U =121.50,P ＜ 0.05] were higher.Conclusion The number of patients with brucellosis is increased in a non-pasture area these years,and the PCT,CRP and blood routine are different from those in sepsis,so physicians should pay much more attention to the disease in early diagnosis and treatment.