Brain Ischemia ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/diagnostic imaging* ; Hemorrhagic Stroke ; Humans ; Moyamoya Disease/diagnostic imaging* ; Stroke/etiology*

OBJECTIVETo assess the clinical value of transoral carotid ultrasonography (TOCU) in the detection of the blood flow parameters of the distal extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) in patients with moyamoya disease.

METHODSFourteen patients with the diagnosis of moyamoya disease confirmed by digital subtractive angiography (DSA) underwent examination with conventional carotid ultrasonography of the proximal internal carotid artery (ICA). TOCU was performed to observe the distal extracranial ICA and the internal diameter, peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) were measured.

RESULTSAll the patients had unilateral moyamoya disease. Compared with the contralateral ICA, distal extracranial ICA showed a significantly reduced internal diameter, PSV and EDV (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in the internal diameter, PSV or EDV between the distal and proximal ICA on the diseased side. The internal diameter of the bilateral common carotid arteries (CCA) was similar, but the PSV and EDV were significantly lower in the contralateral CCA.

CONCLUSIONTOCU can provide information of the blood flow in the distal extracranial ICA to facilitate an accurate diagnosis of moyamoya disease.

Adult ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moyamoya Disease ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography ; methods

Adolescent ; Cerebellum ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Cerebral Angiography ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Moyamoya Disease ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology

The histopathological features of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and superficial temporal artery (STA) from moyamoya disease (MMD) and their relationships with gender, age, angiography stage were explored. The causes and the clinical significance of vasculopathy of STA were also discussed. The clinical data and specimens of MCA and STA from 30 MMD patients were collected. Twelve samples of MCA and STA from non-MMD patients served as control group. Histopathological examination was then performed by measuring the thickness of intima and media, and statistical analysis was conducted. The MCA and STA specimens from MMD group had apparently thicker intima and thinner media than those from the control group. There was no significant pathological difference between the hemorrhage group and non-hemorrhage group, and between the males and females in MMD patients. Neither the age nor the digital subtraction angiography (DSA) stage was correlated with the thickness of intima in MCA and STA. MMD is a systemic vascular disease involving both intracranial and extracranial vessels. Preoperative external carotid arteriography, especially super-selective arteriography of the STA, benefits the selection of donor vessel.
Adult ; Angiography ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Moyamoya Disease ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Temporal Arteries ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Tunica Intima ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology