Objective: To use MRI method for continuous observation of the protective effect of uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP) against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods: The cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. UTP solution was delivered through an indwelling tail venous catheter via microinfusion pump 30 min after MCAO at a rate of 5 ml·kg-1·min-1. Neurological deficit score (NDS) and brain water content were determined 24 h after reperfusion. The infarction volume was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyl- tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and MRI at 6, 30, and 54 h after reperfusion. Results: The NDS scores in 10, 30, and 90 μg/kg UTP groups were significantly lower than that in the saline control group (P<0.01); the water contents in the right cerebral hemisphere of 10, 30, and 90 μg/kg UTP groups were significantly less than that in the normal saline group (P<0.01). The cerebral infarction volume was gradually decreased with the increase of UTP dose, and the proportions of infarction volumes in 10, 30, and 90 μg/kg UTP groups were significantly decreased compared with the saline control group (P<0.01). The infarction volumes at 6, 30, and 54 h after reperfusion in 90 μg/kg UTP group were significantly lower than those in the saline control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: UTP has a protective effect on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats; it can greatly reduce the volume of cerebral infarction.

Objective To provide a scientific basis for nursing managers to promote the professional quality of life of nurses.Methods Totally 373 nurses from three general hospitals in Jinan by convenience sampling technique were recruited and assessed with the Professional Quality of Life Scale Version 5 (ProQOL-V) and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire.The relationship between professional quality of life and mindfulness was analyzed.Results The average score of compassion satisfaction was (29.71±6.61) points,the average score of compassion fatigue was (52.82±8.04) points,which were in the middle level of them.Compassion satisfaction was correlated with mindfulness,observation,description,non-reactiveness and non-judgment (P ＜ 0.05).Compassion fatigue was correlated with mindfulness,observation,awareness of the action,non-reactiveness and non-judgment (P ＜ 0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed that the three dimensions (observation,non-reactiveness and non-judgment) of mindfulness could predict 15％ variance of compassion satisfaction and the three dimensions (observation,awareness of the action and non-judgment) of mindfulness could predict 34.1％ variance of compassion fatigue after controlling demographic variables.Conclusions Mindfulness can effectively predict nurses' professional quality of life.Nursing managers should take some mindfulness training in order to improve their professional quality of life.

Objective To explore the value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR-FT) in quantita tive evaluation of myocardium deformation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).Methods Sixteen HCM patients (HCM group) and 18 healthy volunteers (control group) were enrolled and measured with CMR-FT.The differences of left ventricular (LV) end diastolic volume (LVEDV),LV end systolic volume (LVESV),LV ejection fraction (LVEF),left ventricular mass (LVMASS) and LV global radial strain (RS),LV global circumferential strain (CS) were compared between the two groups.The correlations between segmental wall thickness and segmental RS and CS were studied.And the correlation among global RS,CS and LVEDV,LVESV,LVEF,LVMASS were analyzed.Results LVMASS in HCM group was higher than that in control group ([133.74±79.13]g vs [76.87±14.15]g,P=0.01).No sig nificant differences of LVEDV,LVESV,LVEF were found between HCM group and control group (all P＞0.05).Global RS and CS were significantly lower in HCM group than those in control group (RS:[27.05 ± 13.35]％ vs [40.62 ± 4.92] ％,P＜0.01;CS:[-8.68± 5.56] ％ vs [-20.73 ± 1.56] ％,P＜0.01).No significant correlations was observed between segmental wall thickness and segmental RS (r=-0.41,P＜0.01),CS (r=0.28,P＜0.01),respectively.In HCM group,no significant correlations was observed between global RS (r=-0.36,-0.41,0.22,-0.36),CS (r=0.34,0.10,0.22,0.42) and LVEDV,LVESV,LVEF,LVMASS,respectively (all P＞0.05).Conclusion CMR-FT is conducive to quantitative evaluate myocardial deformation in HCM patients.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) on left ventricular (LV) myocardial perfusion, myocardial viability, LV remodeling, regional and global LV function serially following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Chinese mini-pigs.Methods:AMI was established in 12 Chinese mini-pigs (8 males, 4 females; age: 6-8 months) and they were randomly divided into RIC group ( n=6) and non-RIC group ( n=6). RIC was performed in pigs by blood pressure inflation on the lower limbs for 5 min period and 4 cycles immediately after surgery. A series of myocardial perfusion imaging and gated 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) myocardial metabolism PET/CT imaging were performed longitudinally at the 1st, 14th, 28th and 56th days after AMI, and parameters including total perfusion defect (TPD), hibernating myocardium (HM), Scar, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), summed motion score (SMS), summed thickening score (STS) and changes of these parameters were obtained. Independent-samples t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze data. Results:Nine Chinese mini-pigs survived after surgery and were performed imaging. Compared to non-RIC group ( n=4), HM at the 28th ((6.0±2.4)% vs (17.0±4.6)%; t=-4.158), TPD 14th-1st ((-11.8±5.4)% vs 9.0%(4.5%, 15.0%); z=2.449), TPD 28th-1st ((-15.3±3.9)% vs (12.0±3.0)%; t=-10.071), TPD 56th-1st ((-18.0±6.5)% vs 9.0%(4.5%, 12.0%); z=2.449), HM 28th-1st ((-10.5±6.9)% vs (8.3±2.1)%; t=-4.507), HM 56th-1st (-15.0%(-17.5%, -8.5%) vs 2.0%(0%, 7.0%); z=2.449) and LVEDV 14th-1st (-0.5(-2.5, 0) ml vs (13.0±4.4) ml; z=2.470) were reduced in RIC group ( n=5; all P<0.05). Conclusion:RIC can improve myocardial perfusion, delay LV remodeling in the acute stage and salvage hibernating myocardium in the subacute stage and chronic stage.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of diet-induced obesity on the apoptosis of testicular spermatogenic cells in pubertal male rats.

METHODSForty healthy male rats were equally and randomly divided into a control and a high-fat group, the former fed on normal diet, while the latter high-fat and high-calorie diet. The testes of the rats were harvested at the end of 10 weeks for detection of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the peripheral blood with the automatic biochemical analyzer. Pathological changes of the testis were observed under the light microscope, the apoptosis of the testicular cells detected by TUNEL, the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins determined by immunohistochemistry, and those of Bcl-2 mRNA and Bax mRNA measured by RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were significantly higher in the high-fat group (5.17 +/- 0.17, 1.18 +/- 0.09, 1.76 +/- 0.11 and 5.08 +/- 0.18) than in the control (1.38 +/- 0.12, 0.39 +/- 0.05, 0.97 +/- 0.07 and 0.75 +/- 0.06) (P < 0.05), so was the apoptotic index of spermatogenic cells (37.17 +/- 2.74 versus 5.16 +/- 0.81, P < 0.01), and the apoptotic spermatogenic cells were mainly spermatogonia and spermatocytes. The expressions of Bax protein and Bax mRNA were markedly higher in the high-fat group (153.26 +/- 8.74 and 1.08 +/- 0.12) than in the control (101.81 +/- 6.14 and 0.37 +/- 0.04) (P < 0.01), while those of Bcl-2 protein and Bcl-2 mRNA remarkably lower in the former (139.26 +/- 7.21 and 0.46 +/- 0.05) than in the latter (159.37 +/- 8.96 and 1.05 +/- 0.11) (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONDiet-induced obesity can increase the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells in the rat testis, which may be associated with the reduced expression of Bcl-2 and elevated expression of Bax.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Diet ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Obesity ; etiology ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Testis ; cytology ; pathology ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the ability of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) as a prognostic indicator of renal function in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.Methods A total of 122 patients with CKD were collected,and patients with allergies to sulfur hexafluoride,pregnancy,cardiopulmonary insufficiency,urinary calculus and tumour were excluded.These patients were divided into estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR,ml·min1· (1.73 m2)-1] ≥60 group,eGFR 30-59 group and eGFR ＜ 30 group.CEUS was performed after an intravenous bolus injection of 1.5 ml SonoVue (BR1;Bracco Milan,Italy).Time-intensity curves (TICs) and quantitative indexes were created using QLAB quantification software.Followed up for 2 years,and patients with eGFR dropped 50％,double serum creatinine and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were regarded as having kidney failure events.Risk factors related to kidney survival were investigated using a multivariate Cox regression model.Results One hundred patients were enrolled in the study,with 78％ patients in CKD 1-2 stages,16％ in CKD 3 stage and 6％ in CKD 4-5 stages.Patients were followed for a mean period of 14.1 months,ten (10％) patients exhibited composite kidney failure events.Among 3 groups,significant differences in the left kidney length derived peak intensity (DPI) were noted (P=0.014,P=0.010).Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the DPI was an independent factor of progression of kidney disease.Multiple linear regression showed that age,basic eGFR,peak intensity were associated with eGFR decline rate.Patients with DPI ＜ 12.27 db were less to recover from kidney disease progression as compared with patients with DPI≥ 12.27 db (P=0.008).The area under the curve (AUC) for DPI was 0.778(95％ CI 0.612-0.944,P＜ 0.05),with a sensitivity of 64％ and a specificity of 88％.Conclusions The DPI might be the most valuable CEUS parameter for the evaluation of renal function.The DPI could serve as an independent predictor of the long-term prognosis of CKD patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the approach of emergency management for severe pelvic fracture associated with injuries of adjacent viscera and evaluate the therapeutic effect.

METHODSThe data of 79 patients with severe pelvic fracture associated with injuries of adjacent viscera were retrospectively studied, and the study covered a period of 14 years.

RESULTSTo cease massive bleeding due to pelvic fracture, ligation of internal iliac arteries was performed on 33 cases, and angioembolization on 8. Of 42 patients with cystic or/and urethral injury, 35 underwent cystostomy and delayed reconstruction, and 7 received a primary realignment. All of 17 patients with injury of retroperitoneal rectum underwent diverting colostomy of the proximal end of sigmoid with presacral drainage, but 4 received primary repair without colostomy. In 22 patients with intraperitoneal colorectal injury, 19 were managed with primary repair or anastomosis while 3 received a colostomy. The overall mortality rate was 8.86% (7/79); the main causes were hemorrhagic shock and associated injury. The complications included urethro-rectal fistula in 4 cases, thrombosis of right common iliac artery in 1, ARDS following chest trauma in 1, and paraplegia in 1. Except the patient with paraplegia, all of them were cured.

CONCLUSIONSPrompt diagnosis and proper treatment are the key to success. Devascularization of internal iliac arteries with external fixation cage of the pelvis, cystostomy and proximal sigmoidostomy are effective procedures in emergency treatment of the critical patients.

Abdominal Injuries ; complications ; therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; complications ; therapy ; Hemorrhage ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Bones ; injuries ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

In the present study, isoelectronic focusing with different pH gradients (pH 3-5, 2-6) or migrating distances (8.5, 12 and 17 cm) and SDS-PAGE was used to separate continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (CERA), recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO), darbepoetin and endogenous EPO spiked in human urine with 37 degrees C overnight incubation. Double blotting and chemiluminescent visualization were used to detect the IEF and SDS-PAGE profiles. The bands of CERA profile were detected and well separated from the endogenous EPO and the other two EPO preparations with both SDS-PAGE and the IEF method using a gradient pH 3-5 and a migrating distance of 17 cm, and a significant particular band of CERA profile was found in the IEF result. These preliminary results indicated that the methods were reliable and reproducible for detecting CERA, and could be used as a routine procedure for anti-doping analysis.
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Erythropoietin ; urine ; Humans ; Isoelectric Focusing ; methods ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Recombinant Proteins

OBJECTIVEto map out the frequency and types of K-ras gene mutations present in colorectal and lung cancer patients; to evaluate the clinical applicability of a novel real-time double-loop probe PCR using the ADx-K-ras kit, and to compare its performance with the result by using traditional Sanger DNA sequencing in detection of somatic mutations of the tumor genes.

METHODSa total of 827 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks including 583 from the colorectal and 244 from the lung cancer patients were assayed. Genomic DNA of the sample tissues was extracted, purified and subjected to PCR amplification of K-ras gene codon 12 and 13 and DNA sequencing was carried on using both the traditional Sanger sequencing method and the ADx's K-ras mutation detection kit, respectively. The mutation rates for K-ras gene at codon 12 and 13, and the mutation frequencies detected by using both methods were analyzed.

RESULTS533 out of 583 (91.4%) colorectal cancer samples and 144 out of 244 lung cancer samples (59.0%) were detected using the traditional Sanger DNA sequencing technique, and 583 out of 583 (100.0%) colorectal plus 244 out of 244(100.0%) lung cancers were detected, respectively by using the ADx-K-ras kit. Of the 583 colorectal cancer samples, 192 (32.9%) showed mutations by using the ADx-K-ras kit in comparing with a result of 160 samples (27.4%) with K-ras gene mutation by using the traditional Sanger DNA sequencing technique. Of the 244 lung cancer samples, 26 (10.7%) showed K-ras gene mutations by using ADx-K-ras kit, while in 144 samples detected by using the traditional Sanger DNA sequencing technique, only 12 samples (8.3%) showed K-ras gene mutations. In colorectal cancer analyzed, GGT→GAT at codon 12 was the most common event with 35.1% (66/188) mutations, followed by GGC→GAC at codon 13 with 26.6% (50/188) and GGT→GTT at codon 12 with 18.6% (35/188), while GGT→GCT at codon12 was the most rare with only 1.6% (3/188) of the total mutation cases. In patients with lung cancer analyzed, GGT→GTT at codon 12 was the most common mutation, accounting for 40.9% (9/22), and GGT→GCT at codon 12 the most rare with only about 4.5% (1/22) of the total mutation cases.

CONCLUSIONSK-ras gene mutations were present in colorectal cases, and significantly more frequent than that in lung cancer. There were significant statistical differences between the two methods. ADx-K-ras real-time PCR showed much higher successful detection rates and mutation ratios compared to Sanger sequencing. As a result, the real-time PCR with ADx-K-ras kit proves to have a good clinical applicability and a strong advantage over the traditional Sanger DNA sequencing. It is a effective and reliable tool for clinical screening of somatic gene mutations in tumors.

Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; Genes, ras ; genetics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; methods

Objective To investigate the relationship between the onset of cerebral infarction in anterior and posterior circulation and the "three high" risk factors in Guangzhou communities. Methods From Jan. 2014 to Jan.2016,367 patients from Guangzhou communities were diagnosed with new cerebral infarction by head diffu-sion weighted imaging(DWI).The data were divided into two groups of anterior and posterior circulation,and uni-variate and multivariate methods were used to analyze the relationship between the "three high" and other risk factors and the onset of cerebral infarction in anterior and posterior circulation.The data of anterior circulation cere-bral infarction were further divided into two subgroups of lacunar and non-lacunar infarction,and the same statisti-cal methods were employed to analyze differences of risk factors between the two subgroups. Results The frequen-cies of hypertension(P = 0.040)and large atherosclerotic infarction(P = 0.012)were significantly higher,and the serum high-density lipoprotein(HDL)level(P = 0.045)was significantly lower in posterior circulation than those in anterior circulation,respectively;and the onset of posterior circulation cerebral infarction was more associ-ated with the incidence of hypertension(OR = 1.767,P = 0.035)and the decrease of HDL(OR = 0.380,P =0.021). In anterior circulation,the levels of systolic blood pressure(SBP)(P = 0.011)and diastolic blood pres-sure(DBP)(P=0.000),as well as the frequency of large atherosclerotic infarction(P=0.000)in non-lacunar infarction subgroup were significantly higher than those in lacunar infarction subgroup respectively,and the onset of non-lacunar infarction was more closely related to increased SBP levels(OR=1.045,P=0.001). Conclusions Among the"three high"risk factors,the onset of posterior circulation cerebral infarction is more closely related to the incidence of hypertension and the decrease of HDL.In anterior circulation,and the onset of non-lacunar infarc-tion is more closely related to the increased levels of DBP and SBP,especially to the elevated levels of SBP.