Objectives: To provide a representative data on the local profile of motorcycle-related ocular trauma seen in a tertiary hospital over a period of one year. Methodology: A retrospective case review of all motorcycle-related trauma patients seen at the emergency room of the Philippine General Hospital (PGH) by the Trauma Service of the Department of Surgery and referred to the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (DOVS) for eye injuries was conducted. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the prevalence and types of injuries, and the factors affecting these injuries. Results: Thrity-four charts were reviewed; 9 (26.5%) patients had bilateral ocular involvement and 25 (73.5%) unilateral, a total of 43 eyes. The patients were mostly males in their productive age, belonged to the lower economic bracket, and came from nearby Southern Luzon provinces and the National Capital Region (NCR). Most of the injuries incurred were mild and involved the external surface of the eye. Night motorcycle driving, fair weather, and alcohol use were risks identified for motorcycle-related ocular injuries. Helmet use was the only identifiable risk indirectly correlated with severity of ocular injury. Conclusion Although majority of the ophthalmic injuries were classified as mild, and eyes involved had generally good visual potential, helmet use was the only identifiable risk associated with the severity of the ocular injury
Motorcycles

Study on the prevalence of motorcycle-related injury and death in Vietnam. Results: 68% of total traffic-related injuries were in group of 15-29 years old, 71% in group of 30-49 years old. In the year 2002, at Hai Duong province and Hanoi city, there were almost 50% of drivers hadn’t driver’s license and 26-28% of drivers had drunk before driving. The rate of wearing helmet was low: 2% in 1997, 6% in 1999 and 8% in 2001. With heavy burden of motorcycle-related injury and death, the promotion of safe driving and applying interventions for reduce of traffic-related injury and death would be urgent. Policy-makers should focus on some problem such as drinking alcohol, drive’s speed, and wearing helmets, etc.
Wounds and Injuries ; Motorcycles

Traumatic dislocation of the testis is defined as an ectopically displaced testis as the result of trauma. It is usually associated with motorcycle accidents, but a few cases have been reported from incidents ranging from kicks to the perineum to falling accidents. Traumatic dislocation of the testis occurs as a result of direct pressure exerted on the scrotum causing the testicle to be expelled into the surrounding tissue. We experienced 3 varying cases of superficial inguinal dislocations of the testis. One was due to a motorcycle accident, another to kicks and one to a falling accident. Spontaneous reduction is rare, and early surgical reduction is often required.
Dislocations* ; Motorcycles ; Perineum ; Scrotum ; Testis*

The clay-shoveler's fracture is an isolated avulsion fracture of the lower cervical or upper thoracic spinous process. Among them, multiple spinous process fractures are very rare. We present 34-year-old male patient who have multiple spinous process fractures with twelve contiguous levels of cervico-thoracic spine (from C4 to T8) after motorcycle accident. This case is multiple isolated spinous process fractures with good clinical outcome.
Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Motorcycles ; Spine*

Total extrusion of the talus is a very rare injury. If the talus is found in a short time, it can be restored to its original position. If the talus is missing or found too late, however, surgeons may attempt tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis or use a pseudoarthrosis without repositioning the talus. As direct tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis may shorten the lower extremity, tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis using a sandwich block can be performed. We performed tibiocalcaneonavicular arthrodesis using a sandwich block to treat a patient with open talus extrusion caused by a motorcycle accident and obtained good clinical results.
Arthrodesis ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Motorcycles ; Pseudarthrosis ; Talus

Pneumocephalus is defined as the presence of air within the cranial cavity. Trauma such as automobile accidents, motorcycle accidents, and missile injuries is the most common cause of pneumocephalus. There have previously been four reported cases of pneumocephalus following stab wounds to the neck in the English literature. We present an unusual case of pneumocephalus following a neck stab wound with a review of the literatures.
Automobiles ; Motorcycles ; Neck ; Pneumocephalus ; Wounds, Stab

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of surgical and conservative treatment for coronal fracture of the distal femoral condyle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors reviewed 19 cases from January 1993 to June 1999. Medial condyle (11 cases) was more common than lateral condyle (8 cases) and the causes of injuries included 10 cases of motor vehicle accident, 4 cases of motorcycle accident, 3 cases of falling down and 2 cases of slipping down. We divided the cases into an operation group (15 cases) and a non-operation group (4 cases) and evaluated results as good, fair and poor according to Letenneur's functional assessment. RESULTS: Anatomical reduction was obtained in all cases. The mean period of bone-union was 13.3 weeks in 12 cases of the operation group and 16.0 weeks in 2 cases of the non-operation group. The results at the last follow-up in the operation group were better than in the non-operation group. Letenneur's type III fracture had better results in both groups. CONCLUSION: In the case of coronal fractures of the femoral condyle, open reduction and internal fixation could allow earlier knee ROM exercise and procedure better results when it was indicated.
Follow-Up Studies ; Knee ; Motor Vehicles ; Motorcycles

A retrospective analysis of 351 linear skull fractures, during the period of January 1, 1992 to December 31, 1993, reveals the following: 1) Motor-Vehicle-related accidents were responsible for most of the injuries(56%), in which pedestrians(47%) were the primary victims. 2) In 172 cases(49%), the Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) ranged from 13 to 15. Patients wth parietal fractures usually rated on a lower scale than those with fractures on other sites. 3) Occipital fractures were most common(23%), which was followed by parietal(19%), temporal(15%), frontal(15%), and multiple fractures(8%). Occipital fractures were frequently due to a pedstrian T.A. or a fall from high elevation while temporal or parietal fractures were frequently due to bicycle and motorcycle accidents. 4) The incidence of associated intracranial lesions was 70%. Patients with occipital fractures had a lower percentage of associated intracranial lesions than those with parietal fractures. Coup injuries were found in 175 cases and contre coup injuries in 106 cases. In many cases, frontal, parietal and temporal fractures were found to be coup injuries whereas with occipital fractures, contre coup injuries. 5) Sixty-one percents of the patients were assessed in Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS) grade I.
Coma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Motorcycles ; Rabeprazole ; Retrospective Studies ; Skull Fractures*

Traumatic chylothorax after blunt chest trauma alone is considered rare. Our patient was a 27-year-old female who was in a motorcycle accident and sustained blunt thoracic and traumatic thoracic aortic injuries with T1–T2 vertebral subluxation. She underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair from T4 to T9 without any thoracic or spinal surgery. On postoperative day 7, the drainage from her left chest turned into a milky-white fluid indicative of chyle leakage. The patient was treated conservatively for 2 weeks and then the chest drain was safely removed. The results show that traumatic chylothorax can be successfully managed with conservative treatment.
Adult ; Chyle ; Chylothorax* ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Motorcycles ; Thoracic Injuries ; Thorax*

Traumatic chylothorax after blunt chest trauma alone is considered rare. Our patient was a 27-year-old female who was in a motorcycle accident and sustained blunt thoracic and traumatic thoracic aortic injuries with T1–T2 vertebral subluxation. She underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair from T4 to T9 without any thoracic or spinal surgery. On postoperative day 7, the drainage from her left chest turned into a milky-white fluid indicative of chyle leakage. The patient was treated conservatively for 2 weeks and then the chest drain was safely removed. The results show that traumatic chylothorax can be successfully managed with conservative treatment.
Adult ; Chyle ; Chylothorax* ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Motorcycles ; Thoracic Injuries ; Thorax*