In the treatment of mandibular condyle fracture, conservative treatment using closed reduction or surgical treatment using open reduction can be used. Management of mandibular condylar fractures remains a source of ongoing controversy in oral and maxillofacial trauma. For each type of condylar fracture,the treatment method must be chosen taking into consideration the presence of teeth, fracture height, patient'sadaptation, patient's masticatory system, disturbance of occlusal function, and deviation of the mandible. In the past, closed reduction with concomitant active physical therapy conducted after intermaxillary fixation during the recovery period had been mainly used, but in recent years, open treatment of condylar fractures with rigid internal fixation has become more common. The objective of this review was to evaluate the main variables that determine the choice of an open or closed method for treatment of condylar fractures, identifying their indications, advantages, and disadvantages, and to appraise the current evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions that are used in the management of fractures of the mandibular condyle.
Jaw Fixation Techniques ; Mandible ; Mandibular Condyle ; Mandibular Fractures ; Motion Therapy, Continuous Passive ; Stomatognathic System ; Tooth

OBJECTIVETo ovserved the treatment of cervical vertebral instability with kinesitherapy combined with occipitomandibular traction.

METHODSFrom April 2005 to December 2008, 400 patients with cervical vertebral instability including 220 males and 180 females with an average age of 48.4 years old ranging from 34 to 72 years, were treated by the kinesitherapy combined with occipito-mandibular traction, contradict and amend muscle training 2 min everytime, 8 time a day. All patients were followed-up for 6 months (three treatment periods), the clinical symptom improvement, changes of clinical signs scoring and imaging were observed.

RESULTSAfter three treatment periods, the outcome were evaluated and the results were excellent in 210 cases, good in 126, accepted in 53, inefficacy in 11, the total effective rate was 97.3%. The total scores were (22.42 +/- 3.25) before the treatments and (9.03 +/- 1.92) after the treatments. The level replacement of intervertebral were (3.70 +/- 0.12) mm before the treatments and (2.96 +/- 0.09) mm after the treatments; The rotation angle was (12.64 +/- 0.21) degrees before the treatments and (8.90 +/- 0.17) degrees after the treatments.

CONCLUSIONThe kinesitherapy was a simple method with good effect to cure patients with cervical vertebral instability.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motion Therapy, Continuous Passive ; Spinal Diseases ; therapy ; Traction

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to administer conservative treatment in 30 patients diagnosed with idiopathic frozen shoulder, following the suggested frozen shoulder rehabilitation program and to assess the clinical outcome using a prospective study. METHODS: Thirty patients diagnosed with idiopathic frozen shoulder, treated with steroid hormone injection on the articular joint with an intra-articular steroid (triamcinolone 40 mg + lidocaine 4 ml) injection and started on stepwise shoulder extension exercise were chosen. The subjects were divided into two groups of 15 people each with one group undergoing rehabilitation with continuous passive motion (CPM) and the other group without it. Follow-ups were done before rehabilitation and at 4-week intervals with the 24th being the final week. At every follow-up, passive range of motion (ROM) was measured and surveys on pain and clinical score were administered. RESULTS: In the last follow-up, both groups showed statistically significant improvements in all evaluation criteria. However, no statistical difference in all values of the ROM and Constant score evaluation criteria was observed between the groups. Only in the last follow-up, group 1 had a visual analog scale (VAS) score of 2.4 +/- 2.1 points, which was lower, with statistical significance, than the VAS score of group 2, which was 4.4 +/- 3.1 points (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Study using CPM in treatment of frozen shoulder has been inadequate, meaning that there is still room for improvement and need for more study on setting a more specific protocol and guidelines for this procedure.
Bursitis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Lidocaine ; Motion Therapy, Continuous Passive ; Prospective Studies ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rehabilitation ; Shoulder ; Visual Analog Scale

OBJECTIVETo report the method and result of open arthrolysis of patients who suffered from severe post-traumatic elbow stiffness.

METHODSOf the 12 patients, there were 9 male and 3 female, average age of 32 years old (16 - 47 years). Primary injury included 7 simple fractures, 1 simple dislocation, 2 fracture dislocations and 2 soft tissue injury. The averaged time of immobilization after injury was 3.3 weeks (0 - 8 weeks). The averaged time between injury and open arthrolysis was 6.4 months (1 - 14 months). Before open arthrolysis, the mean arc of total motion was 33.8 degrees (0 degrees - 80 degrees ). Three patients suffered from forearm rotation deficiency. Posterior approach was used for 4 patients, medial approach for 2 patients and both medial and lateral approach for 6 patients. tissues were resected, which hindered the motion of the elbow and perform proximal radioulnar joint arthrolysis for some patients. After arthrolysis, the arc of elbow motion could reach 0 degrees - 140 degrees , and for the patients who suffered from forearm rotation deficiency, pronation 80 degrees and supination 90 degrees were gotten. Ulnar nerve transposition was not a routine. The patients began active and active-assisted elbow and forearm movement the first day after operation. Indomethacin was taken the first day after open arthrolysis routinely.

RESULTSTwelve patients were followed up for 14 - 18 months (averaged 15.8 months). At the latest follow-up, the mean arc of total motion was 120.8 degrees (100 degrees - 140 degrees ). Nine patients recovered the functional arc of 30 degrees - 130 degrees , and 10 patients extended to less than 10 degrees , and 4 patients could extend to 0 degrees . As for the 3 patients who suffered forearm rotation deficiency, the forearm rotation improved. The mean Mayo elbow performance score was 70.4 (50 - 90) before open arthrolysis, and 98.8 (85 - 100) after open arthrolysis. No patient was found to have signs of heterotopic ossification.

CONCLUSIONSFor the treatment of post-traumatic stiff elbow, with careful open arthrolysis and early active and active-assisted exercise we can get good results.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Elbow Joint ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joint Diseases ; etiology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motion Therapy, Continuous Passive ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to administer conservative treatment in 30 patients diagnosed with idiopathic frozen shoulder, following the suggested frozen shoulder rehabilitation program and to assess the clinical outcome using a prospective study. METHODS: Thirty patients diagnosed with idiopathic frozen shoulder, treated with steroid hormone injection on the articular joint with an intra-articular steroid (triamcinolone 40 mg + lidocaine 4 ml) injection and started on stepwise shoulder extension exercise were chosen. The subjects were divided into two groups of 15 people each with one group undergoing rehabilitation with continuous passive motion (CPM) and the other group without it. Follow-ups were done before rehabilitation and at 4-week intervals with the 24th being the final week. At every follow-up, passive range of motion (ROM) was measured and surveys on pain and clinical score were administered. RESULTS: In the last follow-up, both groups showed statistically significant improvements in all evaluation criteria. However, no statistical difference in all values of the ROM and Constant score evaluation criteria was observed between the groups. Only in the last follow-up, group 1 had a visual analog scale (VAS) score of 2.4 +/- 2.1 points, which was lower, with statistical significance, than the VAS score of group 2, which was 4.4 +/- 3.1 points (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Study using CPM in treatment of frozen shoulder has been inadequate, meaning that there is still room for improvement and need for more study on setting a more specific protocol and guidelines for this procedure.
Bursitis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Lidocaine ; Motion Therapy, Continuous Passive ; Prospective Studies ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rehabilitation ; Shoulder ; Visual Analog Scale

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of continuous passive motion on the tendon-bone healing of the semi-tendinous tendon autograft used for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in rabbits.

METHODSIn 12 healthy 8-month-old male rabbits, an ACL reconstruction was performed by using double semi-tendinous tendon autograft. Postoperatively these animals were treated by either continuous passive motion (CPM) or cage activity. Specimens of the grafts were collected at 6, 12, 24 weeks postoperatively. Histological change in the tendon-bone healing was studied by haematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue.

RESULTSThere was more new fiber tissue in the anterior half of the interface. Osteoclasts were most numerous at the tunnel aperture and in the anterior half of the interface. Cartilage in the tendon-bone interface was localized to the posterior aspect of tunnels, the area where compressive stress would be predicted. CPM group developed a denser connective tissue with less vascularity and cellularity. The bone tunnel had more areas with ingrowing denser connective tissue compared with cage activity specimens. With the growth of Sharpery's fibers and fibrocartilage into the interface, a direct ligament insertion was found. In the CPM specimens, the interface tissue was more mature and the direct insertion was broader and more structured.

CONCLUSIONSCompressive stress promotes chondroid formation, and the tension promotes fiber formation. Tendon-bone healing may be optimized by CPM after tendon transplantation into a bone tunnel.

Animals ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Femur ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Motion Therapy, Continuous Passive ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Tendons ; pathology ; transplantation ; Tibia ; pathology ; surgery ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Wound Healing

We have developed a new rotating bed for the old and the paralised people. This rotating bed is composed of two bed heads at front and at end, bed boards, guardrails, an electric motor, a reducer, an induction locator and a set of electronic controls. With the preestablished program, the angle between the left/right bed board and the middle board is changed by rotating the left/right board around the rotation axis, and the gravity direction between the human body and the ground is changed by the rotation of the middle board as a whole, so that the middle bed board and the left and right ones will act respectively as supporters of weight of the person who is lying on his back or on his side. In this way, a person can turn over automatically, comfortably and naturally when he/she is asleep. This rotating bed meets the physiological needs of a sleeping person, and people with turning over problems can turn over in a comfortable and natural way by means of biotechnology. It can also improve the quality of sleep and help avoid decubitus. In addition, it can be used to promote the rehabilitation of those who are paralysed by reason of its passive exercising function.
Automation ; Bed Rest ; adverse effects ; nursing ; Beds ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Motion Therapy, Continuous Passive ; economics ; instrumentation ; Pressure Ulcer ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Rotation