During natural viewing, we often recognize multiple objects, detect their motion, and select one object as the target to track. It remains to be determined how such behavior is guided by the integration of visual form and motion perception. To address this, we studied how monkeys made a choice to track moving targets with different forms by smooth pursuit eye movements in a two-target task. We found that pursuit responses were biased toward the motion direction of a target with a hole. By computing the relative weighting, we found that the target with a hole exhibited a larger weight for vector computation. The global hole feature dominated other form properties. This dominance failed to account for changes in pursuit responses to a target with different forms moving singly. These findings suggest that the integration of visual form and motion perception can reshape the competition in sensorimotor networks to guide behavioral selection.
Animals ; Pursuit, Smooth ; Macaca mulatta ; Motion Perception/physiology* ; Photic Stimulation

By means of continuous visual stimulation to simulate the motion-in-depth course where object was approaching to observer gradually, we studied the event-related potentials (ERP) response in that course. This article was directed to the effect of object size factor on the ERP of motion-in-depth perception. The subjects recruited were 9 health men, aged 22-29 years. The results illustrated that, in motion-in-depth course, the main components were P80, N100, P140, N220, P300, N350, and P400. They mainly appeared in the frontal area, occipital area and occipital-parietal area; some of them showed near by the parietal-temporal or occipital-temporal area. Among these components, N220 was most closely related to the perception of motion-in-depth. From the data analysis in 500 ms, bigger object led to earlier and stronger response.
Adult ; Cognition ; physiology ; Depth Perception ; physiology ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Motion Perception ; physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; methods ; Young Adult

Accurate self-motion perception, which is critical for organisms to survive, is a process involving multiple sensory cues. The two most powerful cues are visual (optic flow) and vestibular (inertial motion). Psychophysical studies have indicated that humans and nonhuman primates integrate the two cues to improve the estimation of self-motion direction, often in a statistically Bayesian-optimal way. In the last decade, single-unit recordings in awake, behaving animals have provided valuable neurophysiological data with a high spatial and temporal resolution, giving insight into possible neural mechanisms underlying multisensory self-motion perception. Here, we review these findings, along with new evidence from the most recent studies focusing on the temporal dynamics of signals in different modalities. We show that, in light of new data, conventional thoughts about the cortical mechanisms underlying visuo-vestibular integration for linear self-motion are challenged. We propose that different temporal component signals may mediate different functions, a possibility that requires future studies.
Animals ; Humans ; Motion Perception/physiology* ; Bayes Theorem ; Optic Flow ; Cues ; Vestibule, Labyrinth/physiology* ; Photic Stimulation ; Visual Perception/physiology*

Changes of functional connectivity network of human V5 in different brain activity was investigated by combining spatial independent component analysis with temporal correlation. First, V5 was localized by performing spatial independent component analysis on the data from block design visual motion runs; then low frequency correlations between V5 and other regions were computed in two steady states (resting state and the state with continuous visual motion stimulus) to detect the functional connectivity networks. The results of experiment indicated: The functional connectivity network of V5 was more extensive and was consistent with the known anatomical connectivity during rest; when subjects were viewing motion, the network was limited in the visual cortex, suggesting that V5 was acting in concert with a network specific to the visual motion processing task.
Adult ; Algorithms ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Motion Perception ; physiology ; Nerve Net ; anatomy & histology ; physiology ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Visual Cortex ; physiology