PURPOSE: This study was conducted to explore the experience of unwed mothers, to describe the structure of the understanding of this experience for mothers and to explore nursing interventions for this situation. METHODS: The subjects were 4 unwed mothers. The data was collected by in-depth interviews and participant observations from February 2004 to June 2004. Each person was interviewed 4-5times, taking about one and a half hours for each session. Data was analyzed by the phenomenological method suggested by Giorgi. RESULT: The understanding of the experience of unwed mothers resulted in "lightness of sexual cognition", "knowledge deficit of pregnancy", "suffering form pregnancy", "ambivalence of the situation", "appearance of mothering", "worrying about society's view". CONCLUSION: Sex education programs, a one-round, formal lecture-type education is presently dominant, so that education and training programs can be systematized at school and home. The difficult point for unwed mothers to endure is that society doesn't accept them; therefore, we have to change our point of view, and try to work out the problems.
Education ; Humans ; Illegitimacy ; Mothers* ; Nursing ; Sex Education

Subjects of study were on households with mothers having children under 5 years old at Quang Cat commune, Quang Xuong district and Xuan Lai commune, Tho Xuan district; health stations, health workers and other boards and organizations of two communes. General knowlegde on "health medicine" of mothers were under the national standards on health communes. Intervention activities by health education propaganda at two communes has attained well results that proved by improving realization and strengthening good behaviour for health before and after intervention.
Propaganda ; Health Education ; Mothers ; Child

This study compared the Center for Children's Foodservice Management in 2012, 2014, and 2016 using big data and opinion mining. The data on the Center for Children's Foodservice Management were collected from the portal site, Naver, from January 1 to December 31 in 2012, 2014, & 2016 and analyzed by keyword frequency analysis, influx route analysis of data, polarity analysis via opinion mining, and positive and negative keyword analysis by polarity analysis. The results showed that nursery had the highest rank every year and education supported by Center for Children's Foodservice Management has increased significantly. The influx of data has increased through the influx route analysis of data. Blog and cafée, which have a considerable amount of information by the mother should be helpful for use as public relations and participation recruitment paths. By polarity analysis using opinion mining, the positive image of the Center for Children's Foodservice Management was increased. Therefore, the Center for Children's Foodservice Management was well-suited to the purpose and the interests of the people has been increasing steadily. In the near future, the Center for Children's Foodservice Management is expected have good recognition if various programs to participate with family are developed and advertised.
Education ; Humans ; Mining* ; Mothers ; Nurseries ; Public Relations

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of smartphones to address parents' educational needs. METHODS: The participants were parents of children under 18 years old, Participants were 347 parents (222 mothers, 125 fathers). Data were collected from August, 15 to September, 2, 2016 using self-report questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA with the SPSS WIN 21.0 program. RESULTS: Parents had an average score of 3.30 (±.41) for the need to have smartphone health education. Among the educational subcategories, 'child and family' showed the highest average for educational needs (3.40, ±.57). According to the demographic characteristics of the participants, there were significant difference in parents' age (t=4.354, p=.014), and parents' who have received health education versus parents who have not (t=2.483, p=.014). CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that the smartphone may be an effective educational method for parents.
Child ; Health Education* ; Humans ; Methods ; Mothers ; Parents* ; Smartphone

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of breastfeeding education experience on knowledge, control beliefs, and future intention toward breastfeeding to consider the needs of breastfeeding education program of university students. The breastfeeding knowledge, control beliefs and related habits of 445 male and female college students were evaluated between September 1, 2011 to April 30, 2012. Data were collected from self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS for Window V.17.0. chi2-test, t-test and ANOVA were used for the calculation of differences between groups. The percentage of students who intended to breastfeed their baby was 80.7% (male: 73.6%, female: 84.2%). Only 21.6% of students experienced breastfeeding education. Students planned to get information related to breastfeeding from their mothers (32.4%), breastfeeding experts (23.8%) and Medical doctors & nurses (10.6%). breastfeeding education group showed higher knowledge level (14.46 vs 10.56) and control beliefs (3.48 vs 3.16) to breastfeeding than non-education group (p < 0.001). General attitude toward breastfeeding was similar between groups; the specific intention to breastfeed for 6 months was higher in the education group (83.3% vs 58.2%) (p < 0.01). Percentage of students who gave correct answers to knowledge questions related to breastfeeding was also higher in the breastfeeding education group than non-education group (72.3% vs 52.8%). Among 20 questions, only 2 questions showed no significant differences between the groups. These findings suggested that breastfeeding education was effective in encouraging or improving breastfeeding practices.
Breast Feeding* ; Education* ; Female ; Humans ; Intention ; Male ; Mothers ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The purpose of this study were to find out the practical way to enlarged child-raising knowledge and to enhance their satisfaction with out-patient care by evaluating how effectively the education is done by nurses for mothers with ill-child and how their satisfaction with out-patient care changed. This study was designed as a Nonequivalent Control Group study. The subjects studied were consisted of the experimental and control group. Each consisted of 50 mothers with ill-child in pediatric department at one university hospital in Seoul. The period of this study is from May 20, 1996 to June 28, 1996. The first data were collected fro both of experimental and control groups in which mothers with ill-child come to the hospital for the first time. After this being done, the experimental group had been educated by the planned program and then the second data were collected from them. On the contrary, as for the control group, there had been no education and the second data were collected on the same method. The data analysis was done by SPSS program. The results of this study are as follow, 1. The child-raising knowledge level of mothers with education was higher than that of with no education.(t=18.84, df=49, p=0.000) 2. The satisfaction with out-patient care level of mothers with education was higher than that of no education.(t=10.51, df=49, p=0.000) Based on these results, I suggest as follow, 1. The research on the patients and their family should be made not only in pediatric department, but in every out-patient department. 2. For more effective education, it is required for all out-patient nurses to research the education demand of patients and their family. 3. To increase the effect of education, there must be the consultation room in out-patient department. 4. The meetings with the mothers with ill-child of the same illness have to be established and periodical education must be executed. 5. Audio-visual education programs like video tapes are needed to make use of waiting time for the medical treatment. 6. On-line consulting program are needed.
Education ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Outpatients* ; Seoul ; Statistics as Topic ; Child Health

The purpose of this study was to develop and apply the dietary education program for prescehoolers to improve their vegetable intakes. In this study, 134 mothers of preschoolers were surveyed about the problem of unbalanced food habits in children. A nutrition education program was developed based on the survey results, and then applied in the field to evaluate the effects of nutrition education. Most preschoolers (79.9%) had a relatively low intake of vegetables. The main reason for their unbalanced eating of vegetables was due to texture (34.6%) and taste (30.8%). The activity-based nutrition education program to increase vegetable intake consisted of four lessons. After the nutrition education program was administered for 43 preschoolers, their nutrition knowledge score significantly increased (P<0.001). Preschoolers found the lessons fun (90.9%) and interesting (81.4%), and said they would eat more vegetables in the future (88.4%). This study demonstrates that the unbalanced diet of preschoolers could be modified through the proper introduction of an education program.
Child ; Diet ; Eating ; Education* ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Mothers ; Vegetables*

The purpose of this study was to understand and analyze the subjective structure of attitude, opinion of infant and todder's mother, regarding the massage intervention in order to yield fundamental data for the activation scheme of the massage intervention. This research was based on a Q-Methodological approach. According to the results of this study, there were four categories of mothers' opinion about the massage intervention. The first type accepts the wholistic effect of massage intervention very positively that it improves infant's health in various aspects: prevention of diseases, promotion of the growth, settlement of sentiments, etc. The second type describes the effect of the intervention in the emotional aspect, such that the intimacy plays a very significant role in the intervention. The third type explains the complementary effect of the intervention that it eases symptoms rather than actually cures diseases. The fourth type emphasizes the healing effect of the intervention that it is required to go through professional training to utilize the effect. For example, a Kyongrak massage is very effective for curing diseases. In consideration of various types of massage intervention, it is very necessary to have a specialty for the massage intervention and develop unique mothers education programs depending upon different applications of the massage intervention in order to reorganize and activate the massage intervention as a nursing intervention for infant and toddlers.
Education ; Humans ; Infant* ; Massage* ; Mothers* ; Nursing ; Child Health

This study was carried out to investigate the future plan for infant feeding practice and its associated factors among university students so as to develop focus for nutritional education program for the promotion of breastfeeding. The subjects were 301 students (males 130, females 171). The results obtained were as follows. In this survey, the subjects had a basic knowledge of breastfeeding and lactation, especially of the ingredient of breastmilk. However they were not well informed about the physiology and method of breastfeeding and benefits of breastfeeding for mothers. The average scores for attitude toward breastfeeding and lactation were 3.09 points on a 4 point scale, which indicated a slightly positive attitudes toward breastfeeding. However the participants had a negative attitude toward its emotional and practical aspects. Their future plan for infant feeding was breastfeeding 40.3%, formula feeding 3.0% and mixed feeding 56.7%. A concern was that the students showed a high rate with regard to a mixed feeding plan, and they decided this based on an incorrect knowledge of breastfeeding. The group who planned to breastfeed in the future (BF) showed higher scores with respect to knowledge and attitudes than those who planned to formula feed or mixed feed (FF + MF). Therefore, to encourage mothers to breastfeed and support breastfeeding, breastfeeding nutritional education is urgently needed among university students. In addition, nutrition education programs should promote the benefits of breastfeeding for mothers and the physiology and practical method of breastfeeding. Also a practical and culturally sensitive course about food and nutrition is recommended to inform participants about breastfeeding.
Breast Feeding ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Infant* ; Lactation ; Mothers ; Physiology

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics and the related factors of attachment-oriented caretaking behavior in mothers who are breast-feeding their infants. METHOD: The subjects were 155 mothers who participated in a healthy breast-feeding contest in the Busan area. The data were collected from September 24, 2003, and were analyzed using SPSS WIN 10.0. RESULTS: The mothers were highly affirmative in their attachment-oriented caretaking behaviors (total mean 2.59+/-.502 of a possible score of 3). Among the attachment-oriented caretaking behaviors (10 items), the scores for 6 items were higher than the average score and 4 items were lower than the average score. There were significant differences in the attachment-oriented caretaking behaviors according to level of education (p<0.05), and planned duration of breast-feeding (p<0.001). Mothers with university education who planned to breast-feed as long as the baby wanted had higher scores. CONCLUSIONS: The above results suggest that nursing interventions which are individualized and practical are needed to encourage the attachment-oriented caretaking behaviors essential to breast-feeding mothers.
Breast Feeding ; Busan ; Education ; Humans ; Infant* ; Mothers* ; Nursing ; Child Health