[Purpose] We investigated the effects of fireless moxibustion using the Medical Outcome Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36^®).
[Methods] The subjects were 27 elderly people living at home, from whom informed consent was obtained (age: 66 to 94 years). They were randomly divided into two groups using the envelope method. Eleven were in the fireless moxibustion group (FMG), and 16 were in the sham fireless moxibustion group (SFMG). For measurement, no treatment was performed for seven days (Cont.), home fireless moxibustion was performed for seven days (St.), and no treatment was performed for seven days after fireless moxibustion (Af.). During the study period, we conducted a survey using SF-36^®. Stimulation was performed every two days during the St. period (total: 4 times). The left/right BL23 and ST36 areas were stimulated. We used fireless moxibustion (Sennenkyu Taiyo(r), Senefa Co., Ltd.). Generalized linear two-way variance analysis and Fisher's (LSD) multiple comparison test were carried out. P<0.05 was regarded as significant.
[Results] There was alternative action in the bodily pain item. In a comparison of the two groups, FMG tended to show improved “bodily pain” (p<0.10) and at the Af. period “bodily pain” was reduced as compared with the Cont. period (p<0.05). FMG indicated the tendency to improve “bodily pain” in the Af. period (82.9 (3.7 points) than in the Cont. period (78.4 (4.4 points) (p<0.09). In SFMG, there was no significant change.
In Question 8, as a bodily pain factor, routine working pain, which had persisted over the past week, mitigated after 1 week of fireless moxibustion (Af.).
[Conclusion] Fireless moxibustion reduced “bodily pain”, and scores of “general health perceptions” increased, while in sham fireless moxibustion at home scores of “Role physical” decreased significantly. From the results, fireless moxibustion at home raised the health related QOL. Fireless moxibustion may be useful for “bodily pain”.

[Purpose]To investigate the present use of medical expenses for acupuncture and moxibustion, and judo and massage therapies under the health insurance system in contracted nursing care plans prepared by nursing care managers.
[Methods]The subjects were 75 nursing care service providers who were registered in a certain municipally (B City) with an aging index of 27.7%. We investigated the experience and use of medical expenses for acupuncture and moxibustion therapy through a mail survey. The survey period was from July 10 to July 31 in 2006. The collection rate was 57.3%(43out of 75 nursing care service providers). We used simple adding, the Kruskal-Wallis test, factor analysis (principal factor method) and path analysis.
[Results]In simple adding, there were 3,535 total care receivers, 11.5%of the total aged population in B City. Users who took acupuncture and moxibustion therapy were 2.5%of the total care receivers in nursing care plans. However, 10 people could not take acupuncture and moxibustion therapy due to their economic conditions. Nine out of 41 nursing care service providers (22.0%) had users who could not take acupuncture and moxibustion therapy because their healthcare facilities would not sign the written informed consent. In factor analysis (principal factor analysis), "experience and recognition of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy using medical expenses"was extracted as the first principal component. In pass analysis, it can be explained that nursing care managers who planned acupuncture and moxibustion therapy using medical expenses had recognized that the therapy would maintain the capabilities for activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QOL) of the users.
[Conclusion]When nursing care managers planned acupuncture and moxibustion therapy for maintenance of ADL and QOL in their care services using medical expenses, they were considered to have recognized that the therapy would keep the users'ADL and QOL.

We examined effect of acupuncture anethesia for urological cancer pain.
Subjects were 32 patients (30 men and 2 women) aged from 21 to 84 (mean 59.9 years old).
The method used in the treatment of these patients was 1Hz low frequency stimulation for 20 to 30 minutes.
The following results were obtained:
1) The treatment had not an effect on neuroparalytic patients with bone metastasis who were observed cancerous cachexia.
2) The treatment often had an effect on non-neuroparalytic patients with bone metastasis. The patients had a slight symptom.
3) The treatment rarely had an effect on a numbness of lower extremities that was caused by peripheral nerve's injury.
The numbness was sometimes aggravated by some electric treatments using TNS.

Techniques for acupuncture and moxibustion can be expressed by three factors: when, and how to stimulate. This paper offers a clear scientific explanation “how” or the Acupuncture techniques of tonification and sedation that have been passed down.
Primary nervous responses to acupuncture can be classified into two specific types: restraining of the functions of the sympathetic nervous system's β-receptor system and accelerating the functions of the parasympathetic nervous system.
Respiratory rhythm is closely related to the functions of the parasympathetic nervous system. Changes in the functions of the autonomic nervous system due to changes in posture are related to the sympathetic nervous system.
Stimuli to the skin or subcutaneous tissue can induce responses using the parasympathetic nervous system as a centrifugal path, while stimuli to the fascia or muscles can induce responses using the sympathetic nervous system in the same way. It was discovered that to effectively obtain such responses, the parasympathetic nervous system should be stimulated shallowly while the patient is sitting and expiring, whereas the sympathetic nervous system should be stimulated deeply while the patient is supine.

We investigated the actual condition of patients treated by acupuncture and moxibution in Ibaraki Prefecture.
Subjects were 1823 patients (846 men, 977 women) under the treatment of 14 acupunctue clinics in September to November, 1985.
We prepared the evaluated list that consisted of 11 levels of activities of daily life and 8 degrees of pain.
In every treatment, we wrote down the patients' clinical progress in relation with the list.
The information on the patients undergoing treatment in acupuncture was compared with the date of the National Health Survey, 1984 on patients with bone and muscle diseases.
The following results were obtained.
1. Most of the acupuncture patients were in the mid 30s to the mid 60s, and their age was lower than the patients under National Health Survey.
2. There were more acupuncture patients who received only one treatment compared with the National Health Survey treatment.
3. The chief complaints of acupuncture patients were low back pains (509 patients), shoulder discomfort (273), knee joint pain (132), etc.
4. Most of the acupuncture patients could go with their daily lives in spite of the pains.
5. The effects of acupuncture treatment were rated as follows: better 69.5%, no change 23.9%, worse 5.9%

The effect of acupuncture stimulation on human cardiac functions was studied by radionuclide ventriculography (RV). Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were continuously observed in nine healthy men (from 20 to 38 years old; average 26.6±5.8 years old) using a polygraph system (RM-6000, Nihon Kohden Co., Ltd.). Indocyanine green and radioactive isotope (^99mTcO₄) were simultaneously injected into these subjects from the cubital vein while they were in a supine position. Images were then acquired and cardiac output (CO) was measured. Before and during the acupuncture stimulation, RV data in synchronization with the R wave of the electrocardiogram were collected within a short time and cardiac functions were measured by data processing with a computer connected to a gamma camera (ZLC-7500, Siemens Co., Ltd.). Acupuncture stimulation using a stainless steel needle was applied by the tapping method to the right Ximén Point (the center of the anterior surface of the forearm).
All nine subjects showed a decrease (65.3±7.1% v. s. 57.5±4.8%, P<0.001) in left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and diffused reduction of the left cardiac wall motion during acupuncture stimulation, suggesting cardiac hypofunction during the stimulation.