PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the critical thinking disposition and self-esteem of psychiatric nurses and to identify factors that influence critical thinking disposition. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was used in this study. The participants for this study were 158 psychiatric nurses from D city & C province. The instruments were the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI) and Self-Esteem Scale (SES). The collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 11.5 program. RESULTS: The mean scores for critical thinking disposition and self-esteem were 186.4+/-13.96 and 30.5+/-3.95 respectively. A significant positive correlation between critical thinking disposition and self-esteem was found (r=.33, p<.001). In regression analysis, types of certification, education, work place and self-esteem explained 57% of the variance in critical thinking disposition for these nurses. CONCLUSION: Participants who had higher levels of critical thinking disposition tend to exhibit a positive self-concept. It is necessary to provide interventions program to improve the critical thinking disposition and self-concept of psychiatric nurses.
California ; Certification ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Education ; Mental Health* ; Self Concept ; Thinking* ; Workplace

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of digital health interventions on the psychotic symptoms among people with severe mental illness in the community. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Intervention Research Systematic Review Manual and PRISMA. A literature search was conducted of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for digital health interventions from January 2022 to April 2022. RevMan software 5.3 was used for quality assessment and meta-analysis. Results: A total 14 studies out of 9,864 studies were included in the review, and 13 were included in meta-analysis. The overall effect size of digital health interventions on psychotic symptoms was - 0.21 (95% CI = - 0.32 to - 0.10). Sub-analysis showed that the reduction of the psychotic symptoms was effective in the schizophrenia spectrum group (SMD = - 0.22; 95% CI = - 0.36 to - 0.09), web (SMD = - 0.41; 95% CI = - 0.82 to 0.01), virtual reality (SMD = - 0.33; 95% CI = - 0.56 to - 0.10), mobile (SMD = - 0.15; 95% CI = - 0.28 to - 0.03), intervention period of less than 3 months (SMD = - 0.23; 95% CI = - 0.35 to - 0.11), and non-treatment group (SMD = - 0.23; 95% CI = - 0.36 to - 0.11). Conclusion These findings suggest that digital health interventions alleviate psychotic symptoms in patients with severe mental illnesses. However, well-designed digital health studies should be conducted in the future.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore status of activity of daily living, interpersonal relationship, depression and health-related quality of life in patients with traumatic hand injury and identify factors that influence health-related quality of life. METHODS: The participants were 104 outpatients with impending hand microsurgery from D city. The data were analyed using Pearson's correlation, t-test, ANOVA, and hierarchical regression with SPSS/WIN 12.0. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in HRQoL to gender, age, marital state, and level of pain. HRQoL had significant correlations with ADL, IADL, relationship change, and depression. In regression analysis, depression, marital state, ADL, and level of pain explained 48% of the HRQoL. CONCLUSION: Findings of this study allow a comprehensive understanding of patients with traumatic hand injury. It is necessary to develop nursing intervention program for improving the health-related quality of life in patients with traumatic hand injury by considering psychological care for depression as well as physical care.
Activities of Daily Living ; Depression ; Hand ; Hand Injuries ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Microsurgery ; Outpatients ; Quality of Life

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore professional autonomy, nursing work environment, and clinical decision making ability and to determine predictors of clinical decision making ability among clinical nurses. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used in this study and 263 clinical nurses were selected from advanced-level hospitals with over 500 beds located in D metropolitan city. Independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were done with the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. RESULTS: Clinical nurses reported moderate levels of professional autonomy, nursing work environment and clinical decision making ability. Marital status, professional autonomy and nursing work environment accounted for 25% of variance in clinical decision making ability required in various clinical settings. Importantly, being married, higher level of professional autonomy, and greater satisfaction with work environment were significantly associated with better decision making ability. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that improving the quality of decision making in the healthcare settings requires awareness of the multiple effects of individual, occupational and environmental features. Nurses' ability to make effective clinical decisions may rely on personal characteristics, the degree of autonomy in their job, and nurses' satisfaction with their work environment.
Decision Making* ; Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Nursing* ; Professional Autonomy*

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of group music therapy on brain waves, behavior, and cognitive function among patients with chronic schizophrenia. METHODS: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was used with nonequivalent control group. The potential participants were recruited from inpatients in a psychiatric facility in a metropolitan city, assigned either to the experimental group (n = 28) or to the control group (n = 27) according to their wards to avoid treatment contamination. The experimental group participated in the group music therapy for 13 sessions over 7 weeks while continuing their standard treatment. The control group only received a standard treatment provided in the hospitals. The outcome measures include brain wave by electroencephalography, behavior by Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation, and cognitive function by Mini-Mental State Examination. RESULTS: After participating in 13 sessions of the group music therapy, alpha waves measured from eight different sites were consistently present for the experimental group (p = .006e.045) than the control group, revealing that the participants in the music therapy may have experienced more joyful emotions throughout the sessions. The experimental group also showed improved cognitive function (F = 13.46, p = .001) and positive behavior (social competence, social interest & personal neatness) while their negative behaviors was significantly less than those of the control group (F = 24.04, p < .001). CONCLUSION: The group music therapy used in this study was an effective intervention for improving emotional relaxation, cognitive processing abilities along with positive behavioral changes in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Our results can be useful for establishing intervention strategies toward psychiatric rehabilitation for those who suffer from chronic mental illnesses.
Brain Waves* ; Brain* ; Cognition ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Mental Competency ; Music Therapy* ; Music* ; Nursing ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Rehabilitation ; Relaxation ; Schizophrenia*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Communication Behavior Scale for nurses caring for people with Dementia (CBS-D). METHODS: Based on communication accommodation theory, the initial items were generated through a literature review and interviews with 20 experts. Content and face validity of the initial items were assessed. Data from 486 nurses caring for people with dementia were analyzed using item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, criterion-related validity, and internal consistency. RESULTS: The final scale consisted of 18 items and four factors (discourse response management, interpersonal control, emotional expression, and interpretability) that explained 57.6% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the theoretical model with 18 items satisfied all goodness-of-fit parameters. Criterion-related validity was shown by the Global Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale (r=.506, p < .001). Cronbach's alpha for the total scale was .88. CONCLUSION The CBS-D can be used to measure the communication behavior of nurses caring for people with dementia.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to identify the influencing factors for job satisfaction among forensic psychiatric nurses.
Methods: A descriptive correlational study design was used. Participants were 90 forensic psychiatric nurses from a national forensic psychiatric institution. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS statistics 23.0 program.
Results: Significant influencing factors for job satisfaction were administration (β=-.29, p<.001), role conflict as a profession (β=-.32, p=.004), conflict with the supervisor (β=-.34, p=.002), and psychological burnout (β=-.33, p=.004). These factors explained 57.0% of job satisfaction.
Conclusion These findings indicate that strategies to reduce job stress and burnout should be developed to improve job satisfaction among forensic psychiatric nurses.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of health literacy and insight on medication adherence in mental illness.
Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational study design was used. Participants were 135 adults diagnosed with mental disorders and living in D city. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS 26.0.
Results: On multiple regression analysis, clinical insight (β=.32, p<.001) and reading response (β=.23, p=008) were statistically significant factors for medication adherence and showed a total explanatory power of 20%.
Conclusion In order to enhance medication adherence, strategies and programs are needed to improve the insight and health literacy among patients with severe mental illness.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to identify the influencing factors for job satisfaction among forensic psychiatric nurses.
Methods: A descriptive correlational study design was used. Participants were 90 forensic psychiatric nurses from a national forensic psychiatric institution. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS statistics 23.0 program.
Results: Significant influencing factors for job satisfaction were administration (β=-.29, p<.001), role conflict as a profession (β=-.32, p=.004), conflict with the supervisor (β=-.34, p=.002), and psychological burnout (β=-.33, p=.004). These factors explained 57.0% of job satisfaction.
Conclusion These findings indicate that strategies to reduce job stress and burnout should be developed to improve job satisfaction among forensic psychiatric nurses.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of health literacy and insight on medication adherence in mental illness.
Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational study design was used. Participants were 135 adults diagnosed with mental disorders and living in D city. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS 26.0.
Results: On multiple regression analysis, clinical insight (β=.32, p<.001) and reading response (β=.23, p=008) were statistically significant factors for medication adherence and showed a total explanatory power of 20%.
Conclusion In order to enhance medication adherence, strategies and programs are needed to improve the insight and health literacy among patients with severe mental illness.