OBJETIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome the GnRH antagonist (Cetrotide) short protocol in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation comparing with GnRH agonist long protocol. MATERIALS AND METHOD: From July 2000 to November 2001, 26 patients, 28 cycles were performed in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation by GnRH antagonist and GnRH agonist. GnRH antagonist (Cetrotide) was administered in 12 patients (14 cycles, Group 1) and GnRH agonist (Lucrin, Sub Q, Group 2) in 14 patients (14 cycles). Ovulation induction was performed by hMG (Pergonal) in group 1, and by Combo (Metrodine HP + Pergonal) in group 2. We compared the fertilization rate, good quality embryo, and clinical pregnancy rate between the two groups. Student-t test and Chi-square were used to determine statistical significance. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. RESULTS: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome did not occurred in which estradiol (E2) level was 3874+/-809 pg/ml and the number of retrieved oocytes was 18.4+/-2.4. The number of used gonadotropin ampules was significantly decreased in Group 1 (26.0 vs. 33.1, p<0.04). There were no significant difference in the number of preovulatory oocyte (10.6+/-6.9 vs. 10.0+/-6.1), fertilization rate (74.8+/-23.4 vs. 72.2+/-21.8), good quality embryo (58.7+/-23.6 vs. 38.7+/-36.6), and embryo transfer (4.3+/-1.6 vs. 4.4+/-1.6). Although the age of the group 1 was older than the group 2 (34.4 vs. 30.8), there was no significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate (50.0% vs. 57.1%). CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that GnRH antagonist was a safe, effective, and alternative method in the controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, especially in PCOD patients who will be develop the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.
Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Structures ; Estradiol ; Female ; Fertilization ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone* ; Gonadotropins ; Humans ; Oocytes ; Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome ; Ovulation Induction ; Pregnancy Rate

To elucidate the effect of copper on the 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene(3'-MeDAB) induced hepatic carcinogenesis, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups according to 3'-MeDAB and copper administration: I. noraml control, II. copper only, III. 3'-MeDAB only, IV. 3'-MeDAB plus copper. The animals of groups III and IV were fed experimental diet containing 0.06% 3'-MeDAB. Copper was administrated intraperitoneally in a dose of 0.5 mg, twice a weak. Animals were sacrificed at different intervals. Liver weight, hepatic copper content and gross and microscopical changes of the liver were examined and the cell kinetics of various lesions in the hepatic carcinogenesis was studied by applying the immunohistochemical method for bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU). The hepatic copper content was significantly increased in animals given copper but returned to the normal value after cessation of adminstration. 3'-MeDAB administration caused oval cell proliferation and produced hyperplastic nodules, cholangiofibrosis and carcinoma of the liver. Simultaneous administration of copper did not alter the incidence of 3'-MeDAB induced lesions, except for carcinoma. The liver weight and the size of hepatic nodules and masses were smaller in group IV than in group III. The liver weight as well as the nodularity and the mass formation continued to increase affect cessation of 3'-MeDAB administration. Copper did not affect the BrdU labelling indices of the hepatic lesions induced by 3'-MeDAB. The oval cell proliferation and the BrdU labelling indices of the oval cell and the hyperplastic nodule were decreased, but the incidence of cholangiofibrosis and its BrdU labelling index were still elevated after cessation of 3'MeDAB administration. These findings indicate that copper could delay the developement of 3'-MeDAB induced hepatic lesions, but not suppress, since copper does not stay long enough to accumulate in the rat liver, and that copper could not affect the proliferation of 3'-MeDAB induced hepatic lesions once developed.
Rats ; Animals ; Incidence

Two cases of carcinoid tumor of the uterine cervix were reported with emphasis on the histologic, cytologic, histochemical and electron microscopic appearance of tumor cells. Based on the light microscopic findings, one case was a well differentiated carcinoid with acinus formation, and the other was a poorly differentiated anaplastic type, being composed of small cells similar to those of oat cell carcinoma of the lung. Both tumors demonstrated scattered argyrophilic cells on Grimelius stain, and contained neurosecretory granules on electron microscopy. They were in stages II b and IV, respectively, at the time of presentation. The latter patient was treated with vinblastin, platinol and bleomycin, but died in 9 months after the initial diagnosis. The former was lost to follow-up study. Importance of distinction between this highly malignant tumor and other varieties of cervical cancer was emphasized.
Follow-Up Studies

Ischemic stroke is a serious neurological complication of infective endocarditis. Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), which has only been approved for treatment of hyperacute stroke, has been excluded as an ischemic stroke treatment due to infective endocarditis according to current expert consensus guidelines. Here, we describe a case of a hyperacute stroke patient treated with intravenous t-PA, who was later diagnosed with infective endocarditis.

No abstract available.
Dislocations ; Spine

Letterer-Siwe disease occurred in a 3 year 7 month old male child showing severe emaciation, hepatosplenomegaly, otitis media, hemorrhagic and impetiginous crusted patches on the body, and seborrheic dermatitis like skin rashes in the scalp. Also showed are severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, bronchopneumonia and multiple bony defects in skull. The child expired in a month after admission.
Anemia ; Bronchopneumonia ; Child ; Dermatitis, Seborrheic ; Emaciation ; Exanthema ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell* ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Otitis Media ; Scalp ; Skull ; Thrombocytopenia

There has been several reports that tissue plasminogen activator(tPA) accelerated the fibrinolysis in vitreous cavity in-vivo. We investigated the efficacy of intravitreal tPA injection(25 microgram/100 microgram, 0.1 ml) for treatment of vitreous hemorrhage in non-vitrectomized patients(58 patients, 61 eyes). 1. Visual acuity was improved in 43 eyes(70.5%) and fundus was relatively well seen in 29 eyes(47.5%). 2. There were no clinical differences of intraocular pressure between before injection and the day after injection of tPA. 3, The complication of tPA injection were rebleeding(3 eyes, 4.9%) and inflammatory reaction(1 eyes, 1.6%). On these results, it appears that intravitreal tPA injection is useful for treatment of vitreous hemorrhage before vitrectomy.
Fibrinolysis ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Plasminogen ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator* ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Hemorrhage*

The radiologic and clinical findings of foreign bodies in the chest of children are well recognized. Foreign bodies in adults are infrequent, however, and the radiologic findings of these unusual circumstances have rarely been described. We classified various thoracic foreign bodies into three types according to their cause: Type I, Aspiration, Type II, Trauma or Accident; Type III, Iatrogenic. This pictorial essay will illustrate the radiologic findings and consequences of thoracic foreign bodies in adults, which have rarely been described in the radiologic literature. The clinical significance of thoracic foreign bodies will be also be discussed.
Accidents ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aspiration ; Esophagus/radiography ; Female ; Foreign Bodies/*etiology/*radiography ; Heart/radiography ; Human ; Iatrogenic Disease ; Male ; Middle Age ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; *Thorax ; Wounds and Injuries/complications ; Wounds, Gunshot/complications

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Nevus*

No abstract available.
Bowen's Disease*