PURPOSE: This study was to explore health experiences of the low-income elderly living alone reflected in Newman's Health as expanding consciousness theory. METHOD: The researcher used Newman's praxis methodology because it is good for showing the process of interaction between the researcher and the low-income elderly living alone. RESULTS: The significant characteristics of early health experience during a participant's lifetime were demonstrated that blamed themselves, being burden of themselves hopeless of their lives. However, after a turning point in health experience. The health experience of most of the participants evolved as expanding consciousness. CONCLUSION: This study has provided support for Newman's theory of health. Most of the participants recognized meanings in their patterns and authentic caring relationships with the nurse as researcher, pattern recognition as a nursing practice was a meaningful transforming process in the participant-nurse partnership. This participatory approach expands the scope of sharing health experience with the elderly living alone and with caring community people.
Aged* ; Consciousness* ; Humans ; Nursing

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

The Schatzki ring, a submucosal fibrotic thickening of the lower esophagus, occurs at the squamocolumnar junction and is invariably associated with an esophageal histal hernia The ring is discrete narrowing covered with squamous epithelium on its superior aspect and columnar epithelium on its inferior aspect, with various degrees of submucosal fibrosis supporting the annulair ring. Symptoms, when present, are generally those of distal esophageal obstruction to the passage of solids and highly associated with ring diameter. The pathogenesis and etlology are obscure. But one theory suggests that they are caused by gastroesophageal reflux. The vast maiority of symptomatic Schatzki rings sre ameneble to dilation, a few patients will require surgical antireflux measures after dilatation. We have experienced a case of Schatzki ring associated with reflux esophagitis and esophageal hiatal hernia by the esophagogram after barium swallowing and endoscopy. So we report this case with brief review of the previous literatures.
Barium ; Carcinosarcoma ; Deglutition ; Dilatation ; Endoscopy ; Epithelium ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Esophagitis, Peptic* ; Esophagus* ; Fibrosis ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Hernia ; Hernia, Hiatal* ; Humans

With the increasing number of air bag-equipped vehicles, there has been a corresponding increase in the incidence of air bag-associated ocular trauma. We encountered a 38 years old man who sustained corneal damage, hyphema, angle recession, medial wall fracture, and visual damage by choroidal rupture of macula due to an inflated air bag in motor vehicle accident and brief review of related literature is presented.
Adult ; Air Bags* ; Choroid ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Incidence ; Motor Vehicles ; Rupture

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Since the concept of osseointegration in dental implants was introduced by Branemark et al, high long-term success rates have been achieved. Though the use of dental implants have increased dramatically, there are few studies on domestic implants with clinical and objective long-term data. PURPOSE: The aim of this retrospective study was to provide long-term data on the Neoplant(R) implant, which features a sandblasted and acid-etched surface and external connection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 96 Neoplant(R) implants placed in 25 patients in Yonsei University Hospital were examined to determine the effect of the factors on marginal bone loss, through clinical and radiographic results during 18 to 57 month period. Results: 1. Out of a total of 96 implants placed in 25 patients, two fixtures were lost, resulting in 97.9% of cumulative survival rate. 2. Throughout the study period, the survival rates were 96.8% in the maxilla and 98.5% in the mandible. The survival rates were 97.6% in the posterior regions and 100% in the anterior regions. 3. The mean bone loss for the first year after prosthesis placement and the mean annual bone loss after the first year for men were significantly higher than that of women (P<0.05). 4. The group of partial edentulism with no posterior teeth distal to the implant prosthesis showed significantly more bone loss compared to the group of partial edentulism with presence of posterior teeth distal to the implant prosthesis in terms of mean bone loss for the first year and after the first year (P<0.05). 5. The mean annual bone loss after the first year was more pronounced in posterior regions compared to anterior regions (P<0.05). 6. No significant difference in marginal bone loss was found in the following factors: jaws, type of prostheses, type of opposing dentition, and submerged /non-submerged implants (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: On the basis of these results, the factors influencing marginal bone loss were gender, type of edentulism, and location in the arch, while the factors such as arch, type of prostheses, type of opposing dentition, submerged / non- submerged implants had no significant effect on bone loss. In the present study, the cumulative survival rate of the Neoplant(R) implant with a sandblasted and acid-etched surface was 97.9% up to a maximum 57-month period. Further long-term investigations for this type of implant system and evaluation of other various domestic implant systems are needed in future studies.
Dental Implants ; Dentition ; Female ; Humans ; Jaw ; Male ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Osseointegration ; Prostheses and Implants ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Tooth

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Volume stability, microstructure reproducibility and fluidity along with compatibility with dental stone must be in consideration in order to use tissue conditioner as a material for functional impression. There are few studies concerning the influence of time factor in oral condition on surface roughness of the stone and optimal retention period in the oral cavity considering such changes in surface roughness. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to find out the influence of various kinds of tissue conditioner, its powder/liquid ratio and immersion time on surface roughness of the stone. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Materials used in this study were the three kinds of tissue conditioners (Coe-Comfort, Visco-Gel, Soft-Liner) and were grouped into three: group R - mixed with standard powder/liquid ratio that was recommended by the manufacturers, group M - mixed with 20% more powder, group L - mixed with 20% less powder. Specimens were made with the size of 20 mm diameter and 2 mm width. Each tissue conditioner specimens were subdivided into 5 groups according to the immersion time (0 hour, 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days), completely immersed into artificial saliva and were stored under 37degrees C. Specimens of which the given immersion time elapsed were taken out and were poured with improved stone, making the stone specimens. Surface roughness of the stone specimens was measured by a profilometer. RESULTS: Within the limitation of this study, the following results were drawn. 1. Major influencing factor on surface roughness of the stone model made from tissue conditioner was the retention period (contribution ratio (rho) = 62.86%, P < .05) of the tissue conditioner in oral cavity to make functional impression. 2. In case of Coe-Comfort, higher mean surface roughness value of the stone model with statistical significance was observed compared to that of Soft-Liner and Visco-Gel as immersion time changes (P < .05). 3. In case of group L (less), higher mean surface roughness value of the stone model with statistical significance was observed compared to that of R (recommended) and M (more) group as immersion time changes (P < .05). CONCLUSION: We may conclude that as the retention period of time in oral cavity influences surface roughness of the stone model the most and as the kind of tissue conditioner and its P/L ratio may influence also, clinician should well understand the optimal retention period in oral cavity and choose the right tissue conditioner for the functional impression, thus making the functional impression with tissue conditioner usefully.
Immersion ; Methylmethacrylates ; Mouth ; Retention (Psychology) ; Saliva, Artificial ; Time Factors

Over 26 kinds of tablets and capsules, such as Tetracycline, Quinidine and Potassium preparations were reported to cause esopbageal ulcerations, eharacterized in various size, shape and number, ind sually in mid-esophagus, Recently authors experienced 10 cases of drug-induced esophageal ulcerations due to antibiotics and antiinflammatory agents such as Tetracycline, Aspirin, etc. Four cases were men and six were women. Four cases were in third dades, three in fourth cleeades, two in fifth decades and one in sixth decades. Presenting symptoras were odynophagia(4/10), dysphagia(3/10), substernal pain(7/10) and epigastric pain(3/10). Endoscopic examination of the esophgus showed single or multiple, small and shallow ulcers on the mid-esophgeal mucosa at the level of 30cm from the ineisor in eight cases, one Iarge and deep ulcer at the level of 40cm from incisor in one patient and one amall, shallow and one large, deep ulcers at the same time. in one patient The shape of alcers were various from a round to a large horseshoe shaped one. The clinical course was mild without complications. It was suggested that drug-induced esophsgeal ulcers with antibiotics and antiinflammatory agents could be found frequently and they had benign and mild clinicalc ourse,
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Aspirin ; Capsules ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Potassium ; Quinidine ; Tablets ; Tetracycline ; Ulcer*

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to measure the serum levels of CA 125, ESR and CRP in patients with tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) before and after treatment of abscess and to assess the usefulness of CA 125 in the diagnosis, prediction of the outcome of TOA treatment and clinical follow-up of patient's condition. METHODS: This retrospective study included 65 patients with TOA. Serum CA 125, ESR, CRP and WBC counts were measured. The treatment was done conservatively with antibiotics. The patients were divided into two groups: those with successful results into group 1 (29 cases) and those with unsuccessful results into group 2 (36 cases). If treatment was considered to be unsuccessful, surgical intervention was additionally performed. RESULTS: The serum levels of CA 125, ESR and abscess size on admission in group 2 were significantly higher than in group 1. ESR, abscess size and CA 125 in order were valuable predictive factors affecting the success of medical treatment. And the new cutoff value was 36.5 mm/h, 4.2 cm and 68.3 U/ml, respectively. The sensitivity rate of CA 125, ESR levels was significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1. Although CRP was decreased significantly 10 days after treatment, the serum CA 125 was not decreased significantly. And it took 51.5 days for CA 125 to be normalized after the initiation of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The serum CA125, ESR levels and abscess sizes are predictive factors affecting the success of medical treatment of abscess treatment. And CA 125 and ESR are useful for diagnosing severity of disease. But serum CA 125 level is an inappropriate marker for monitoring short-term efficacy of treatment.
Abscess ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: Given that the indicators related to chronic diseases are important to evaluating goals of the national health policy, the aim of this study was to develop dietary behavior items available in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. METHODS: The dietary behavior items were developed based on the literature reviews, need assessment of the field, expert focus-group interviews, and expert advisory meeting. Questions for each dietary behavior item were developed by reflecting on environmental, personal, and behavior factors of the ecological frame and then revised through expert focus-group interview and expert advisory meeting. The understanding and reliability of the developed questionnaire were assessed by cognitive interview and test-retest reliability. RESULTS: The developed items were sodium and salt intake, added and simple sugar intake, enough time to consume a meal for all ages, caffeine drinks and fresh/healthy food intake for children and adolescents, and limited dietary intake, fresh/healthy food intake for seniors. In most questions except some questions on sodium and salt intake, subjects understood over 70% and consistency of responses based on the kappa values was acceptable. CONCLUSION: Developed dietary behavior items are expected to be useful for evidence-based nutrition policy, interventions and research targeting dietary patterns through investigating and monitoring dietary behavior patterns.
Adolescent ; Caffeine ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Eating ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Korea* ; Meals ; Nutrition Policy ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Sodium

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Temporary soft relining materials are used in a diverse clinical situations such as tissue conditioner, relining material, functional impression by varying its viscoelasticity. However, reproduction of consistent viscoelasticity has been not possible. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Considering setting mechanism of this material, this study has measured the effect of varying amount of void in dynamic viscoelasticity of soft relining material, with three different mixing methods. In each methods 10 specimens were made and subjected to dynamic viscoelastic test which were measured at specific times over period of 72 hours. RESULTS: The analysis of the result shown that there was no statistically significant differences between different mixing methods. CONCLUSION: Different mixing methods had no effect over control of viscoelasticity of soft lining material. Further research is recommended for under similar oral environmental condition.
Reproduction