No abstract available.
Fallopian Tubes* ; Female ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Tubal* ; Salpingostomy*

No abstract available.
Female ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal*

No abstract available.
Female ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal*

The vaso-epididymography and vasoseminal vesiculography is the only diagnositc method for investigating thepatency and abnormal lesion of male genital system radiologically. The author performed 53 cases ofvaso-epididymography and vasoseminal vesiculography in Busan National University Hospital during the 8 years from1973 to 1981. All patients complained of primary infertility more than a year and were confirmed azoospermia onsemen examination, and 23 cases of them underwent testicular biopsy. The results are as follows; 1. The agedistribution were mainly between 26 and 35 years old (83.0%). 2. The infertile duration were almost from 1 to 5years(86.8%). 3. The past history associated with infertility was gonorrhea, tuberculosis and scrotal trauma. 4.Of the 23 cases of confirmed by testicular biopsy, the pathologic findings were normal spermatogenesis in 12 cases(52.2%) and hypospermatogenesis or arrest type in 11 cases (47.8%). 5. Non-filling sites of contrast media onvas-epididymography and vasoseminal vesiculography were epididymis(83.0%), ejaculatory duct (41.5%) and seminalvesicle (24.5%), were commonly bilateral (68.0%) and were more prevalent in the right side than left (1.2:1.0). 6.The abnormal findings of ejaculatory ducts, seminal vesicles, vas ampullas and vas deferens were mainly strictureof obstruction, obstruction of dilatation, beaded appearance or obstruction and obstruction respectively. 7. Inthe epididymis, there was almost obstructive lesion at the tail portion(83.0%).
Azoospermia ; Biopsy ; Busan ; Contrast Media ; Dilatation ; Ejaculatory Ducts ; Epididymis ; Gonorrhea ; Humans ; Infertility ; Infertility, Male ; Male ; Male ; Methods ; Oligospermia ; Seminal Vesicles ; Spermatogenesis ; Tail ; Tuberculosis ; Vas Deferens

No abstract available.
Dinoprostone* ; Membranes* ; Rupture* ; Suppositories*

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to investigate whether 1) progestogens induce changes of vascular tone in endothelium-denuded smooth muscles of human uterine artery, 2) endothelium-independent vascular reactivity is mediated by intracelluar calcium ion modulation through 2 types of calcium channel, both voltage- and receptor-dependent and 3) 3 kinds of progestogen such as a progesterone, C19 nortestosterone(norethindrone acetate ; NETA) and C21 progestogen(medroxyprogesterone acetate ; MPA), have a different vasoreactivity. METHODS: The uterine arteries were obtained at the time of hysterectomy from 24 women who had no cardiovascular disease risk factors and the endothelium was denuded. Vascular reactivity was monitored by using isometric force transducer and recorded by physiograph. Endothelial integrity was assessed by adding 10micrometer acetylcholine(endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant) to the specimens, which were pretreated with 1micrometer norepinephrine(alpha-adrenergic stimulant). The integrity of smooth muscle was assessed by adding 10micrometer sodium nitroprusside(endotelium -independent vasorelaxant) and 10micrometer tamsulosin(alpha-adrenergic blocker) to the specimens, pretreated with 1micrometer norepinephrine. The uterine smooth muscles were pretreated with 35mM and 70mM potassium chloride and 10-7M and 10-6M norepinephrine. Three kinds of progestogen - progesterone, NETA and MPA - each at 5 different concentrations(10-9g/ml, 10-8g/ml, 10-7g/ml, 10-6g/ml and 10-5g/ml) were used. RESULTS: The loss of endothelial function and adequacy of smooth muscle function were confirmed. Three kinds of progestogen had concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on vascular smooth muscle contr action induced by high potassium solution and norepinephrine, respcetively. There were no siginificant differences noted among the inhibitory effects of three progestogens in 35mM concentration of potassium solution and 10-6M norepinephrine induced muscular contraction. In 70mM potassium solution, there were significant differences among the three progestogens-induced inhibitory effects. Progesterone showed the most potent inhibitory effect, NETA was intermediate, and MPA had the mildest effect. In 10-7M norepinephrine, progesterone had more potent inhibitory effect than NETA or MPA. The difference between progesterone and NETA/MPA was statistically siginificant, with no significance between NETA and MPA. CONCLUSION: The results of this study revealed that progestogens have a concentration-dependent vaso-relaxant effect on endothelium-denuded vasular smooth muscles via a calcium antagonistic mechanism of direct inhibitory effects on receptor- and voltage-dependent calcium ion channels. This vaso-relaxant effect of progestogens differed among a variety of progestogens. In conclusion, the progestogens combined with estrogens have not antagonistic effect on vaso-relaxation at least and maybe have synergistic effect with estrogens, in vivo.
Calcium ; Calcium Channels ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Endothelium ; Estrogens ; Female ; Humans* ; Hysterectomy ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Smooth ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular* ; Norepinephrine ; Potassium ; Potassium Chloride ; Progesterone ; Progestins* ; Risk Factors ; Sodium ; Transducers ; Uterine Artery

Multiple symmetric lipomatosis (MSL) is an extremely uncommon disorder. In the medical literatures about 200 cases have been reported. MSL is not associated with other generalized lipomatous disorders, nor are these patient to be necessarily obese. The cause of MSL is unknown. The disorder usually occurs in middle-aged males and there is frequently a history of alcoholism. Some instances of familial occurrence have been reported, but the majority of cases are sporadic. Two cases of MSL are presented.
Humans ; Lipomatosis ; Lipomatosis, Multiple Symmetrical/*diagnosis/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged

BACKGROUND: Patients who are scheduled for upper extremity surgery under brachial plexus block (BPB) prefer to have no memory of the surgical procedure and some form of sedation is therefore necessary. Because of this we have tried to find an adequate infusion method for propofol that would supply better sedation and less complications. METHODS: We divided 60 patients who were scheduled for upper extremity surgery under BPB into four groups according to loading dose and following continuous infusion rate of propofol (Group 1: 0.2 mg/kg, 8 microgram/kg/min, group 2: 0.4 mg/kg, 16 microgram/kg/min, group 3: 0.6 mg/kg, 33 microgram/kg/min, group 4: 0.8 mg/kg, 50 microgram/kg/min.). We evaluated the degree of sedation, amnesia, recovery, changes of blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory effect of each group. RESULTS: According to the sedation score, groups 3 and 4 were sedated better than groups 1, 2 (P< 0.05). But the mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate and respiration were more depressed and recovery time prolonged in the higher dosage groups (P< 0.05). Three patients among group 4 developed severe respiratory depression, at which time infusion of propofol was stopped. CONCLUSIONS: The ideal infusion method of propofol for effective sedation was 0.4 0.8 mg/kg of loading dosage, followed by 16 50 microgram/kg/min of continuous infusion dosage. But the more dosages of propofol that were administered, the more complications appeared, so we must use care in administering propofol as a sedation adjuvant to BPB.
Amnesia ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Brachial Plexus* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Memory ; Propofol* ; Respiration ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Upper Extremity

Fourteen healthy persons and 43 hypertensives were subjected to treadmill exercise testing to see responses of variable influenced by various degrees of hypertension. The hypertensive were subclassified into 3 groups, mild hypertension(diast. BP<104mmHg), moderate hypertension(diast. BP<129mmHg). 1) The attainability of maximal heart rate was inversely related with levels of basal blood pressure;92.8% of normal control group attained the maximal heart rate, 87.5% of mild hypertension, 69.2% of moderate hypertension and 66.7% of moderately severe hypertension. 2) As the exercise was geaded up, the rate of increase of heart rate was lower in higher blood perssure groups than in lower blood pressuer groups. 3) The rate and extent of rise in systolic pressure was inversely related with basal systolic pressure, the systolic pressure response being least in the group with highest pressure, that is, moderately severe hypertension group. The diastolic pressure seemed to decrease somewhat in early phase of exercise only to return back to basal level at the late phase of exercise. 4) Seven of 43 hypertensive showed significant ST depression during exercise, which may be due to imbalance between oxygen demand and supply caused sither by left ventricular hypertrophy or ischemic heart disease. 5) A case was characterized by very sluggish response in increase of heart rate despite progress in exercise grade and he fell into collase 12 minutes after the interruption of exercise. The tardy response in heart rate may be a hitherto unsuspected risk predictor in exercise test.
Blood Pressure ; Depression ; Exercise Test* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Oxygen

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether soluble HLA-G protein levels in plasma and/or HLA-G protein in placental tissues differ between women with gestational complications (preeclampsia and/or intrauterine growth restriction, IUGR) and women with normal pregnancies. METHODS: A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to investigate the HLA-G expression level in 11 cases of preeclampsia, 8 cases of preeclampsia with IUGR, 18 cases of IUGR, and 10 normal control subjects. RESULTS: Plasma HLA-G levels were decreased significantly in the preeclampsia group (median, 0.072 microgram/mL), the preeclampsia with IUGR group (median, 0.086 microgram/mL), and the IUGR group (median, 0.081 microgram/mL), in comparison with normal pregnant women (median, 0.360 microgram/mL) (P=0.002, P=0.049, and P=0.003, respectively). Also, Placental HLA-G levels were decreased significantly in the preeclampsia group (median, 0.016 microgram/mg), the preeclampsia with IUGR group (median, 0.015 microgram/mg), and the IUGR group (median, 0.021 microgram/mg), in comparison with normal pregnant women (median, 0.091 microgram/mg) (P<0.001, P=0.002, and P=0.001, respectively). There was a significant correlation between plasma and placental HLA-G levels (r=0.807, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the attenuated expression of placental HLA-G and reduced release of this protein into the maternal circulation in gestational complications, such as preeclampsia and IUGR may alter the maternal-fetal immune relationship, and thus could be at play in the pathophysiology of these diseases. This suggests that assessment of levels of HLA-G proteins may be useful in predicting development of preeclampsia and IUGR.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; HLA-G Antigens* ; Humans ; Plasma ; Pre-Eclampsia* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women