No abstract available.
Diet* ; Education* ; Humans ; Renal Dialysis*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Nursing* ; Students, Nursing*

No abstract available.
Home Care Services* ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory*

No abstract available.
Health Occupations*

No abstract available.
Intuition* ; Nursing* ; Philosophy*

This study has been attempted using the Q methodology to clarify leader type of nurse managers that head nurses and general nurses recognize, and to clarify its relative relation. Sixty-three statements were extracted through interviews with general and professional people interested in the subject of nurse leaders to extract the Q population. Atotal of 314 Q population was formed added with 251 questions extracted from related documents. Final 32 Q samples were selected by reorganization of 314 Q population after reexamining statements through inquiry of 1 professor of the nurse department, 2 students in course of nurse science masters degree and 2 students in course of doctoral degree. The P sample selection standard of this study were 25 nurses and 30 head nurses. Examination subjects themselves filled out 32 statements classified in a measure of 9 points from agreeable items to disagreeable items, Principal component factors were analyzed using the QUANL pc program after grading the contents of the P sample. Nurses recognizing subjective structure for leader behaviors of nurse manager were analyzed to be 3 factors: vision presentation type, self-capability consideration type, relationship consideration type, and head nurses recognizing subjective structure were analyzed to be 2 types ; task pursuit leader type, and concord pursuit type. Nursing manager's leader behavior, expected by staff nurse are more complex and higher level which may combined with task pursuit leader type in concord pursuit leader of head nurse. Also according to Hersey and Blanchard theory(1977), the effectiveness of leadership becomes to be larger as the accordance rate between the behaviors of nurse leaders and followers reaction increase. Two suggestions have been made based on the conclusion. 1. Studies on creating strategies in relation to development, management, selection of nurse leaders should be made based on this study. 2. There is a need for relative study of production and degree of similarity of leadership types based on this study.
Humans ; Leadership* ; Nurse Administrators* ; Nursing ; Nursing, Supervisory

PURPOSE: Leptin is a highly hydrophobic 16-kDa protein encoded by the ob gene which is expre- ssed in adipocytes and participates in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. The aims of the present study were to examine the comparison of leptin levels between type I diabetes mellitus (DM) patients who received exogenous insulin therapy and healthy children, and to find out correlating factors with leptin level in type I DM. METHODS: The study was conducted on 34 patients with type I DM and 29 healthy children. Body weight, height, leptin level and body fat percent were measured in both groups. The glycosylated hemoglobin value, C-peptide, insulin level and serum cholesterol were also measured in type I DM. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in mean age, sex distribution and body mass index between the experimental groups, but body fat percent in type I DM was significantly lower than that of healthy children. The mean leptin levels in male (9.4+/-6.3ng/mL) and female (17.8+/-10.2ng/mL) type I DM were significantly higher than in male(6.3+/-5.7ng/mL) and female (10.2+/-0.9ng/mL) healthy children (male : P=0.045, female : P=0.005). Serum leptin levels were strongly correlated with the body fat percent (Pearson coefficient) (r=0.712). CONCLUSION: Serum leptin level in type I DM strongly correlated with the body fat percent. Despite lowered body fat percent in type I DM, the leptin level was significantly higher than values in healthy children. The mean leptin level in type I DM were significantly higher than value in healthy children, but body fat percent of type I DM was lower than value in healthy children who were adjusted for sex, age and body mass index.
Adipocytes ; Adipose Tissue ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; C-Peptide ; Child* ; Cholesterol ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; Eating ; Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Humans ; Insulin ; Leptin* ; Male ; Sex Distribution

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of urinary incontinence among nursing home residents and to identify the factors associated with this condition. METHOD: The data were collected from 618 subjects (146 males and 472 females; mean age 79.9+/-8.4 yr; range 65-102 yr) of 30 nursing homes in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do and Gangwon-do in this cross-sectional study. The data were analyzed by chi-square test, t-test, and multiple logistic regression by using the SPSS/PC ver 12.0 program. RESULTS: The prevalence of UI was 64.7% (64.6% in women; 65.1% in men). After adjustment for each of the variables considered in this study, six potential factors were strongly associated with UI: activities of daily living, comorbidity, age, cognition, specialty of the facility, and a bladder training program. CONCLUSION: Our finding suggests that it is necessary to develop a program for promotion of activities of daily living and to provide a bladder training program to prevent urinary incontinence among nursing home residents.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Geriatric Assessment ; Homes for the Aged ; Humans ; Male ; *Nursing Homes ; Prevalence ; Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Urinary Incontinence/*epidemiology/prevention & control

The 447 cases of skin tumors were studied at the departments of dermatology and surgical pathology, National Medical Center in Seoul during the period of 18 years and 8 months from January, 1959 to August, 1977. The results were as follows: 1) the total number of specimens surveyed in the study was 447, among which benign tumors accoungted for 234 cases and malignant tumors for 213. 2) Male to female ratio for benign tumors was 1.2:1 and for malignant tumors 2.2:1. 3) Among the 234 cases of benign tumors, 67 cases were epidermal cyst. 53 cases of hemangioma and 34 cases of pigmented neni. 4) Among the 2 cases of malignant melanoma. 5) The peak age incidence for benign tumors were below the 2nd decade, The peak ago incidence for malignant tumors were 50th decade. 6) the sites of predilection of the epidermal cysts were trunk, face and neck. The sites of predilection of the hemangiomas and pigmented nevi were face. 7) The sites of peredilection of the squamaous cell carcinomas were penis(27.1%), lower extremities(25.7%) and face(21.5%) The sites of predilection of the basal cell carcinomas were face(83.3%) 8) The ratio of squamous cell carcinoma ws basal cell careinoma was 4:1. 9) The accuracy of clinical dianosis were 42.7% for benign tumors and 79.3% for malignant tumors.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Dermatology ; Epidermal Cyst ; Female ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Melanoma ; Neck ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Pathology, Surgical ; Seoul ; Skin*

The purpose of this study was to understand the effectiveness of oral health education (OHE) or oral hygiene instruction (OHI) involving professional plaque control/removal, as compared to conventional plaque control/removal. By means of a systematic review of the literature, in the review of literature by using systematic method, Korean articles of plaque control including OHE or OHI, were studied in order to analyze and conclude the literature to enhance oral health. We found that self and professional plaque control/removal, in addition to tooth brushing instructions, decreased incidence and prevalence of loss of teeth. Taken together, professional mechanical plaque removals were most effective 4~5 visits every 1~2 weeks. Use of disclosing agent was more effective than oral education or model education. In line with oral hygiene education, professional brushing, oral prophylaxis, scaling and root planing, it was advisable to repeat the training according to the characteristics of the patient. Routine OHE or OHI would be help to increase to oral health. For a quality of life related oral health, reliability and validity of data are needed to develop and its data should be applied to dental health insurance policy.
Dental Plaque* ; Education* ; Education, Professional ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insurance, Health ; Korea* ; Methods ; Oral Health ; Oral Hygiene* ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life ; Reproducibility of Results ; Root Planing ; Tooth