Repeated throwing of baseballs by juvenile pitchers is known to cause damages to bone and cartilage as well as soft tissue in the involved upper extremity. Authors present 4 cases of osteochondral lesion at capitellum of the humerus as a result of repeated insult by throwing baseballs in the juvenile pitchers. Pain and limitation of extension of the affected elbow were the commonest symptoms. Cystic change or osteochondral loose body was found on plain X-ray. Treatment consisted of rest and analgesic administration in the patient who has no loose body, while in case of having loose body it was removed surgically without further treatment to the crater. In spite of the rapid relief of the pain by these treatment, limitation of extension persisted for considerable period of time. It is strongly suggested not to overlook elbow pain in young adolescent whose bone is still growing and who can hardly withstand repeated insult to prevent the development of baseball elbow.
Adolescent ; Baseball ; Cartilage ; Elbow ; Humans ; Humerus ; Osteochondritis ; Upper Extremity

There are various complex formations between immunoglobulin and serum enzymes in the body. Of these, LD-Immunoglobulin complex is most common. It has reported that LD-IgG or LD-IgA complex existed in the serum of healthy person or many patients who have various clinical disorders. The clinical significance of complexes is not known, but it results in the increase of total LD activity and interference to the LD isoenzyme electrophoresis interpretation due to its anomalous pattern. We have reported a case of LD-Immunoglobulin complex in AILD(Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia) with reference. The patient was admitted with fever, chills and cervical LN enlargement, in LN biopsy, diagnosed AILD, and during treatment expired by sepsis. Since admission, serum total LD activities were increased and serum LD isoenzyme EP showed that LD3-5 fractions was not separated in broad single band. Its pattern was due to LD-immunoglobulin complex, LD-bound immunoglobulin was IgG ,lamda. For the identification of immunoglobulin, we at first did serum protein immunoelectrophoresis. then stained the plate with tetrazolium dye for LD activity.
Biopsy ; Chills ; Electrophoresis ; Fever ; Humans ; Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy* ; Immunoelectrophoresis ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulins ; Lactic Acid* ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Sepsis

Air can be used as a carrier for volatile agent, ether, with a clear airway, normal pulmonary function and normal oxygenation. In 1858 John Snow, the Father of British Anesthesia stated in his book on Chloroform and Other Anesthetics that he believed it to be almost impossible for death to occur from ether administered with ordinary intelligence and attention. Today ether is probably still the safest anesthetic drug we possess. Ether is cheap and easily obtained; with controlled respiration 3% is adequate. Recovery smooth and rapid. Vomiting may be no different from other agents. Most machines depend upon cylinders of oxygen and other gases, and there are difficulties of refilling cylinders and the cost of transporting them. In such circumstances the E.M.O. Inhaler, allowing ether to be vaporized in known concentrations in air, has many advantages as an alternative to the open method administration. From all types of patients chosen at random 22 patients were studied for ether-air anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with intravenous thiopental and subsequent endotracheal intubation was performed within 30 seconds with the aid of intravenous succinylcholine. SatO2, PaO2, pH, and Base E. were measured 3 times during pre-anesthesia, immediately after the intubation, and post-operatively by Radiometer, using the oxy-hemoglobin dissociation curve and the Siggard-Anderson alignment nomogram. Vital signs were recorded every 5 minutes. It is the purpose of this paper to present this series of 22 anesthetics by the use of the E.M.O. Inhaler with air and to discuss the possibility of hypoxia, advantages and limitations that became apparent. The results obtained may be summarized as follows. 1. It is essential that endotracheal intubation by carried out rapidly and that everything necessary be ready and immediately at hand before starting the anesthetic. 2. In all patients ventilated room air during anesthetic induction, no significant decreases of PaO2 and SatO2 were observed immediately after the endotracheal intubation. 3. The duration of any period of complete apnea inflicted on the patient must be carefully controlled. 4. 100% oxygen prevented the possibility of hypoxia on extubation after all the reflexes had returned. 5. Ether-air anesthesia is recommended without hesitation for use where economy and portability of anesthetic machine are needed.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthetics ; Anoxia ; Apnea ; Chloroform ; Ether ; Fathers ; Gases ; Hand ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Intelligence ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers ; Nomograms ; Oxygen ; Reflex ; Respiration ; Snow ; Succinylcholine ; Thiopental ; Vital Signs ; Vomiting

We evaluated the renal function could be estimated by the visual analysis of the perfusion images of Tc-99m DTPA renal scan. Renal scan, creatinine clearance(CCr) and serum creatinine(s-Cr) were obtained in 105 patients. Intensity of renal activity(RA) at 6 sec perfusion image after the first visualization of abdominal aortic activity(A or A) was considered as the parameter for estimating renal function. Intensity of RA was scored from grade(Gr.) 1 to 3(Gr. 1: RAsplenic activity(SA), Gr. 2: RA A or A, Gr. 3: RA60 mL/min. The P.P.V. of Gr. 2 RA was 92% for s-Cr from 1.5 to less than 3.5mg/dL and 83% for CCr value from 20 to less than 60mL/min. The P.P.V. of Gr. 3 RA was 95% for s-Cr3.5mg/dL and 95% for CCr<20mL/min. As the intensity of RA of perfusion images decreased, renal function more decreased. We could detect renal dysfunction by visual analysis of perfusion images of renal scan.
Creatinine ; Humans ; Pentetic Acid* ; Perfusion*

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Medical Services*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Histamine Release* ; Histamine* ; Mast Cells* ; Rats*

PURPOSE: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of irradiation on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and apoptosis induction during the carcinogenesis in hamster buccal pouch. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three months old Syrian golden hamsters were divided into control and 2 experimental groups. Hamsters in control group were left untreated on buccal pouchs. Twenty four hamsters were treated with 0.5% DMBA tri-weekly on the right buccal pouch. Forty eight hamsters were treated with 0.5% DMBA tri-weekly and irradiated with the dose of 5 Gy and 10 Gy at 6, 9, 12, 15 weeks after DMBA application. Resected buccal pouches were sectioned and examined for potential expression pattern of PCNA and apoptosis. RESULTS: The PCNA index was increased with the stages of buccal pouch epithelium carcinogenesis except the hyperplasia stage in control group (p<0.05). The irradiation did not effect on the PCNA index in the dysplasia and the carcinoma in situ stage, but in the hyperplasia stage, the PCNA index was increased with 10 Gy radiation and decreased in the carcinoma stage (p<0.05). The apoptotic index was significantly decreased from the carcinoma in situ stage and the lowest in the carcinoma stage. The apoptotic index was significantly decreased in the hyperplasia and dysplasia stage with the 5 Gy irradiation and significantly increased only in the carcinoma stage with the 10 Gy irradiation (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The PCNA and apoptotic index were varied according to the irradiation period and dosage in each carcinogenesis stage.
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene* ; Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Carcinogenesis* ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Cricetinae* ; Epithelium ; Hyperplasia ; Mesocricetus ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Radiation Dosage

The cranium can be thought of a as shallow, rigid sphere of contrast volume. There are three main components within the intracranial space : brain, cerebrospinal fluid and blood. Intracranial volume and pressure are maintained constantly by Monroe-Kellie doctrine. Also intracranial pressure is influenced by a number of physiologic factors and it will be changed with intracranial lesion. Now we were look for the possible factors that influence the intracranial pressure with continuous intracranial pressure monitoring. At the same time we studied the possibility of the relationship between factors that influence ICP and ADL(Ability of Daily Life) in 43 severe brain lesions(33 cases ; intracerebral hematoma, 10 cases ; head injury). In cases of higher GCS, smaller hematoma, lower amplitude of ICP, lesser frequency of A-wave and lower elastance, the ICP were lowed. Ninety percent of cases that GCS is over 12 was belong to ADL I and II, but only nineteen percent of cases that GCS is under 7 was belong to ADL I and II. No case of internal capsule involved group was belong to ADL I but forty-eight percent of cases whose hematoma volume is under 10ml was belong to ADL I. Fifty percent of cases whose hematoma volume is under 10ml was belong to ADL I and no case that hematoma volume is over 20ml was belong to ADL I. Cases that PCO2 is in the range of 25mmHg-29mmHg were not belong to ADL I. In cases of higher amplitude of ICP, higher frequency of A-wave and higher elastance, the patient's ADL was grave. And in cases of ICP was progressively increased, the prognosis was also grave. Consequently we are able to guess that patient's prognosis will be influenced by initial GCS, internal capsule involvement, hematoma volume, PCO2, amplitude of ICP, frequency of A-Wave, brain elastance and curve of ICP.
Activities of Daily Living ; Brain ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Head ; Hematoma ; Internal Capsule ; Intracranial Pressure* ; Prognosis* ; Skull