The authors aimed to apply a nonsurgioal and atraumatic method for avulsing dystrophic nails due to onyohomyoosis by using 22.25% urea ointment under occlusive dressing. One hundred and eighty-nine nails with onychomycosis in fifty-five patients were treated by this rnethod. The results obtained a,re as follows: 1. Of a total of 82 fingernails and 107 toenails in 55 patients, all fingernails and 103 toenails showed an excellent response with easy removal of the diseased nails. 2. The duration tha.t the occluded urea ointment remained in place before sucessful avulsion was 6.7(range, 3 to 18) days for fingernails, and 9.1(range, 3 to 18) days for toenails with onychomycosis. 3. Of 4 nails of control group which were treated with white petrolatum, none showed the significant improvernent. 4. The problems during this treatment were; severe irritation with pain(l case), mild irzitation and/or itching(5 cases), and pin-point bleeding on curettage of nail bed (19 cases). It is suggested the urea treatment has many advantages and seemed to be ideal for patients with digital vascular insufficiency and increased susceptibility to infection.
Curettage ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Nails ; Occlusive Dressings ; Onychomycosis* ; Petrolatum ; Urea*

We present a case of bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma in a two year old female, in whom no hereditary background was found. The skin lesion was characterized clinically by blister formation with generalized erythematous hyperkeratosis which was especially prominent on the flexural surfaces of extremities and intertriginous areas. The histopathologic examination revealed marked hyperkeratosis, cavity changes of the malpighian cells with perinuclear vacuoles and markedly thickened granular layer containing many keratohyaline granules.
Blister ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic* ; Skin ; Vacuoles

A 61-year-old female had neurofibromas situated on the right side of upper trunk, shoulder and neck in the distribution of dermatomes C3 and C4(right), which developed 3 years ago. There were not cafe-au-lait spots, axillary frecklings, or Lisch nodule (iris pignented hamartoma). Biopsy specimen showed collagenous wavy fibrils among which spindle-shaped and round cells were embedded as seen in the typical neurofibroma. This case was considered to be a segmental form of von Recklinghausen's disease.
Biopsy ; Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Collagen ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Shoulder

A 6-year-old boy presented in December 1986 with a 1-year history of a nonpruritic flesh-colored papular eruption that began on the dorsum of left hand and gradually appeared on other areas, such as upper and lower extremities, trunk and external genitalia. Complete blood cell count. urinalysis, VDRL, stool examination, liver function test and chest X-ray were negative or within normal limits. On physical examination, he had uniform, pinhead-sized, flat-topped, shiny, discrete paples on the whole body surface. No oral lesions were found. Histopathologically skin biopsy specimen showed a circumscribed nest of infiltrate consisted of lymphocvtes, histiocytes and a few epitheloid cells. The cell nest was separated from the overlying flattened epidermis by a large space. Direct immunofluorescent test was negative. He had been treated with systemic corticosteroid for two months without recurrence until nowadays.
Biopsy ; Blood Cell Count ; Child ; Epidermis ; Genitalia ; Hand ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Lichen Nitidus* ; Lichens* ; Liver Function Tests ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Physical Examination ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Thorax ; Urinalysis

Involucrin is a recently recognized structural component of mature squamous epithelial cells and is considered as a marker of normal eratinocyte differentiation and ma.turation. In this study peroxidase-antiperoxidase techniques were used to assess involucrin expression in histologic sections of normal skin and a variety of epidennal tumors including squamous cell carcinomas(25 cases), keratoacanthomas(11 cases), basal cell carcinomas(20 cases), trichoepitheliomas(5 cases), Howens diseases(12 cases), arsenic keratoses(10 cases), actinic keratoses(10 cases) and Pagets diseases(2 cases). The results were as follows : l. In normal skin, the upper third of the viable epidermis showed diffuse cytoplasmic staining for involucrin. In hair follicles, the lower area of inner root sheath and inner area of the outer root sheath stained positively. The sebareous glands did not stain, but the ducts of sebaceous glands were positive. 2. Keratoacanthomas showed a relatively homogeneous staining pattern for inirolucrin ', all cells except basal cells stained with mild to moderate intensity. In contrast, squamous cell carcinomas disclosed a highly irregular involucrin staining pattern with marked variation in staining intensity from cell to cell. 3. Basal cell carcinomas were negative for involucrin except squamous horn cysts, and the epidermis overlying basal cell carcinomas showed the field effect, that is, the epidermis overlying the tumors exhibited diffuse, homogeneous positive staining of cells in all layers of the epidermis. 4. ln trichoepitheliomas, the involucrin reactivity was negative as in basal cell carcinoma.s, but the field effect was not observed. 5. In Elowens disease, actinic keratosis, arsenic keratosis and Pagets disease, the positivit.y for involucrin staining extended deeper into the stratum malpighii than was observed wit,h normal epidermis. And areas showing irregular patchy pattern of involucrin staining were considered to have the potentiality of malignant invasive change much more than the negative or homogeneous areas. Paget's cells were negative for involucrin as the adjoining keratinocytes in the lower portion af epidermis.
Actins ; Animals ; Arsenic ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cytoplasm ; Epidermis ; Epithelial Cells ; Hair Follicle ; Horns ; Keratinocytes ; Keratoacanthoma ; Keratosis ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Sebaceous Glands ; Secobarbital ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Condylomata acuminata is a sexually transmitted cisease which is caused by the human papillomavirus(HPV). The types of HPV causing condylomata acuminata are HPV 6,11,16,18. HPV 16 and 18 are related to anogenital carcinoma. OBJECTIVE: The goals of this study were to determine the types cif HPV in condylomata acuminata, and to investigate the relationship between condylomata acuminata and anogenital carcinoma. MEHTODS: Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment le igth polymorphisms were performed in the paraffin-embedded tissues of 17 cases of condylomata acciminata. RESULTS: HPV DNA was detected in all of 17 cases of condylomata accuminata tested. HPV 6 and 11 were found in 53% (9/17) and 41% (7/17) of the samples, respectiiely. HPV 16 and/or 18, which are related to anogenital carcinovia, were not detected, except in one case in which HPV 16 was found to be superimposed with HPV 6 and 11. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that most of condylomata acumirata are caused by HPV 16 and 11, and there is not so much risk of this disease transforming into the aiogenital carcinoma.
Biopsy* ; Condylomata Acuminata* ; DNA* ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Human papillomavirus 6 ; Humans* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

Eccrine angiomatous hamartoma, eccrine-pilar angiomatous hamartoma and sudoriparous angioma represent the same disease entity, a hamartoma showing hyperplasia of the eccrine sweat apparatus and of vascular elements in the same lesion histologically. We present a case of eccrine angiomatous hamartoma on the medial side of the right thigh in a 3-year-old male patient and review 16 cases reported in Korea.
Child, Preschool ; Hamartoma* ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Korea ; Male ; Sweat ; Thigh

We report a case of familial benign chroinic pemphigus in a 47 year old man. We had tried various treatments but no effect had been noted with systemic steroids, tetracycline, cephalosporin, rifampin, dapsone, and local application with antibiotic ar..d eteroid ointment. Thus the patient was started on 50mg of etretinate(Tigason) daily and almost complete resolution of the skin lesions was noted two moths after treatment. He was maintained on 15mg of etretinate daily and follow up evaluations for six months revealed no recurrence and no exacerbation of the lesions.
Acitretin* ; Dapsone ; Etretinate* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Moths ; Pemphigus ; Pemphigus, Benign Familial* ; Recurrence ; Rifampin ; Skin ; Steroids ; Tetracycline

In tuberous sclerosis angiomyolipomas involving kidney and regional lymph nodes are known to be extremely rare. We report a 21-year-old female, who has had pinhead-sized reddish or brownish papules on the face and skin colored, orange peel like plaques in the lurnbosacral region. She has suffered from tenderness on the left flank since 4 years ago. Abdominal CT scan revealed a large mass in the upper portion of the left kidney and lymphadenopathy of the para-aortic lymph nodes. Biopsy specimens from the mass of the left kidney and regional lymph nodes revealed angiomyolipomas.
Angiomyolipoma* ; Biopsy ; Citrus sinensis ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney* ; Lymph Nodes* ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Skin ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberous Sclerosis* ; Young Adult

Using peanut agglutinin(PNA), neurarninidase, and avidin-biotin peroxidase com plex(ABC) technique, normal skin specimens, nevocellular nevi, and malignant melanomas were studied, and different PNA binding patterns between nevocellular nevi and malignant melanomas were observed. The results were as follows : 1. In normal skin, except the basement membrane, epidermis and hair follicle epithelium showed a cell membrane staining of PNA after neuraminidase pretreat ment. Sebaceous glands revealed membranous and cytoplasmic staining of PNA, but sweat ducts were not stained. 2. In nevocellular nevi, none of the nevus cells were stained with PNA aftet neuraminidase preteatment. 3. In malignant melanomas, all of the melanorna cells were stained along the cell mernbrane with PNA after neuraminidase pretreatment. Therefore, the PNA staining after neuraminidase pretreatment on paraffin embedded sections using ABC technique is considered to be a useful probe for the differentiation between malignant malanoma and nevocellular nevus.
Basement Membrane ; Cell Membrane ; Cytoplasm ; Epidermis ; Epithelium ; Hair Follicle ; Melanoma* ; Neuraminidase ; Nevus* ; Paraffin ; Peanut Agglutinin* ; Peroxidase ; Sebaceous Glands ; Skin ; Sweat